US2918860A - Electric toaster - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 29, 1959 B. B. MA'rzl-:NAUER ELECTRIC TOASTER 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 25, 1957 T ww I NVE NTOR. 5mm@ 51m/e0 M/lfzfA/Af/f/a Tia.

Dec. 29, 1959 B. B. MATzENAul-:R 4 2,918,860

Filed Feb. `25, 1957 4 Sheets-Shget 2 Tia. 4. 37)

A Tra Uff/5 Dec. 29, 1959 B, B. MATzENAU-ER 2,918,860

ELECTRIC TOASTER Filed Feb. 25, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 29, 1959 B. B. MATzl-:NAUER ELECTRIC TOASTER 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 25, 1957 SOLENOID United States Patent ftice ELECTRIC TOASTER Brother Berard Matzenauer, Paterson, NJ.

Application February 25, 1957, Serial No. 642,207

9 Claims. (Cl. 99-335) This invention relates to electric toasters and more particularly to an electric toaster which is totally enclosed and which discharges the toasted bread from the bottom of the toaster by gravitational force.

Conventional toasters used in hospitals, schools, restau rants and other large institutions where it is desired to toast large quantities of bread in a relatively short period of time generally comprise an endless power driven conveyor system mounted in a cabinet. Secured to and integral with the conveyor system are a plurality of frames adapted to hold two or more slices of bread. The cabinet is open in the front to allow the slices of bread to be inserted on the frames.

In operation the conveyor system is energized and the bread to be toasted is inserted on one of the frames accessible through the open front of the cabinet. The conveyor system carries the frame with the bread past appropriate heating means, generally a gas flame, and discharges the toasted bread in the open front of the cabinet.

The disadvantage of commercial toasters of this general type is that they require the constant attention of an operator to place the slices of bread on the frames and remove the toasted bread from the front of the cabinet. In addition, toasters of this type are ineicient and expensive to operate since a large portion of the heat generated is not utilized in toasting the bread, but escapes through the opening in the front of the cabinet.

In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved electric toaster which overcomes the disadvantages of prior art devices, and which is eicient and economical to operate.

Another object of the invention is to provide an electric toaster which does not require the constant attention of an operator, and which will simultaneously toast an entire loaf of bread, or any desired quantity.

A further object of the invention is to provide an electric toaster in which the operating parts automatically assume proper operating position after the bread has been inserted and the cabinet closed, and in which the toasted bread is automatically discharged through the bottom of the toaster by gravitational force at the completion of the toasting cycle.

yOther objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the accompanying description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the toaster of the present invention, also showing in cross-section one of the guide channels in which the bottom drop plate is slidably movable;

Figure 2 is a sectional View taken along lines 2--2 f Figure l;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along lines 3--3 of Figure 2; y

' Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4--4 ofFigure 1;

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Figure l after the drawer has been closed and the bottom plate released, the toasted bread being shown falling into a receptacle;

Figure 7 is a detail view of a portion of Figure 6 illustrating the action of the fingers as the hinged bottom plate is swung to a closed position;

Figure 8 is a detail cross-sectional view illustrating the mounting of the lingers; and

Figure 9 is a schematic wiring diagram for the electric toaster of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figure l, the electric toaster of the present invention comprises a cabinet 10 and a drawer 11 which is slidably movable longitudinally within the cabinet. The drawer 11 contains a plurality of spacer guides 12 which space the slices of bread 13 from each other, and has a hinged bottom comprising a bottom drop plate 14 attached by hinges 15 to the bottom of front frame 16 of drawer 11. Cabinet 10 contains a plurality of heating elements 18 (Figure 4) which interleave with the spacer guides 12 as the drawer 1,1 is closed. Operation of the drawer 11 turns the toaster on through automatic switch means, in a manner to be presently described. At the completion of the toasting cycle, the bottom drop plate 14 is automatically released, thereby releasing the bread slices 13 which fall into the receiving basket or receptacle 17. The toaster turns itself off when the bottom drop plate 14 is released.

The drawer 11 is supported by means of drawer guides 19 which are attached to or formed integrally with the front frame 16 of the drawer 11. These drawer guides may take any desired shape, but are preferably rods being circular in cross-section and extending longitudinally the length of the drawer 11. In Figure l, only one drawer guide is shown on each side of the front frame 16, positioned intermediate the top and bottom of the sides of the front frame, but if desired, two or more drawer guides may be provided on each side of the front frame 16 in order to distribute the weight of the drawer.

` The drawer guides 19 are adapted to be slidably movable in guide rails 20 which are attached to, or formed integrally with, sides 21 of cabinet 10.

A`s shown in Figure 3, extending from the drawer guides 19 are keys 22 which are slidably movable in keyways 23 formed in the guide rails 2i). Keyways 23 terminate inwardly from the back and front of cabinet 10 and limit the travel of drawer 11. In this manner drawer 11 cannot accidentally be withdrawn completely from cabinet 10. As shown in Figure 2, when drawer 11 is completely inserted in cabinet 10, the ends of drawer guides 19 depress contact 24 of switch 25 for a purpose to be presently described.

The bottom drop plate 14 of the drawer 11, as shown in Figure 4, is attached by hinges 15 to the bottom of front frame 16 of drawer 11 so that when the bottom drop plate is released from the horizontal position shown in Figure 4 it swings to the vertical position shown in Figure 6. Bottom drop plate 14 serves to enclose the bottom of the cabinet 10 when the drawer 11 is closed.

Guide rollers 27 are rotatably mounted on the rear edge of the bottom drop plate 14. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, rollers 27 are mounted on axles 28 which projectl beyond the side edges of the bottom drop plate 14. Attached to and extending longitudinally along the inner faces of the sides 21 of the cabinet 10 are guide channels 29 in which the guide rollers 27 are movable. These guide channels 29, as shown in Figures l, 4 and 6, extend from the forward edge of the cabinet 10 and terminate adjacent the spring loaded plunger arm 30 of solenoid,31.

Positioned within the guide channels 29 inwardly from Patented Dec. 29, 1959.

theA end adjacent the plunger arm 3d are fingers 32 pivotal about pins 33. These fingers serve a purpose presently to be described.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a plurality of heating elements i8 are located in the interior of the cabinet l0 and are in the form of grids of wire of appropriate resistance. These heating coils are supported by means of brackets 34 secured to the inner face of the back of the cabinet il. he heating coils or grids l2 are generally rectangular and extend perpendicularly from the back of the cabinet l@ and terminate inwardly from the front of the cabinet. The spacing between the coils E55 is approximately twice the thickness of a slice of bread.

Secured to the inner face of the front frame l of the drawer i?. are spacer guides i2. The spacer guides extend the length of the drawer Ell and are generally U-shaped in cross-section, with the sides 55, 35 extending perpendicularly downward toward the bottom drop plate id of drawer il. When the drawer Ill is inserted in the cabinet llt) each spacer guide i?. encloses a heating coil i8., The sides 35, 35 of the spacer guides .l2 may be perforated or'made of mesh in order to allow the heat to pass from the coils i8 to the bread l, or if the sides are solid the heat may be reilected from the coils under the spacer guides to the bread. lt is therefore seen that the spacer guides serve a two-fold purpose, to space the slices of bread from each other and to prevent the bread from Coming into direct Contact with the heating coils 1S. As illustrated in Figure the sides of the spacer guides 1.2 converge at the top in order to guide the individual bread slices between the spacer guides.

Alternatively, the front of the drawer lll may be hinged at the bottom so as to swing outward and downward exposing the front interior of the cabinet lil in which case the fronts of the spacer guide l2 may be beveled to facilitate the sliding in of bread slices along a horizontal plane.

ln order to operate the electric toaster of the present invention the drawer il is rst pulled out and the slices of a loaf of bread are inserted between the spacer guides 2. rhe drawer il is then closed and when it is completely closed, the end of drawer guide i9 depresses spring Contact 24 of switch 25 which closes the circuit and energizes th heating coils The length of the heating cycle is regulated by control 36 on top of cabinet l@ which may be either a time or thermostatic controi. When the desired temperature has been reached, or the required time has elapsed, the heating coiis are dev-energized and solenoid 3i is energized. This attracts arm 3D and pulls it away from cabinet it), or toward the left in Figure 6, releasing the bottom drop plate 14 of drawer l1. Plate TJ. swings on hinges 15 to the vertical position shown in Figure 6, releasing the bread which falls into the receiving basket or receptacle i7.

When plate 14 is disengaged from arm 36, the solenoid 3i is de-energized as .vell as switch 25 so that the circuit for the toaster is inoperative. The heating coils or grids i3 cannot be re-energized until the drawer is opened, releasing spring contact 2d of switch 25, and then closed again depressing contact 24 and repeating the toasting cycle. A schematic wiring diagram depicting the operation of the electric toaster of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 9.

To reload the toaster, drawer ll is withdrawn from the cabinet As the drawer il is opened the bottom drop plate ld of drawer l passes over rollers 37 which swings plate le back into a horizontal position. Wedge 38 may be provided on the bottom of plate i4 to prevent the plate 14 from being abruptly swung from a vertical to a horizontal position.

As plate le approaches a horizontal position. it engages fingers 32 which rotate counter-clockwise about pins 33 and allow rollers 27 to enter guide channels 29. Fingers 32 ronlyrotate in a counter-clockwise direction, and when the drawer il is inserted in the cabinet 1t) the rollers 27 pass over fingers 32 and rest on plunger arm 30.V It is' therefore seen that when the drawer is completely closed the bottom drop plate id of drawer il is supported solely by plunger arm Sil of solenoid 3l.

ln order to provide access to the interior of cabinet it) for cleaning, the top 39 of cabinet l@ may be hinged to the back of cabinet l@ as shown in Figures 1 and 4. For purposes of safety the front frame 16 of drawer 11 is provided with a tongue itl which is engaged by lip 26 on the top 33 of the cabinet l@ when the drawer 11 is completely inserted. rhis prevents the top 39 from being opened when the drawer lll is closed and the heating coils energized.

lf desired the receiving basket or receptacle 17 may be formed integrally with the cabinet il@ as shown in Figure l, or positioned below and spaced from the cabinet it), the only requirement being that the receptacle portion be of suicient depth to allow the bottom drop plate ld ot' drawer itl to rotate through approximately degrees, or from a horizontal to a vertical position.

With this modication the cabinet iti has two sections,-

the upper section including the toaster elements and the bottom section the receiving basket or receptacle.

What has been described is an electric toaster which is inexpensive to manufacture, economical to operate,-

and simple to maintain due to the minimization of moving parts. The electric toaster of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in hospitals, schools, etc., where it is desired to toast a relatively large quantity of bread in a short period of time. With the present invention an entire loar" of sliced bread may be inserted in the drawer and at the end of the toasting cycle the bread falls into the receiving basket or receptacle from where it may be conveniently removed and the cycle continuously repeated.

l claim:

l. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, a drawer sildeable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front end of the` drawer, said plate being normally in engagement with plunger means secured to said cabinet when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, said plate being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged from said plunger deans, said drawer further including rack means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said rack means when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, means to effect disengagement of said plate and plunger' means when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened.

2. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, guide rails secured to the sides of said cabinet, a drawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported trom the front end of the drawer, drawer guides secured to the front end of said drawer, said drawer guides being slideably movable in said guide rails, said plate being normally in engagement with plunger means secured to said cabinet when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, said plate beinfr adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged from said plunger means, said drawer further including track means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to inten leave with said rack means when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, means to effect disengagement of saidplate and plunge means when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened. I

3. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, guide. rails secured to the sides of said cabinet, adrawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front ,end of the drawer, drawer guides secured to the front end of said,drawer positions therein, heater said drawer guides being slideably movable in said guide rails, guide channels secured t0 the sides of said cabinet, said plate during opening and closing of said drawer being normally in engagement with said guide channels and slideable therein and being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged therefrom, said drawer further including rack means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said rack means when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, means to effect disengagement of said plate when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened.

4. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, guide rails secured to the sides of said cabinet, a drawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front end of the drawer, drawer guides secured to the front end of said drawer, said drawer guides being slideably movable in said guide rails, guide channels secured to the sides of said cabinet, said plate being normally in engagement with said guide channels and slideable therein and being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged therefrom, said drawer further including rack means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said rack means when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, switch means for energizing said heater elements when said draweris fully inserted in said cabinet, means to effect disengagement of said plate from said guide channels when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened.

5. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, a solenoid secured to the back of said cabinet and including a plunger arm extending within said cabinet, a drawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front end of the drawer, said plate being normally in engagement with said plunger arm and being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged therefrom, said drawer further including rack means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said rack means when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, said plunger arm being withdrawn from said cabinet when said solenoid is energized disengaging said plate from said arm, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened.

6. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, guide rails secured to the sides of said cabinet, a solenoid secured to the back of said cabinet and including a plunger arm extending within said cabinet, a drawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front end of the drawer, drawer guides secured to the front end of said drawer, said drawer guides being slideably movable in said guide rails,

said plate being normally in engagement with said plunger arm and being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged therefrom, said drawer further including rack means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said rack means when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, said plunger arm being retracted when said solenoid is energized disengaging said plate from said arm, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened.

7. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, guide rails secured to the sides of said cabinet extending longitudinally the length thereof and terminating in a switch having a spring actuated contact, a drawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front end of the drawer, drawer guides secured to the front end of said drawer, saidv drawer guides being slideably movable in said guide rails, a solenoid secured to the back of said cabinet and including a plunger arm extending within said cabinet, guide channels secured to the sides of said cabinet extending longitudinally thereof and terminating adjacent said arm, said drawer further including rack means to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said rack means when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, said plate being normally in engagement with said arm when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet and slideable in said guide channels when said drawer is opened, said heater elements being energized when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet and said drawer guide depresses said contact, means interconnecting said switch and said solenoid such that when said heating coils are thereafter de-energized said solenoid is energized withdrawing said arm from said cabinet and disengaging said plate, said plate being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged from said arm, and roller means to restore engagement with said guide channels when said drawer is thereafter opened.

8. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, tubular guide rails secured to the sides of said cabinet extending longitudinally the length thereof and terminating in a switch having a spring actuated contact, a drawer horizontally slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from vthe front end of the drawer, cylindrical drawer guides secured to the sides of said drawer and extending the length thereof, said drawer guides being slideably movable in said guide rails and supporting said drawer such that said drawer isr slidable into said cabinet and removable therefrom to a limiting position, a solenoid secured to the back of said cabinet and including a plunger arm extending within said cabinet, guide channels secured to the sides of Said cabinet extending longitudinally thereof and terminating adjacent the end of said arm extending within said cabinet, said drawer further including vertical partitions secured to the inner face of the front end of said drawer and extending therefrom and adapted to support pieces to be toasted at spaced positions therein, heater elements mounted in said cabinet and positioned to interleave with said partitions when said drawer is inserted in said cabinet, said plate being normally in engagement with said arm when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet and slideable in said guide channels when said drawer is opened and closed, said heater elements being energized when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet and the end of said drawer guides depresses said contact, means interconnecting said switch and said solenoid such that when said heating coils are thereafter deenergized said solenoid is energized withdrawing said arm from Said cabinet and disengaging said plate, a receptacle positioned beneath said plate, said plate being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged discharging said slices into said receptacle, and roller means to restore engagement of said plate with said guide channels when said drawer is thereafter opened.

9. An electric toaster comprising a cabinet, a drawer slideable in said cabinet and including a bottom drop plate pivotably supported from the front end of the drawer, said plate being normally in engagement with lever means secured to said cabinet when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, said plate being adapted to pivot downwardly when disengaged from said lever means, a plurality of heater elements mounted in said cabinet, means to effect disengagement of said plate from said lever means when said drawer is fully inserted in said cabinet, and roller means to restore engagement when said drawer is thereafter opened.

No references cited.

Images