US2917979A - Compactor - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 22, 1959 Filed Feb. 27, 1956 R. D. DENlNG ETAL 2,917,979

coMPAcToR 6 Sh'eetsfSheet 1 ROBE/Pr o. DEN/,va a

LESLIE H. GARLINGHOUSE,

\ INI/ENToRs.

\ H UEBNER, BEEHLER,

WORREL 6b HERZIG,

TTORNEYS,

lDec. 22, 1959 R. D. DENlNG ETAL 2,917,979

COMPACTOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 27, 1956 @y my my A lill" i l .2 l. nl l ROBERT D. DEN/NG 8 LESLIE H. GARL/NGHOUSE,

INVENToRs.

H UEBNER, BEEHLER,

WORREL f5 HERZIG,

TTORNEYS.

Dec. 22, 1959 R. D. DENING ET AL INVENTORS.

H UEBNER, BEEHLER, WORREL'C HERZIG,

ATTORNEYS.

Dec. 22, 1959 l R. D. DENING ETAL 2,917,979

ff! 7 ROBERT D. DEN/N6 LESLIE H- GARLNGHOUSE,

IN VEN TORS, HUEBNER, BEEHL Ef?, WORREL 6 HERZ/G,

@ ATTORNEYS.

COMPACTOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 27, 1956 5 W 6 4 5 7 yew if wm gwmmmn GHTMZN NGN F H R /NE Em a NUWMHT 2 aan, a i WDH. EH ma.. 1 l N BR .RE ER l1, EL au u Hw f w Dec. 22, 1959 R. D. DENING ETAL 2,917,979

v coMPAcToR Filed Feb. 27,l 1956 6 sheets-sheet e ROBERT D. DEN/NG 8 LESLIE H. GARL/NGHUUSE',

INI/ENTORS.

H UEBNER, BEEHLER, WVORREL 9 HERZIG,

ATTORNEYS.

United States Patent C) COMPACTOR Robert D. Dening, Montebello, and Leslie H. Garlinghouse, Pasadena, Calif., assignors, by direct and mesne assignments, to Garlinghouse Brothers, Los Angeles, Calif., a copartnership Application February 27, 1956, Serial No. 568,118

9 Claims. (Cl. 94-45) The invention relates to converter trains by means of which a change in power and direction is made between rotary motion and linear motion. The` present application is a continuation-in-part of application Serial No. 414,550, liled March 8, 1954. v

More particularly the invention concerns a converter train and its application to and use in connection with material working machinery by virtue of which material spread over a considerable horizontal area can be compacted, worked, spread, mixed, and so forth, while in place upon a sub-surface. The invention is particularly .useful in the conditioning of areas upon which concrete is to be spread whereby a certain depth of material can `be loosened by scarifying action for subsequent compac- :tion and by means of which cement can be spread, mixed :and watered during and after spreading and thereafter Icompacted, the compacting features of the invention being .also useful in the compaction of the sub-surface.

With the advent of power operated machinery, confsiderable attention has been given in recent years to malchinery units capable of rapidly and eifectively working over a sub-surface to place it in the best possiblecondi- 'tion for the laying of concrete. Comparable attention has also been given to the effective spreading, screening and finishing of concrete by machinery, thereby to minimize laborious operations previously-performed almost entirely by hand. The art has found thatbecause of the heavy nature of concrete and earth-working operations,y

out in any way diminishing the work done. Similarly a.

very large prop ortion of the input power can be taken advantage of without the necessity of employing burdensome, high power units. l

It is therefore `among the objects of the invention to provide a new .and improved mechanical power and direction converter train of greatly simplified construction by means of which a relatively light power source is enf abled to transmit powery by rotary motion to a converter onithe same carriage whichis capable of la great increase Vin efficiency whereby earth, concrete and similar materials can be worked andcompacted with a high degree of effectiveness. f v

Another object ofthe invention is to provide anew and improved converter by means of which rotary power from a source mounted .on a frame can be transformed into an workingl or compacting stroke actuatable in a direction generally axially with respect to the application of rotary power and at ayimechanical advantage suiiiciently great andfwith Va sutiicientlyhigh degree ofV efficiency that the application of power can be spread overa considerable I 2,917,979 Patented Dec. 22, 1959 area, thereby to speed up to a great degree the working and compacting of material.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved converter train by means of which rotary motion can be converted into work exercisable in a generally axial direction and at an increased mechanical advantage, the application of which can bevery readily controlled by movement of the power applicator upwardly or downwardly, the application moreover being of considerable uniformity so that uniform results over considerably large areas can be assured.

More particularly among the objects of the invention is to provide a new and improved compactor for substantially horizontal and sloping surfaces whereby -earth or fill or plastic material such as concrete can be very firmly, solidly and uniformly compacted in place without the necessity ,of using a heavy roller or vehicle to transl port the compacting machinery over the surface.

Also among the more particular objects of the invention is to provide a new and improvedvcompactor for surface areas in `place on a somewhat horizontal base wherein suliicient power canbe given to the compaction units, adjusted to a desired degree that very substantial areas can be compacted uniformly and by manipulation of one or more'passages of the compacting machinery over the surface.

Furtheriamong the objects of the invention is to provide a material working implement such that it can be equipped '.to perform the operation of scarifying and mixing a surface area'under considerable power after which the area may be densely compacted and then by use of the same power. applicator provided with suitable tools material such as cement can be spread on the com pacted surface and' thoroughly mixed while spreading,Y the spreading being one'of especially even distribution as a result of the character of movement under power given to the tool carrying member.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various partsV of the device whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as. hereinafter set forth, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure'l is a side elevational View of a hand vmanipulated carriage equipped with ,the power converter train which is motor driven.

Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevational View of the power converter partly broken away.

Figure 3 is a plan view ofthe power converter device with theshaft shown in cross-section.

ligurel 4 is a vertical sectional view of the work-shoe and mounting thereforshowing a cushion support.

Y Figure 5 is a side elevational view of a power actuated carriage equipped with compacting members of relatively large capacity.

Fisgure 6 is a plan View of the device shown in Figure Y i vFigure 7 is a rear elevational View of the device shown' ner of'mounting the rotating portion of the work shoe" and the shaft connected therewith. Y

Figure l0 is a schematic representation of the work shoe showing the effect of one attitude of the workv shoepowerat a se-r with respect to the shaftwhich supplies the lected level relative to a working surface.

Figure 1l is a schematieview of another positionad' justment of the work shoe.

Figure 12 is a schematic representation of still a third position of the work shoe.

Figure 13 is a schematic view of the invention wherein a different mechanical advantage is derived by using a dii'e'rent degree of tilt for the plate.

Figure 14 is a plan view of a carriage provided with a series of compactors arranged transversely across the path of travel in line adapted particularly to the placement of concrete and similar materials on a road or driveway.

Figure 15 is a schematic view of the compacting units shown in Figure 14.

Figure 16 is a vertical sectional view of the device of Figure 14. i

Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional View showing the mounting of a section of the main drive shaft assembly ofFigures 14, 15, and 16.

Figure 18 is a plan view of another form of compactingdevice for roads and driveways showing the mounting of a single compactor and carriage therefor adapted to the compaction systematically ofthe entire Width of a roadway along the line of travel.

Figure 19 is a longitudinal sectional view` taken on the line 19--19 of Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a fragmentary vertical rear'sectional View of the translating carriage of Figure 18.

Figure 21 is a schematic view illustrating the. path of travel of the compactor of Figure 18.

Figure 22 is a vertical sectional view of the power transfer device equipped as a scarifler.

-Figure 23 is a bottom plan view of the device shown in Figure 22.

Figure 24 is a vertical sectional view of the power transfer device employed for work as a combined mixer and distributor of cementitious material.

Figure 25 is a bottom plan view of the device shown in Figure 24.

Figure 26 is a vertical sectional view of still another form of the power transfer device equipped as a light compactor.

In one of the embodiments of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration there is shown a manually manipulated carriage having a handle 11, a frame 12, and wheel brackets 13 at the lower end of which are mounted a pair of wheels 14. On the frame 12 is mounted a motor connected by meansof a belt drive 16 to a pulley 17. The pulley is keyed to a wobbler shaft 13, the shaft in turn being mounted rotatably-upon the frame 12 with the aid of a thrust collar 19. A spacer 20 may be employed to properly locate the pulley '17 with respect to the motor drive. If desired, the motor 1,5may, be employed'to drive the carriage through a belt drive 21 and a conventional mercury clutch 22.

The shaft 1S extends in an upright direction and has at its lower free end a head 23 which includes a thrust face 24 Vextending at an angle oblique to horizontal.

A stub shaft 25 extends outwardly from the thrust face a't an angle ,perpendicular to the thrust face. yThe axis of the stub shaft 25 is oblique relative to the axis of the shaft 18.

In this'particular form of the invention a material working disc 26 has a circular Aform and is provided-with ahubV 27 in which 'is aV bore 28 adapted to rotatably receive the mid-portion of the stub shaft 25. On the stub shaft is Va flange collar 29 by means of which the working disc is retained on the stub shaft, the'flange collar being designed to seatin a recess 30.` For reducing wear on the'working disc there is provided a wear-resisting shoe 31-:fastened to the working 'disc by means of screws 32. Mounted in this fashion. the working disc rotates about the Astubfshaft 25y and is adapted to'have the upper end of the Ahub 27 bear against the thrust face 24, the action of which `tends tov pass thethrus't imparted by rotation of the shaft 18 through thelheadv tothe hub-and thence, to the workingdiscxand the shoe'31. -Inspe'ct'ionof the relative locationsl of the axes of the shaft 18 and stub shaft 25 will indicate that these axes intersect at substantially the point where the stub shaft axis strikes the lower outside surface of the shoe 31.

Mounted as shown and described in connection with Figures l, 2 and 3, the working disc can be raised and lowered by tilting the handle 11. Considerable pressure can be applied to the shaft 18 when greater compaction force is needed, the force being capable of relief by tilting the shaft in an opposite direction. The carriage` can be readily manipulated about the area to be Worked by use of the handle pivoting the carriageabout one or another of the wheels 14. The device can be thus Worked uniformly over an area and worked into corners as well.

In a form of the device illustrated in Figure 4 a Working disc 25; provided with a customary work shoe 31 is mounted upon a special stub shaft 33. This shaft has a ball 34 at the lower end retained in a corresponding recess 35 by means of a retainer plate 36v also provided with a recess 37, the plate being held by screws 38. in this way the working disc has a universal connection to the stub shaft. For holding it in its true position at right angles to the axis of the stub shaft a heavy coiled spring 39 is employed bearing at one end against the top of the plate 36 and at the other end against the thrust face 24 of the head 23. Mounted in this manner if the working disc during its rotating application of force should suddenly strike a hard spot, the vdisc would be permitted to tilt slightly against the tension of the spring 39 which would absorb the shock and prevent damage to the inflexible portions of the device.

In another form of the device bymeans of which the invention is put into operation, there is shown a mobile carriage 49. The carriage `includes a chassis 41 carried by wheels 42 and powered by an engine 43. A drivers seat 44 is located behind a steering wheel 45. The chassis 41 has a rearwardiy extending portion 46 on which is mounted a frame 47. The frame includes four upwardl)l extending columns 48 slidably received in posts Y49 which are carried on the rearwardly extending portion 46 of the chassis. The columns are yjoined together at the upper ends by employment of a plate 50. A hydraulic ,cylinder 51 has one articulating part, namely, a piston rod 52 pivotally secured to an ear S3, The arrangement of hy b draulic cylinder assembly is duplicated on opposite sides of the frame as clearly shown in Figures-6 and 7. The main portion of the cylinderis carried in 'each case by the rearwardly extending portion 46of Ythe chassis. As illustrated in Figure 8 the columns -48 can be constructed of channels with the flanges adapted to ride inside of the flanges oflchannel sections which form the postsj 49.`

A seriesof compacting discs 54, 55, and 56f'are arranged in Van alternating pattern so that adjacentV discs overlap each other over a'portion ofthearea in'the line of travel of the carriage. '"The Vdisc'sand their mounting` are as'previous'ly described in'l that eachrdisc is provided with a hub 57 rotatably mounted upon a head 53 withthe axis" of rotation of the disc at an angle oblique lto the axis of a shaft 59 whichcarries thehead. Each of the shafts 59 is rotatably mounted in asuitable bearing sleeve` 6G on the frame 47. A motor 61 mounted on the frame 47 supplies power, vthe motor Vbeing connectedfthrougha belt driveL 62 Lto a gear. reducer 63 from which Van endless chain '64 vcarries .a retating motion to suitable sprockets e5 on rearward shafts 59.*'Tlhe1sprocket'for thedisc. 56' in the illustration shown is connected directly to the gear reducer and serves as a drive sprocket for the remaining sprockets. When the discs are rotated, they Yrotate each at the same speed-as the remainingdiscs and in the present arrangement all of the discs rotate in thesamedirection and in phase. Et may, however, be desirabljegon occasions to tilt the discs so that they arerespectively out. of phase.v 5 The weight .of the chassis n provides means for backingup the thrust exerted 'by-power transmitted to 4vertical .i anti-friction bearings for both rotation and thrust.

wearing shoe 91 extends roverthe entire 'surface of the der in one direction canbe'employed `to lifttheframe 47 and the discs to apply a lesser amount of 'power"than when the cylinder is manipulated to lower'the frame The discs rotate with suficient rapidity softhat `asthe7 carriage is moved over the surface to vbe compacted,'the

resulting compaction will be` in van even plane and pro-`r duce a level surface.

UnderI certain circumstances aV very"considerable amount of pressurev will be `exerted at the"ri m"ffof the disc. f' It is desirable also to minimize friction inthe converter train to as great a degree. as possible so :thatthe maximum amount'ofpower will be available wherer'v'the shoe comes into contact with the material to be worked. A mechanical arrangement to satisfy this purpose is illustrated invFigure 9 whereinA a frame 70 is Vshown in a fragmentary cross-section provided at thelower'face with a bushing 71 in which are bearing races 72'and 73. AA

shaft 74 has a portionof relatively large dimension within the bearingy faces arida portion 75 of smaller fdirnension to which is keyed a sprocket 76 retained by a nutj 77.

At the lower end the shaft terminates in acollar 7'8" toi' situar which is ainxed a head 79 jqfsuch dimension and p'rQ-por-r f tion thata considerable portionVv of `thefhea'd 'protrudes laterally with' respect to janl axis 80 lof theshaftg" On the lower side of the head isf^a"thrust face 81 againstwhich a thrust'collar 82 engages. y`In this form a stub shaft 83 is made integral with'gthe head 79 and shaft 74 so that a materialworking disel 84can rotate upon the stub shaft.r To achieve this the disc is provided with ahub 85 of relatively large diameter, andheavy section capable of absorbing considerable pressure which might bel present at the circumference of *the working disc. In the hub s a bearing recess 86`which contains bearingraces 87 and 88 retained by a 'disc' 89 and screws 90.` The bearings in the races provide -in a conventional manner A disc whereon itis heldrb'y screws 92Vcountersunk beneath the lower surface of the shoe.

Figures 10, 11 and 12vs'hovv`v the discv in several different attitudes relating to the axis of rotation. These are.4 positions which maybe different with'respect to the surface area'to be worked.' `In Figure '10, forV example, the axis 80 ofthe Y`shaftf74 intersects an axis 95 of the disc 84 at a point 96 which is coincident with the plane of a surface 97 upon which work is to. be performed. In this position of `the disc 84 as theshaft 74 rotate'sythe outer rim of the disc 84 will be progressivelypressed into contact with the surface 97 but there will be-no relative peripheral motion at the outer edge' of the disc.

In Figure 1l the point of intersection 96 is located a distance above the surface 97. When the relationship is thus as the shaft 80 rotates moving the axis 95 in a rotary direction the outermost edge of the disc84" will progressively contact the surface 97 but therewill be anl accompanying peripheral vmotion at the outer edg'elof the disc 84" in the same direction 'as the direction of rotation of the axisv 80but at a materially slower rate.

In Figure 12 the reverse effect isl shown wherein the point of intersection 96 is at a location below Athe surface 97. When this attitude prevails and the shaft 74 l is rotated, the outer circumference ofthe disc 84 as.it progressively is pressedvinto contact with ythe surface 97 will tend to rotate relatively in a direction opposite to e the direction of rotation of the shaft v74. Y

In Figure 13 a slightly different relationship' is' shown. in that a working disc v84"is tilted ata greater angle relative to a shaft 74. This makes the angular distance betweenan axis 81- for the shaftgand an axiksj95' for the disc greater than the' angular distance shownfin Figures the cross drive shaft assembly are joined together by` 10,*'1'1'and- 12;"In the'attitude and position illustrated in Figure 13 a point of intersection 96' between the axes is 'aty the surface 97.*' The result of this .different relationship canbe'readily understood Afrom the vector` diagrams'sho'wn for comparison `,in Figures l0 and 13. The vector diagrams alsoassist in illustrating y the effect of vtheconversionof rotary motion to motion in a generally endwise direction relative to the axis of rotation. In Fig'f- V ure 10,'for example, the power input to the shaft `74 'is' converted to power output at the rim of the disc 8 4 ina direction perpendicular to the surface of the working shoe 'This can be illustrated by the vector 100.: The resultant forces are illustrated by a vector 101' which represents 'the force perpendicular to the surface 97"'or,V

in other words, the useful'yve'ctor'for compacting purposes and aihorizontal component illustrated by the vec'- torj102. When the axis is perpendicular to "the surface'97,` theuseful vector101'is parallel to theaxis 80. A `Making a comparison between the relationship illustrated in', Figure 10 and that illustrated in Figure 13, it will be 'noted that, allowing for a slightly different distance between'thelaxis 80 and the'point at which the disc S4"strikes' the surface 97 as a result of a slightly different inclination, the vertical component illustrated by a vector 104 is appreciably less and the horizontal component lillustrated by vector 105 is correspondingly greater where vthese are resultants of the initially applied vforce illustrated by a vector 106. The vector 106 is comparable to the forcey illustrated by the vector 100 except for a slight difference in mechanical advantage which would result in a slightly different initially applied force to thesurface 97 and this would be slightly greater in the example of Figure 13k than in the example of Figure l0.

Conversely,.should"the anglebetween the rshaft and the disc be made less than the angular relationship illustra-ted in Figure l0, a greater proportion of the applied force would be in a direction parallel to the axis 80 with a lesser amount of that force being applicable in a horizontaldirection. The amount of force applied can, of course, befvariedv by varying the radius of the' disc" 84 for the same amount of power input.

In'the form of the invention illustrated in Figures 14', 15, 16 Aand 17 the apparatus is set up in a form particularly well adapted to the compacting and working of a i highway road bed and the placement of concrete thereon.

AsV -shown the road bed is indicated by the reference.

Flanged wheels 114 on the carriage are adaptedtomride The carriage includes parallel4 directly on the forms. transversely extending beams 115 and 116 axed to side plates 117 and 118 suitably braced by brackets v119. A motor 120 is supported upon a motor 'base 121 and legs 123 upon a channel 128. Through a belt drive 124 the motor rotates a cross drive shaft assembly 125 which extends from one end tothe other of the carriage. `To preserveoa desired independence of action, sections of universaljoints 125. The cross drive isysupported yat spaced;A intervals in bearings 126 hungupon brackets 127.' ,For convenience and strength the channell28 may be extended throughout the length of the crossfdrive also e.

to support the brackets 127 and bias braces 129;;y

In the example shownethere kareten working discs 131) l evenly' spaced throughout the' entire distance'betweenthe forms-(11u17` and i112, the discs being placed clo'se enough together-so that -little or nospace'is left upon theroad frbed between them in operation.f For each of the working discs-'130, there is provided a vertical wobblerv shaft 131about which the discs 130 have theirV wobble-likerriovement. s:

v128. V1Bevel gears'133 and134 connect the crfoss'dri've.

adjust the discs at a desired distance above either the road bed 110 or below a level 135 determined by the lower edge of a screed 136 positioned beneath the carriage. To accomplish this the channel 128 is adapted-toV move and to -be moved in a vertical direction. The

channel carries-with it all of the discs, the motor and then The movement is readily provided driving connections. for by employment of va parallelogram mounting ernbodied in pairs of parallel arms 137 and 138 mounted at equally spaced locations 139, 140, 141, 142, etc., across the breadth of the carriage and upon the beam 11,6. An A'frame 147 may be located above the pair of parallel arms at each location for mounting an adjustable coiled spring 144. Adjusting mechanism 145 may be provided at the point where the spring is attached to the A frame to raise and lower the spring, thereby to alter the positions o-f the discs 130 with respect to the road bed.V Inasmuch as the coiled spring is always interposed between the point of application of power of the disc and the carriage, there will be provided a damper or cushioner to minimize transfer of vibrations and the jar of impactof the discs with hard spots from the carriage.

In the operation of this device the carriage may be moved over the road bed 110 initially to compact the sub at one end byan agle piece 177- andV by a base plate 178. The base plate provides a base for the mounting of a motor 179.

The compactor supportis adapted to be moved up and down ina vertical direction with respect to the frame and the carriage-by means of a parallelogram mounting embodied in pairs of .arms 180 and.181. Respective ends of thearms 180 and 181 are connected to webs 182 on the side plate 173. Opposite ends of the arms are connected to webs 183 of the adjacent plate 165 of the carriage. Mountedvin this fashion the compactor support is limited to a vertical position while it moves up and down. To set the. location of the compactor support at a desired elevation there is provided a hydraulic ram 190, a lower-end of lwhich is secured to a bracket 191 on the plate 165 at the left, as viewed in Figures 18 and 19. A piston rod 192 of the ram is connected to a suitable bracket on the side plate 174 of the compactor support. By manipulation of suitable conventional hydraulic controls-the piston rod can be extended and contracted, thereby respectively to move the compactor support up and down.l Moreover the location of the hydraulic ram on the side of the compactor support opposite from the pairs of parallelogram arms lends a considerable degree of stability and balanced support for the compactor support on the traveling frame. Y

Following the general arrangement already described in connection with preceding figures, a belt drivev193 is level the surface with a single passage of the carriage over the area to be worked.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figures 18, 19, 20 and 2l there is provided a carriage for working material on a road bed wherein the entire distance across the road Ibed can be progressively worked by manipulation of a single compacting and working discs mounted on a movable carriage which is capable of shifting lateral ly back and forth across the road bed as the'V carriage progresses in a line of travel along the road bed.V

In this form of invention for the working of a road bed defined by combination forms and tracks 151 and 152 there is provided a carriage 153 comprising end plates 154 and 155. Transverse beams 156 and 157 in the form of channels extend across the road bed securing the end plates one to the other, the channels and end plates having-reinforcing brackets 158. Wheels 159 offlanged type carry the carriage upon the form-. tracks 151 and 152.

On the inside face of each of the channels 156 and 157 i."

another roller 167 for operating in a horizontal direction against the innermost face of the rail in each case. Horizontal angle pieces `168 at the bottom of theframe connect the plates V together and these "are diagonally braced by angle pieces 169. "Constructed in this fashionAV there is an open central area 170 in the frame.

In order to satisfactorily manipulate a materialworking disc 171 which is employed for compacting and otherwise Working material on the road bed there is provided a compactor support 172. The compactor support comprises side plates in the form of channels 173 and 174,a.v

bottom plate 175;,the top s of the side plates being secured support.

connected between the motor 179 and a drive shaft 194 from which by means of bevelled gears and 196 power'is employed to rotate a wobbler shaft 197 rotatably contained in a bushing 198. The bushing 198 being mountedon cross braces 199 thereby fixes the mounting of the working disc.171 with respect to the compactor The connection of theV working disc 171'in a rotating position on a -stub shaft within a hub 200 follows structure hereinbefore described.

In operation ofthe device described in connectionwit-h Figures 18, 19, 2O and 2l the carriage is being moved by appropriate conventional means or by hand along'the road bed V151) in the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 21. The movement is preferably by small increments during which time the frame 162 travels crosswise of the road bed by means of the rollers 163, 164 and 167 rolling lalong respective faces of the track head V1 61. The resulting direction traveled by the carriage 162Vv is illustrated by broken lines 201, 202, etc., of Figure 21. Moved at a proper rate of speed the material working disc 171 compacts and works a path as wide as its outermost circumference and therefore `asit travels back and forth, as indicated in Figure 21, with a predetermined degree of overlapping the. entire surface of either the road* bed 150 or a sur-faceV 203 of material applied thereto is compacted and smoothed as. indicated in Figure 19.

The hydraulic ram 1.90 can be employed as described to raise and lower the position of the lworking disc 171, the hydraulic system being also capable of serving as a Ycushion by inclusion in the hydraulicY system of a release valve loaded to release at a predetermined pressure and following somewhat conventional practice for systems of this kind. n

In addition to conipacting other operations of the material working disc may be needed in the preparation of ,an area such as a road bed and in the application of cementitious material thereto. To facilitate such other operations the material working disc of the carriages heretofore descrlbed may take some 'alter-nater form such as is illustrated in Figures 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the working disc in the form of a scariiier. As there shown aworking disc 207 has a base plate. '2.98 applied thereto by means of screws 209. The hase pla-tc is equipped with a series of picks 210 having somewhat pointed ends and arranged at `spaced locations about'the perimeter of .the baseV plate 203. -The disc is mounted `in thev usual fashion Lbyf-use ofbearings 211 andvlv; in

`about a stubvshaft-214 which is fcarried onan axis 215 oblique with respect to an axis 216 of a wobbler shaft 217. The stub shaft following previously described structure extends downwardly from a thrust face Y219 of ahead 218. The wobbler shaft is shown rotatably mountedi by 'appropriate means in a section 220 of some suitableframe or support.

In operation the disc 207 is rotated in the customary manner. Rotation causes the picksz 210Ito reciprocate up and down in a slightly arcuate picking direction. When the line of travel is in the direction of the arrow of Figure 22, the picks will tend'to disintegrate a portion t 221 of earth or other material to' be worked. The picking action will be substantially confined to a distance equal to the difference inelevation between a surface 222 and a lower surface 223. Loosened material 224 may be reworked by the picks by reversing the direction 0f travel of the disc 207, without however it being necessary to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft 217.

Where occasions require application of material such as concrete to a compacted surface 230, as illustrated in Figure 24, or perhaps where cement and water or other ingredients can be mixed with 'soil acting as a soil cement for producing a hardened surface, it may be desirable to both mix and apply material to a sub-surface with one operation in order to minimize costs. In such instances there maybe employed a material working assembly such as that illustrated in Figures 24 and 25. As there shown there has been substituted upon the shaft 217 and stub shaft 214 a hub 231 equipped with radially outwardly extending paddles 232 spaced circumferentially and having a form larger at the outer ends than atthe inner ends as readilyillustrated in Figure 24. A cap 233 is adapted to close a recess 234 inside of the hub. Attached to the frame 220 is a feed hopper 235 having an exit openingr236 located immediately above the surface 230 and opening generally in a direction toward the paddles. Spray pipes 237 are shown bent to enclose the paddles, the spray pipes being provided with nozzles 238 positioned to direct water over the top of the paddles and the material which maybe Worked by the paddles. Brackets 239 may be employed to secure the spray pipes to the frame. Similar brackets 240 are employed to attachthe hopper to the frame. In operation the'frame can be traversed over the surface 230 by some suitable carriage such as that heretofore described. Dry cement 241 in the hopper is permitted to fiow out through the exit opening 236, there to be churned and mixed with l material dug up from the surface 230 by action of points 242 on thepaddles. At the same time a proper amount of water isi continuously sprayed over the cement and earth mixture stirred up by the paddles, the result being an intimate mixture of cement, earth and water left at a. relatively smooth regular surface 243 by action of one or morey of the material working means exemplified by the paddles. The motion of the paddles is such that they dig downwardly into material below the surface 230 and by reason of properly locating the point of inter` section of the axis of the stub shaft with the shaft 217, the paddlesr willalso have a rotary motion. and will be moved along the line of travel indicated by the arrow to the end that a thorough churning of the several substances Vwill result as well as the aggregate mixture being left in a level condition.

On tho-se occasions where a light compaction or perhaps screeding of the surface is needed, the material working disc can'take the form of a hollow disc 250 having a troweling face 251 and side walls 252. The hollow disc may be applied to a hub 253 by means of screws 254 vand the hub attached to the head 218 carried by 1G 'Y From the foregoing description it will be appreciated that the converter train forming the basis of the sundry inventive subject matter herein depicted by making possible conversion of rotary motion to a component parallel to the axis of rotation of the initial rotary input makes possible employment of a considerable number and variety of machine assemblies which greatly facilitate the working of material and especially the working of material in place upon a surface whether the surface be horizontal or somewhat sloping. As long as the carriage may be moved over the surface, maintaining a position generally upright with respect to the surface, action of the converter can be taken advantage of. Further by reason of interposing adjusting means whereby the level of activity of the material working disc can beset at will with respect to the material being worked, surfaces having a considerable degree of irregularity can be worked just as successfully as comparatively level surfaces. Moreover, by reason of the fact that the converterV is a particularly efficient power converter acting with a high degree of mechanical advantage and at relatively high.

mixing, and screeding with equal effectiveness dependent only upon a proper adjustment of mounting means for the material working member on some suitable carrying agency. v

While we have herein shown and described our invention in what we have conceived to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is recognized that departures may be made therefrom within'the scope of our invention, which is not to be limited to the details disclosed herein but is to be accorded the full scope of the claims so as to embrace any and all equivalent devices.

Havingdescribed our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A portable compacting device comprising a carriage,

on the carriage enabling up and down movement of the frame on the carriage relative to said area, and a series of compacting members mounted in staggered relation@V ship on the frame, each compacting member comprising,y a shaft rotatably mounted in upright position on the frame and operably connected to said source of power, a lower free end of each shaft extending to a location above said area, a head on each free` end extending laterally of the axis of the respective shaft, an effective thrust area on each head facing obliquely downwardly', a compacting disc having a freely rotatable mounting on the head with the axis kof rotation at an oblique angle to said shaft, said axis of rotation having an intersection with the axis of rotation of the shaft 'at a llocation adjacent the engagement of the disc with said area to rbe compacted, said discs having positions partially overlapping vwhen moved along said selected direction, and

frame. adjusting means for moving said frame down' wardly and applying a predetermined pressure to the` saidv adjusting meansfor moving the frame selectively towardand away from said area. y

2. A portable compacting device comprising a carriage,l

wheels on the carriage adapted to move said' carriage over an area to be compacted in a selectedjline of travel, a sourceof rotating power mounted on the carriage, a frame, a mounting movably supporting the frame on the carriage enabling up and down movement of-the frame relative to.said area,.and a series of three compacting freely rotatable mounting on the head with the axis 'ofV rotation at right angles to said face, an cifective face on the disc in rotatable engagement with said first named thrust disc, said discs having overlapping locations relative to the next adjacent disc in said line of travel of the carriage, and pairs of frame adjusters for moving said frame downwardly and applying a predea termined pressure to the discs, and said adjusters having vertically operating relatively moving parts located one on the carriage and one on the frame and means operably associated with said adjustor having a range of movement downwardly enabling moving the discs to a location below an initial level of said areas and alternatively away from said area while the discs are being rotated in a compacting operation.

3. A portable compacting device comprising a cari riage, wheels on the carriage adapted to transport the carriage over an area to be compacted in a selected line of travel, a frame mounted on the carriage in a direction transverse to said line of travel and mountings between the frame and the carriage enabling Vertical movement of the frame relative to the carriage and said area, a yieldable pressure loading element between the frame and the carriage normally biased to face the frame toward said area, a power element having mutually movable parts respectively on the carriage and on the frame and adapted to raise and lower said frame relative to the carriage, a jointed horizontal drive shaft rotatably mounted on the frame and extending transversely to said line of travel, power means on the carriage operably connected to said drive shaft, a series of spaced upright wobbler shafts each having a separate rotatable mounting on the frame and operably connected to said drive shaft, a head on the lower end of each wobbler shaft, an obliquely downwardly facing thrust area on said head and a compacting disc having a freely rotatable mounting on the head and in rotatable engagement with said thrust face, each said disc having a separate axis of rotation oblique relative to the axis of the wobbler shaft, each said disc having a separate portion of said area of contact contiguous to ,A

the next adjacent portion.

4. A working and handling unit for material on a Work surface comprising a carriage adapted to support and move the unit over said surface, a power actuatable shaft rotatably mounted on the carriage in an upright position, said shaft having a lower free end located above and adjacent the surface, a head on one side of said free end, an obliquely downwardly facing effective thrust area on said head', a work axle extending downwardly from said head and said thrust area at an oblique angle rela- L.

tive to the shaft, a material handling member having a freely rotatable mounting on the axle in thrust relationship to said thrust area and said head, and a series of downwardly directed Vcircumferentially spaced pick extensions on said member and spaced outwardly from the center thereof, said extensions having a movement following a circularly progressive path traveling forwardly along said line of travel and directed in a repetitive arcuate generally downward direction through said suri face and return.

5. A working and handling unit for material on ay work surface comprising a carriage adapted to support and move the unit over said surface Yalong a selected line of travel, a power actuatable shaft rotatably mounted on` the. carriage in an upright position, said shaft having a LII free end located above and adjacent the surface, a head on said free end on one side of said shaft, a work axle on said head at a location spacedfrom saidshaft and extending downwardly from said head at an oblique angle relative to the shaft, a material handling member having a freely rotatable mounting on the axle in thrust rela'- tionship to said head, a series of downwardly facing and circumferentially spaced extensions on said member adapted to move in an arcuate repetitive generally downward and upward direction with respect to said surface and having a circularly progressive action about the axis of said axle, and a material feeding hopper on the car riage at a location generally forward with respect to the location of said member and having an exit opening adjacent the extensions whereby to direct material to th extensions for working into said surface.

6. A working and handling unit for material on a` work surface comprising a carriage adapted to support and move the unit over said surface, a power actuatable shaft rotatably mounted on the carriage in an upright position, said shaft having a free end located above and adjacent the surface, a head on said free end having a generally downwardly facing thrust face at an oblique angle relative to horizontal, a work axle extending downwardly from said face at an angle normal thereto, a material handling member rotatably mounted on the axle in thrust relationship to said face, and a series of downwardly directed circumferentially spaced extensions on said member adapted to move in an arcuate generally downward direction toward said surface and to simultaneously rotate about the axis of said'axle, a material feeding hopper on the carriage having an exit opening adjacent the extensions, and a liquid carrying spray mounted on the carriage above said extensions having outlet nozzles directed to the portion of said surface operated upon by said extensions.

7. A portable compacting device comprising a carriage, wheels on the carriage adapted to move said carriage over an area to be compacted, a source of rotating power mounted on the carriage, a frame, a mounting movably supporting the frame on the carriage enabling up and down movement of the frame on the carriage relative to said area, and a series of compacting members mounted in staggered relationship on the frame and with edges thereof at locations overlapping relative to movement of the carriage over the area in compacting relationship relative to said area, each compacting member comprising a shaft rotatably mounted in upright position on the frame and operably connected to said source of power, a lower free end of each shaft extending to a location above said area, a head on said free end located onone sidey of the shaft, a downwardly facing effective thrust face on the head and tilted at an angle oblique from horizontal, and a compacti'ng disc having a freely rotatably mounting on each head with the axis of rotation at an oblique angle to said shaft, the axis of said disc having a point of intersection with said axis of said shaft at a location Vwhich is spaced from said shaft a distance which is at least equal to the distance of the center of the working face of said disc from the shaft.

8. A portable compacting device comprising a carriage, wheels on the carriage adapted to transport the carriage in a selected line of travel over an area to be compacted, a frame extending across said area transverse to said line of travel and mountings between the frame and the carriage supporting the frame in a posi tion enabling vertical movement of the frame relative to the carriage and said area, means for vertically moving said frame relative to said carriage and said area, f

mounted on the frame and operably connected to said drive shaft, said wobbler shafts being spaced one from another in a transverse direction along said frame and having each a free lower end, a head on the lower end of each wobbler shaft offset laterally on one side and a separately acting compacting disc having a freely rotatable mounting on each head on an axis of rotation oblique relative to the axis of the wobbler shaft, said discs having locations tangent to each other throughout the lengths of said frame whereby to establish a continuous compacted path of uniform consistency by operation of the separate discs, each said disc having a downwardly facing working face, the axis of rotation of the disc having a point of intersection with the axis of the shaft at an effective location which is spaced from the shaft a distance which is at least equal to the distance of the center of the working face of said disc from the shaft.

9. A portable compacting device comprising a carriage, Wheels on the carriage adapted to transport the carriage over an area to be compacted in aselected line of travel, a pair of tracks on the carriage extending transversely to the line of travel of the carriage, sets of rollers on the frame movable on said tracks whereby the frame moves from side to side of the carriage during travel of said carriage over the area, a compactor support mounted on the frame, a power actuated wobbler shaft rotatably mounted on the support having a free lower end, a head on said lower end at one side of the shaft, a thrust area on said head facing obliquely downwardly and a compacting disc having a freely rotating mounting on the thrust area of said head on an axis oblique relative to theaxis of the wobbler shaft and perpendicular relative to'said thrust area, said disc having a reciprocating vertical motion in a progressive substantially circular direction about said last named axis whereby to form a compacted path on said area to be compacted in alternate obliquely forward and transverse directions progressing at intervals productive of a compacted area between opposite sides of said carriage, a downwardly facing working face on the disc, the axis of said disc having a point of intersection with the axis of the shaft substantially at a location which is spaced from said shaft a distance which is at least equal to the distance of the center of the working face of the disc from the shaft.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 20,980 Weeks July 20, 1858 682,999 Reid Sept. 17, 1901 1,337,953 Popkess Apr. 20, 1920 1,828,576 Palatini Oct. 20, 1931 2,149,668 Crosthwaite Mar. 7, 1939 2,201,493 Jorgensen May 21, 1940 2,209,710 Wood July 30, 1940 2,257,258 Hulsebos Sept. 30, 1941 2,278,657 Kline Apr. 7, 1942 2,438,159 Faber Mar. 23, 1948 2,468,981 Huffman May 3, 1949 2,489,041 Manseau Nov. 22, 1949 2,539,436 Kost Jan. 30, 1951 2,601,277 Green .lune 24, 1952 2,754,733 Beyer July 17, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 441,228 Great Britain Jan. 15, 1936 639,457 Germany Dec. 5, 1936 69,589 Denmark July 4, 1949

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