US291139A - James e - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I J E BOYLE '2 SheetsSheet; 1.

FLUSHING- APPARATUS FOR WATER GLOSETS.

-Patented Jan. 1, 1884.

WITNESSES: |NVENTOR- 3m (3am water-level in the tank.

trio-a.

JAMES E. BOYLE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

FLUSHING APPARATUS FOR wATER-oLosETsf SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Nb. 291,139, dated January 1, 1884,

Application filed March 12, 1883. (No model.)

To [LZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Janus E. BOYLE, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Flushing Apparatus for Tater-Glosets, of which the following is a specification.

- This invention relates'to water-closets of the same general character as that described in my Patent No. 255,485, dated March 28, 1882, and has for its principal object to cheapen and Sim plify the overhead flushing apparatus.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows the preferred form of my invention in vertical section,the tank being connected with a water-closet bowl of the character shown in my said patent. Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the same construction of tank in two different conditions. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections of two modified forms of tanks, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing another modification.

Referring to Fig. 1, A is the bowl, and Bthe soil-passage leading therefrom and forming traps G and D and intervening air-space, (l. E is the service tank or cistern, supplied with water through a float-valve, which keeps it filled normally to the level shown. F is the flushing-chamber; l, the flushing-pipe leading down from the bottom of this chamber to the flushing-rim k of the bowl, and e the air-pipe or suction-pipe leading from the air-space d to the top of the chamber F. These parts are all of substantially the same construction as the like-lettered parts in my said patent, except in the particulars hereinafter described. The chamber F is arranged wholly below the tank E, with the exception of an upward extension through the tank formed by a tube, F, to the top of which the vent-pipe f is connected. There need be no check-valve in this pipe. The suction'pipe e rises through the chamber F, inside the tube F, and nearly to the top of the latter, its open upper end being above the Inside the tube F is fixed a tube or air-bell, n, the top of which extends slightly above the top of the pipe 6, and is closed, and the bottom of which is open and extends nearly to the bottom of the chamber F. Inside of the tube a, and between it and the pipe 6, is placed a pipe, 0', the upper end of which is op en and extends preferably above the Water-level in the tank E, but not so high as the top of the pipe 6, and the bottom of which extends through the bottom of the chamber F and connects with a passage-way, s, formed'in a casting, G, which is fastened beneath the chamber. This casting extends to the right, and the outlet-orifice i, at the bottom of the chamber, opens into it. Beneath this orifice the flushing-pipe l is connected to the casting G. The orificet' is surrounded witha pendent flange or short downwardly-projecting tube which depends into the casting G, and this orifice and casting, in connection with the flushingpipe Z, form a suction-injector, I, the operation of which causes a suction through the passage (lettered it) formed by the tube 1* and passage-way s, as will be presently ex plained.

There is but one valve-the valve h-closing the inlet-opening h to the chamber F. This opening should be about three inches in diameter, and the outlet-orifice i should be about three fourths or seven-eighths of an inch in diameter, or the two may be of other dimensions in approximately the same proportion. The valve h is connected byastem or chain to a weighted lever, 9, which keeps the valve normally closed, and is operated to open it by a pull connected to it through a wire or chain, q, in any usual manner. The overfiowpipe m is shown as passing through the valve h and serving as its stem. This pipe is trapped by a cup, m, which incloses its lower end and rises and falls with it.

In my said patent the flushing-chamber F is a sealed chamber, and operates during the flushing to produce a suction in the pipe 0 by means of avaeuum. In my present invention the flushing-chamber is not sealed, and consequently is not a vacuum-chamber, and the suction is produced in great part by the action of the injector I, as will presently be described.

The operation of my invention will be best understood from the diagrams, Figs. 2 and 3. In these the pipe 0 is not shown as passing through the pipe 1", but for elearness the two ward extension F are exaggerated. The norare placed side by side, and the bell n and up- ICO or other suitable appliance, the valve his liftedand water from the tank E commences to flow rapidly into the chamber F, and immediately thereafter to flow outward through the orifice i. Fig. 2 shows the parts in this condition. As the inlet-orifice h has about sixteen times the area of the outlet-orifice i, the water enters the chamber F much more rapidly than it can escape from it, and quickly fills the chamber, expelling the air through the tube F and pipe f. By the time the chamber is thus filled the water running out through the orificei and descending the flushing-pipe will commence to flow into the bowl A, and the user hearing it will then naturally release the pull, whereupon the valve h will drop back to its seat. The water contained in the flushing-chamber will then continue to flow out through the orifice 2' until the chamber is emptied. Fig. 3 shows the apparatus shortly after the valve h is closed. From the time the water entering the chamber reaches the orifice z until the chamber is emptied there is a continuous stream of water flowing out through this orifice, falling through the cavity or injectorehamber in the casting G, and flowing down the flushing-pipe. In crossing the cavity in the casting it encounters and carries with it a portion of air, and so creates a partial vacuum in this cavity in the manner common to injectors. This partial vacuum or suction extends up through the passage t into the hell it, from which it draws the air for an instant, and until the water in the chamber F rises above the bottom end of this bell and so seals it and prevents any further flow of air into it. The rarefaction rapidly increases from that instant, and air is drawn up through the pipe e and from the space (I. The effect of this rarefaction is to siphon the trap C or cause the water to flow over from this trap and fall into the trap D, and this siphoning proceeds rapidly until the water-level in the bowl A is lowered to the outlet-opening a, whereupon air enters the space (I from the bowl and breaks the vacuum. This breaking of the vacuum should occur shortly after the first of the flushing-water reaches the bowl, and thereafter the water enters the bowl and is as rapidly drawn out by the siphoning of the trap, thereby causing a powerful outflow through the bowl and soilpassage, which carries with it the entire contents of the bowl. In the course of this operation the vacuum may be broken several times by entrance of air from the bowl. In any case the rarefaction in the bell n will cause the water to rise to a greater height in it than in the chamber F, as shown in Fig. 3, and if the suction is sufficiently strong the water in the bell will be drawn up to the top of the piper, and

will descend through the passage t, mixed with air. Thus the water will be drawn from the chamber F to the pipe Z through two conduits simultaneously. The rarefa ction in the bell 11, pipe 6, and space (1 will continue until the water in the chamber has so far run out as to unseal the bottom of the bell, whereupon the vacuum is broken finally by the entrance of air into the bell, and thereupon the remaining water will fiow into the bowl as an afterwash, and will fill it up to the level shown, leaving it ready for the next use of the closet. The precise operation will depend upon the proportioning of the parts, as by altering the relative capacities of the trap 0, space (1, pipe 6, bell a, passage 1, and chamber F, and the relative areas of the orifices h and i the operation might be considerably modified.

I have stated that the person using the closet will naturally release the pull when he hears the water pouring into the bowl, and if the parts are so proportioned that when this occurs the chamber F will be filled, the operation will almost invariably be satisfactory. If he should release the pull too quickly, the only result would be a proportionately shorter flush, and if he should hold the pull too long, the flush would be unnecessarily prolonged, the only disadvantage of which would be a waste of more or less water. To prevent the latter contingency a self-seating valve may be used, as the valve 71. The valve shown in my Patent No. 249,577, dated November 17, 1881, will answer the purpose well.

Fig. 4 shows a modification in which a valve of this character is used, in connection with a different lever arrangement. The wire q is to be connected to the water-closet seat, and the weight on the lever tends to lift the valve. The parts are shown in full lines in the normal position. lVhen the seat is depressed, the le ver is tilted to the position shown in dotted lines, thereby forcing down the piston 12 in the cylinder 10, which is fixed to the valve h. The piston has a euppedleather packing, which permits the water to escape around it during its downward movement. The parts remain thus until the user rises from the seat, where upon the lever is tilted by its counter-weight back to its normal position, and the piston o is lifted. The piston in lifting carries with it by suction the cylinder 10, and so lifts the valve h to the position shown in dotted lines. The cylinder 10 has a small inlet-conduit or leakpassage, adjusted by ascrew, z, and as water slowly enters through this conduit the valve slowly descends, and finally seats itself. The adjustment should be such that the valve will seat itself as soon as the chamber F is filled. In other respects the operationis the same as already described. The over flow-pipe m is placed at one side and fixed in place, and its lower end is sealed in a fixed cup, m.

Fig. 5 shows how two valves may be used, the arrangement of the valves and the lever IIO being the same as in mysaid Patent No. 255,485. The outlet-orifice i is made larger than in the construction before described, and the valve j, fixed to the stem to, works up and down through this orifice and, when lowered, seats itself on the bottom of the casting G, over the orifice 2", whence the flushing-pipe leads. The valve nearly fills the orifice i, the area of the intervening annularspace beingaboutthesame as of the orifice 1'- in Fig. 1. The two valves are so arranged that when the lever is at midstroke both are seated; but when the lever is at either extremity of its stroke one valve is seated and the other is lifted. The upward extension F and bell nare no longer distinct, and a check-valve, g, is interposed between the interior of the bell and the air-pipe f leading from its top.

The parts are shown in their normal position. \Vhen the seat is depressed, the valve 7' is seated and the valve h is lifted. The chamber F is quickly filled through the orifice h, and water flows thence into the bell n, the air therein escaping through the valve '9. ater also flows through the annular opening 1', and fills the passage 16 to the same level. The chamber F, hell it, and passaget remain full until the seat is released, whereupon the valve h closes and the valve j opens. The water from the passage t and chamber F then commences to run out into the pipe I, the former flowing the more rapidly and instantly producing a suction, which should suffice to lift the water in the bell a and cause it to flow down the passage 1. The water from the chamber F flows out through the annular orifice 2', and descends through the flushing-pipe, and acts to cause a suction or rarefaetion in the same manner as in Fig. 1. This construction causes a more powerful and rapid suction than the other, but I prefer 7 that first described because of its greater cheapness, as its action is practically sufficient.

It will be seen that my present invention introduces a new principle for operating double trapped or siphon water-closets namely, that of producing the requisite vacuum by causing the falling flushing-water to act as an injector and draw air along with it. I have combined with this means for securing the requisite after-wash 7 F to refill the bowl at the termination of the flushing, which is practically the same as that set forth in my said Patent No. 255,485; but it is not essential that this means of securing the afterw'ash be used;

The diagram, Fig. 6, is designed to illustrate the essential principle of my present invention even more clearly than the preceding figures. The air-pipe 0 does not enter the chamber F, but is connected by a branch with the flushingpipc Z below the chamber, the injector I being arranged at their junction. The valve g is shown merely to prevent water setting back and flowing down the pipe e, since the top of this pipe is below the water-levelw to, instead of above it, as before. No provision for securing an after-wash is here shown, but the bowl may be refilled after the flushing by any suitable means, as by water admitted by a valve through an independent flushingpipe.

I claim as my invention- 1. A flushing apparatus for water-closets, consisting of a reservoir-tank, a flushing-chamber adapted to be filled therefrom, a valve controlling the admission of water from said tank to said chamber, a suction-injector arranged beneath the outlet from said chamber, a flushing-pipe leading from said injector, and a suction or air pipe communicating with said injector, all combined and arranged substantially as set forth, whereby the water in escaping from said chamber into the flushing-pipe traverses said injector, and sucks the air from said suction-pipe.

2. The combination of a reservoir-tank, a flushing-chamber, a valve controlling the ad mission of water from said tank to said chamher, a suction-pipe terminating at the upper part of said chamber, an injector beneath the outlet from said chamber, a flushing-pipe leading downward from said injector, and a sue tion-passage afi'ording communication from said injector to said suction-pipe, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. Afiushing apparatus for water'closets, consisting of a reservoir-tank, a flushing-chamber, a valve controlling the admission of water from said tank to said chamber, a su ction-inj ector beneath the outlet from said chamber, a flushingpipeleadingdownwardfromsaidinjector,asuetion or air pipe opening into the upper part of said chamber, and a suction-passage extending from said pipe to said injector, whereby the passage of water through said injector into the flushing-pipe will develop a suction in said suction-passageand suction-pipe, in combination with means, substantially as described, for admitting air to said suction passage or pipe, and so breaking the vacuum therein before all the water has escaped from the chamber,whereby an after-washis secured, all combined and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

4. In combination, the tank E, the chamber F, provided with inlet-orifice h and outlet-orifice 1', the valve 71, the suction-injector I, the flushing-pipe Z, the air-pipe e, the suctionpassage 1 and the air-bell 12, substantially as set forth.

5. A flushing apparatus for a water-closet, consisting of the combination of a reservoirtank, a flushing-chamber provided with an inlet-orifice of large area communicating with said tank, and with an outlet-orifice of contracted area proportioned to the area of said inlet-orifice, substantially as specified, a valve adapted to close said inlet-orifice, an air-pipe opening into said flushing-chamber, and a flushing-pipe leading from said outlet-orifice, In witness whereof Ihave hereunto signed 10 all arranged and adapted to operate substanmy name in the presence of two subscribing tially as set forth. witnesses.

6. The combination, with tank E and chamber F, of the valve h thereof, its stem con- 1 JAMES E. BOYLE. sisting of an overflow-tube, m, and a sealingcup, m, below the valve, in which cup the g \Vitnesses:

l ARTHUR O. FRASER, HENRY CONNETT.

lower end of the overflow-tube is immersed, substantially as set forth.

Images