US290551A - James w - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. W. EASTON.

DYNAMIIO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 290,551. Patented Dec. 18, 1883.

& Ma /z ze'ld a n eZ- II II WITNESSES: INVENTOR PATENT JL LAG JAMES XV. EASTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHENE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 290,551, dated December 18, 1883.

Application filed February 19, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES XV. Ellsrox, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented con tain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo- Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on line 00 .c, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, of an armature, commutator, and driving-shaft of a dynamo-electric machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective. Fig. 4 is a detail modification, and Fig. 5 is an elevation, partly sectional, of my improved pole-pieces for the armatures of electric generators.

My invention has relation to dynamo-electric machines, and has especial reference to the formation of the armature and the polepieces, whereby a simple and inexpensive construction of dynamo-electric machines is provided, wherein the heating of the armatures is prevented, and the removal of the armatures from the machine is effected without disarranging all the parts of the machine.

My invention accordingly further consists of the novel combination, construction, and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, having reference particularly to the provision of an armature consisting of a frame-work of veneering of wood or other suit able material, a coil of iron wire wound around the periphery of said frame, a series of bobbins or helices, and a series of fans for forcing a current of air through said coils, and to the provision oipole-pieces for the armature, which are made in two parts, whereby one of which may be disconnected from the other, to permit of the removal of the armature from the machine without disturbing the connections of the latter or disarranging its parts.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

' A represents the driving-shaft of a dynamoelectric machine, designed to be mounted or have its bearings in any suitable frame. The

latter is not shown in the drawings, as it forms The armature B is constructed as follows:

D represents a ring, of wood or other nonconductor, having side flanges, dd, and a series of perforations, d, in its periphery. lVithin the central opening, (P, of said ring are placed three or more wire rings, (1, or the latter may be of wood or other material tacked to or formed integral with the ring D, as indicated in Fig. 4-. Around the circumference of ring D, and between itsflanges d d, is wound a helix of uninsulated iron wire, E. The latter is flush with the edges of the flanges d d, as shown. The iron-wire helix E serves as the core for the armature, and is dpsigned to be wound so that there will be a slight interstice between adjacent coils for the passage of air, as hereinafter explained.

F F represent aseries of helices wound transversely to the iron-wire helix E, and between the helices F are interposed hollow wooden or other blocks G G. These blocks are so made that their inner chambers or hollow spaces 9 g communicate with the airchambers D, formed between the ring D and the helices F, by the interposition of the wire or wooden rings (1. The blocks G have closed upper ends, 9, and open bottoms g, with projecting side or lip 9, located within the central opening of the an mature, as shown. The blocks Ghavc closed bottoms g and open upper ends, By such arrangement the armature B is provided with a series of internal air-chambers, D, inletopenings D and outlets D", so that as it rotates the projecting sides g of the blocks G serve as fan-blades to force a current of air into the induction-openings D", thence into chambers D, thence through the perforations d in wooden ring D, thence through the coils E and F and eduction-openings D. A current or successive currents of air are thereby forced through the armature as it rotates by means of devices attached to said armature. Such air passing around and through the coils of the helices prevents undue heating of the same. The armature is therefore thoroughly ventilated and kept cool. The direction ofthe air-currents is indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. The armature is connected to shaft A in the following manner:

H represents a sleeve or hub firinlysecnred to said shaft, and provided with three or more radial lugs, 71,- or a collar may be substituted therefor. Said lugs have tapped holes, into which are inserted the screws h, having a turning nut or collar, 7L2, and pointed or otherwise suitably configured ends h, which are designed to engage with the helices F. By turning the screws h their ends 7L3 penetrate between the coils or helices F and lock the armature B firmly upon shaft A, so that the former will rotate with the latter. \Vhen it is desired to remove the armature from said shaft, the screws h are reversely turned,whieh disengages their ends 7r from said helices, whereupon the armature is released from the shaft. WVhile the ends h" of screws or armsh are shown tapered to a point, yet in practice they are so tapered that their extreme ends will be more or less rounding, and are designed to be covered with a non-conductor, so that when forced into or between the coils of the armature-helices the insulation of the latter is not destroyed or the machine short-circuited; or said arms may be made of hard wood, gutta-percha, or other non-conducting material. I I, Fig. 5, represent the pole-pieces of the field-magnets. Said pole-pieces surround the armature in the usual or other suitable manner. Heretofore they have been formed in one piece or section. Consequently when the armature needed to be removed from. the machine,in order to repair its burned-outhelices, or to otherwise manipulate it, the housings an (1 other parts of the machine had first to be r moved before access could be obtained to the armature. To avoid such disadvantage,I construct the pole-pieces in two sections, i i, and bolt or otherwise secure them together, as shown; hence, when the armature of my machine is designed to be taken therefrom, all that is necessary to do is to remove the upper or one of the sections of each pole-piece and take off the upper bearing-plate of the shaft A, whereupon the latter and the armature may be lifted out of their normal position without disarranging the remaining parts of the machine.

The blocks G G may be formed or constructed in any suitable manner, so as to be readily inserted upon the ring D. In Fig. 3 I have illustrated them as being composed of two sections, which when placed in position upon the armature are screwed or otherwise connected together, as shown. I have indicated the ring D provided with flanges b b, and prefer to use such construction, as the hellX E may be then more readily coiled upon ring D; but, if desired, said flanges may be dispensed with, as said helix E is heldinplace on said ring D by the transverse helices ll. So, too, while I have shown and dcscribedthe use of the iron-wire helix Efor the soft-iron core of the armature, and such core placed upon a veneering of wood or other non-eonductor, I do not confine myinvention thereto, as such helix and non-conductor may be dispensed with, and in lieu thereof the usual iron ring, but having perforations, may be substito the commutator O in the usual or other desirable way, which need not be more particularly described, as the construction of the commutator or the mode of connecting the helices F thereto forms no part of my invention.

vVhat I claim is 1. An armature for dynamo-electric machines, composed of a core-piece, helicesF F, and air-chambers G and G, the former having projecting sides or lips formed integral therewith, substantially as shown and described.

2. In an armature for dynamo-electric machines, the combination of frame or ring D, having perforations d, air-chamber D, core E, helices I F, and air-chambers G and G, the former having projecting sides or vanes 9 substantially as shown and described.

. 3. The combination of a non conducting frame or ring, D, having perforations (2, airchamber D, uninsulated wire core E, helices F F, chambers G,having closed tops, open bottoms, and vanes g, and chambers G, having closed bottoms and open tops, substantially as shown and described.

4. An armature for electric generators, having a series of fan-blades, induction-openings leading to air-chambers located between the insulated helices and the core-piece, and the latter being perforated, and eduction-openings therefor, substantially as set forth.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine, an armature consisting of a loose wire core, a frame or support for said core, perforated or channeled for the purpose set forth, and helices wound around said core and support, substantially as described.

6. An armature for electric generators, composed of a core having air-passages formed therein, a series of helices arranged transversel y to said core, and interposed air-chambersbetween said core and helices, substantially as shown and described.

7. An armature for electric generators, composed of a diamagnetic frame or ring, a corepiece provided with air chambers or passages, helices therefor, a series of fan-blades, and an air-chamber between said helices and corepiece, substantially as shown and described.

8. An armature for electric generators, composed of a diamagnetic frame or ring, a core, a series of helices, internal air-chambers between the core and helices, and air-forcing or blast-producing devices rotating with said armature, substantially as shown and described.

9. An armature for electric generators, composed of a core having air-passages, a series of helices, and an air-chamber between said core and helices, in combination with means attached to and rotating with the armature for forcing a current or currents of air through said armature, as set forth.

10. An armature for electric generators, com- IOO IIO

posed of a cylinder of wood veneer or other non-conductor, provided withperforations, an iron helix wound on its exterior periphery, a series of transverse helices, an airchamber between the latter and the perforated non-eonduetor, and means for forcing ablast or blasts of air through said armature, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination of ring D, having perforations or openings (1, the rings d", the ironwire helix E, helices F, and interposed hollow blocks G G, with projections g, substan tially as shown and described.

12. The combination of ring D, having perforations d, rings (1", and flanges d, the ironwire helix or core E, helices F, interposed hollow blocks G G, and projecting sides or blades g",substantially as shown and described.

13. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of an armature, a driving-shaft, and a field-of-foree magnet whose pole-pieces are each composed of two uniting-sections, one of l which is removable from the other, as and for the purpose set forth.

14. In combination with an electric generator, afield-of-foree magnet, the pole-pieces of which are each composed of a uniting fixed and a removable section, substantially as shown and described.

15. The pole-piece Lcomposed of two uniting-sections, i and i, one of which is pernianently secured to the field-of-force magnet, and the other is removable from said fixed section, substantially as shown and described.

16. In combination with an armature for electric generators, the blocks G, having internal air-passages and projecting blades or sides 1/, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J AMES \V. EASTON.

Yi'i tn esses:

Hnxnv BI-IEXY, C r us. E. BALL.

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