US2904467A - Wood preservative grease - Google Patents
Wood preservative grease Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2904467A US2904467A US675002A US67500257A US2904467A US 2904467 A US2904467 A US 2904467A US 675002 A US675002 A US 675002A US 67500257 A US67500257 A US 67500257A US 2904467 A US2904467 A US 2904467A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bentonite
- wood
- grease
- composition
- organic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003171 wood protecting agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title description 14
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 14
- -1 bentonite compound Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 244000073231 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 10
- 229960002126 creosote Drugs 0.000 description 10
- WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N=C2OC=CC2=C1 WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229940120693 copper naphthenate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoate;3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)CC1 SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- DWGOKGSKTKQPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M C(C)(=O)[O-].C[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCCCCC)C Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].C[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCCCCC)C DWGOKGSKTKQPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000218378 Magnolia Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005018 Pinus echinata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001236219 Pinus echinata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011334 Pinus elliottii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017339 Pinus palustris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008566 Pinus taeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANRCSZILOHNONR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] ANRCSZILOHNONR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AVNXUOMEGJDYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M didodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCC AVNXUOMEGJDYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LZTCQASULATCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl(dioctadecyl)azanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LZTCQASULATCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YTKSACBVUQVNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl(dioctyl)azanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCC YTKSACBVUQVNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQTWKPIUNALOIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecyl-dimethyl-octadecylazanium acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].C[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C ZQTWKPIUNALOIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UPHWVVKYDQHTCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN UPHWVVKYDQHTCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011288 water-gas tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N31/10—Pentachlorophenol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
- B27K3/40—Aromatic compounds halogenated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method and composition for preservation of wood, particle board, hard board, and related structural fibrous materials, which method and composition are designed to increase the performance in wood preservation, simplify the application to the wood and improve the overall results obtained.
- composition of the instant invention may have utility in this respect, although it is intended primarily for use on wood already in place, such as poles, posts, sills, toe plates, stair risers, etc.; and the instant invention will be described primarily in connection with this use.
- One of the chief uses for the present invention is in extending the usable life of poles already in line. Some of these poles may have been in place many years and the application of the instant composition thereto will add extra years of life to the pole. Those poles which were poorly pretreated or pretreated with inferior preservatives may be again treated, while in place, with the instant composition along the pole. Poles which are removed from one location to be set in another, usually at a different depth, can be advantageously treated with the composition of the instant invention.
- the instant composition is a grease, or a grease-like material, which may be applied by hand spreading, by a mechanical grease gun, or on a paper or plastic film or bandage. On poles it is applied at the ground line area, where rot is most likely to occur. There are at present several wood preservative greases known and in use. Each of these leaves something to be desired, however.
- the composition of the instant invention overcomes most of the difiiculties or problems encountered in the use of the prior art compositions. For example, in British Patent No. 699,207 (published November 4, 1953) reference is made to a grease-like substance which can be applied to wooden objects along the ground line,
- an organic wood preservative liquid is thickened with a cou xbentonite and an org-nitrogen base, in an amount s i! to toe-ima e 5s (3222A .xa man le? 55 7 impart a grease-like consistency to the composition, and this grease-like composition is applied to wood.
- the thickening compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base has unique properties in that it is capable of imparting the desired consistency to tile grease-like composition, while permitting penetration of the wood preservative to a sufiicicnt extent into wood to which the grease is applied.
- This thickening compound produces a distinctly superior grease in that bleeding is substantially eliminated. Also, the material is easily compounded and applied.
- Yet another object of the instant invention is to provide an improved method of preserving wood that comprises milling or subjecting to shear a composition comprising an organic wood preservative liquid and a thickening compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base (with one of many standard colloid mills or homogenizers), and applying the composition to the wood.
- the invention consists in a wood preservative composition
- a wood preservative composition comprising an organic wood-preservative liquid, and a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like con sistency to said composition.
- the organic wood-preservative liquid used in the practice of the instant invention acts as a diluent for theeomposition and additionally functions as a spreading agent for the final composition.
- This liquid may be a solu tion of a wood preservative in an organic liquid carrier (suchas a solution of pentachlorophenol in an aromatic petroleum oil or a solution of copper naphthenate in mineral spirits) or it may be a liquid preservative per se as in the case of creosote.
- creosote materials so designated by chemists which are, in fact, organic mixtures derived from coal tar or wood tar and prepared commercially as wood-preserving liquids, examples of which include coal tar creosote, coke oven tar creosote, water gas tar creosote, petroleum oil creosote, wood creosote, and mixtures thereof.
- chemists which are, in fact, organic mixtures derived from coal tar or wood tar and prepared commercially as wood-preserving liquids, examples of which include coal tar creosote, coke oven tar creosote, water gas tar creosote, petroleum oil creosote, wood creosote, and mixtures thereof.
- chemists which are, in fact, organic mixtures derived from coal tar or wood tar and prepared commercially as wood-preserving liquids, examples of which include coal tar creosote, coke oven tar cre
- organic wood preservative liquid in the final composition of the invention depends to a substantial extent upon the viscosity of this liquid and also the nature of the molecules composing the liquid; and it may range from about 60% for other thin liquids to as much as about 94% for thick liquids. (As used herein, the terms percent and parts mean percent and parts by weight, unless otherwise designated.)
- the organic wood-preservative liquid used in the practice of the invention may be a liquid preservative per se such as creosote.
- it may be a preservative such as a polyvalent metal naphthenate such as zinc or copper naphthenate dissolved in a suitable (preferably non-polar) solvent, such as a mineral oil.
- a suitable (preferably non-polar) solvent such as a mineral oil.
- the preferred organic wood preservative liquid of this type is a solution of copper naphthenate in a mineral oil; and the resulting grease-like composition preferably contains at least 2% of the metal (Cu) and preferably 10% to 30% of the copper naphthenate is used.
- the organic fungicide found to be most desirable for use in the practice of the instant invention is pentachlorophenol.
- the amount of pentachlorophenol in the final grease-like composition should be at least about 2% and is preferably within the range of 5% to 30% of the weight of the composition.
- the organic wood-preservative liquid is first provided (in the form of creosote) or prepared by dissolving the organic fungicide in a suitable solvent therefor such as a mineral oil. Then the bentonite compound is added and stirred into the liquid. Next, the relatively small quantity of methanol, acetone or other organic polar solvent used as a dispersing agent is added. Then, any suitable inorganic filler material to be employed is added. The resulting material is a liquid slurry, which is then passed through a homogenizer or colloid mill wherein it is subjected to 1000 to 8000 pounds per square inch of shear and the slurry is converted to a grease-like gel. Inorganic fungicide, if used, is preferably added next.
- ASTM penetration 294; bleeding resistance excellent, resistance to water satisfactory, penetration into wood satisfactory.
- the pentachlorophenol is incorporated in a wood-preservative liquid first and the thickening agent is added subsequently.
- the solvent used for pentachlorophenol in the liquid is preferably a mineral oil; and the best results are obtained using an aromatic petroleum oil or sometimes called an aromatic gas oil or a heavy or light recycle oil.
- a preferred oil is a heavy recycle oil having a boiling point of about 600-760 F.
- Other oils which may also be used include cracking stocks, slurry oils, heavy aromatic gas oils and medium aromatic gas oils, examples being Amoco heavy thermal side out No. 105, Amoco No. 102E oil, Tidewater No. 200 diesel oil, Tidewater CGB oil, Denver No. 3 oil, Magnolia lube oil extract No.
- Aromatic HB oil Heavy Aromatic Naphtha, Shell Medium Aromatic oil, and Deep Rock heavy cycle oil.
- Other solvents for the organic fungicides here mentioned include naphthenic oils, petroleum tar gas oil, linseed oil, xylene, mineral spirits and butyl Cellosolve. The last mentioned solvent will dissolve up to 60% pentachlorophenol and can be used to make a grease containing 50% pentachlorophenol for special purposes.
- An aromatic petroleum oil such as Aromatic HB is ordinarily preferred for use in the practice of the instant invention with pentachlorophenol, because of proper viscosity and good solvent power for pentachlorophenol.
- the thickening agent employed in the practice of the instant invention for obtaining a grease-like consistency in the final composition is a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base.
- Bentonite compounds are composed of a montmorillonite mineral in which at least a part of the cation content of the mineral has been replaced by an organic-nitrogen base.
- Clays that swell at least to some extent on being contacted with water and contain as a primary constituent a mineral of the group known as montmorillonites are generally referred to as bentonite.
- Such clays, which contain exchangeable alkali metal atoms either naturally or after treatment, constitute the raw materials employed in making the bentonits/organic base compounds used in the practice of the instant invention.
- the bentonite-organic base compounds are preferably prepared as described in US.
- the organicnitrogen bases include cyclic, aliphatic and heterocyclic amines, such as decyl amine, dodecyl amine, tetra decyl amine, hexadecyl amine, octadecyl amine, hexadecyl ammonium acetate, octadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dioctyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl didodecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dodecyl hexadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl diacetyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dodecyl hexadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl diacetyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl diacetyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium acetate,
- the preferred bentonite compounds are prepared from quaternary ammonium compounds in which the N-substituents are aliphatic groups containing at least one alkyl group with a total of at-least ten to twelve carbon atoms.
- the N-substituents are aliphatic groups containing at least one alkyl group with a total of at-least ten to twelve carbon atoms.
- aliphatic amines When aliphatic amines are used they preferably contain at least one alkyl group containing at least ten to twelve carbon atoms.
- bentonite compounds are particularly useful in the practice of the instant invention as thickeners for the final grease composition
- some of the bentonite compound may be replaced by inert inorganic fillers such as finely divided silica, diatomaceous earth, and finely divided calcium silicate.
- the total'amount of bentonite compound and inorganic filler should be such as to. effect the desired thickening of the composition and this amount may range from about 5% to about 40% of the final composition.
- the weight ratio of bentonite compound to the inorganic filler may range from 1:10 to 10:1.
- a dispersing agent is preferably employed with the bentonite compound.
- the amount of dispersing agent employed is 0.5% to 5% of the final grease composition, or 5 to 25% of the amount of bentonite compound used.
- the dispersing agent is an organic polar solvent such as methanol, acetone or the like (preferably a low molecular weight alcohol, ketone or ester containing not more than about 4 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, diethyl ketone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, etc.).
- the dispersing agent is added to the composition after the bentonite compound, but before any inert filler materials are added.
- inor c 'cides such as sodium, tassium or ammonium uorides may o e instant composition.
- ma n are also added with the inorganic filler (if any), after the addition of the other ingredients.
- Such materials may be employed in mountsrangingfrom1to20%.
- EXAMPLE 7 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 10.0 Coal tar creosote 44.3 Heavy Aromatic Naphtha 40.0 Pentachlorophenol 4.3 Methanol 1.4 ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties excellent.
- entachlorophenol 0 parts is dissolved in Shell medium aromatic oil (79.3 parts).
- dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium bentonite (10 parts) is stirred into the solution of entachlorophenol in 7 Shell medium aromatic oil.
- methanol 0.7 part is also stirred into the resulting slurry of dioetadecyldimethyl ammonium bentonite in the Shell medium aromatic oil solution of pentachlorophenoljwhich material is at this stage a relatively free flowing liquid (slurry).
- the material is then passed through a homogenizer (wherein it is subjected to about 2000 pounds per square inch of shear) and the resulting material obtained from the homogenizer is a grease-like gel having the properties described in connection with Example 1.
- a homogenizer wherein it is subjected to about 2000 pounds per square inch of shear
- the resulting material obtained from the homogenizer is a grease-like gel having the properties described in connection with Example 1.
- the same procedure is employed in preparing each of the other formulations set forth herein, to obtain the results specified.
- the grease of Example 1 is applied to poles in line (along the ground line) and found to etfectively preserve the wood. In areas of rainfall of about inches or more a year, this grease-like material is applied to an area on the pole extending from about 6 inches above the ground line to about inches below. In arid regions, the greaselike material is applied from approximately the ground line to as much as 3 or more feet below the ground line.
- the instant grease-like material is also applied to the exposed tops of poles and found to be an effective preservative in this respect also.
- Each of the aforementioned examples of grease-like material are used in substantially the manner just described to obtain etfective wood preservation and prolong the life of poles in the line.
- Results indicate that adequate penetration using the instant greases is obtained in seasoned wood as well as wood having a moisture content of as much as 40%.
- pole stubs of southern yellow pine placed in the soil are found to have an equilibrium moisture content at the ground line of to by weight of the dry wood; and these pole stubs are etfectively preserved by the application of the instant grease-like material.
- a preferred formulation is that of Example 10 which specifies the use of a water-soluble preservative salt such as sodium fluoride in the grease-like composition.
- a wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, to 95 of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, and a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of suflicient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
- a wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, 0.5% to 5% of an 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to 95% of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, a combination of (a) an inert inorganic filler and (b) a compound of bentonite and an organionitrogen base in an amount suflicient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition, the weight ratio of (a):(b) ranging from 1:10 to 10:1 said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of suflicient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
- a wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to 95 of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, 0.5% to 5% of an organic polar solvent, a combination of (a) an inert inorganic filler and (b) a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition, the weight ratio of (a):(b) ranging from 1:10 to 10:1, said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of sufficient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing'together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
- a wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to 95% of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, and a combination of (a) silica and (b) a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufficient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition, the weight ratio of (a):(b) ranging from 1:10 to 10:1 said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of sufficient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
- a wood preservative composition having the following formulation:
- a wood preservative composition having the following formulation:
Description
- tented Sept. 15, 1959 WOOD PRESERVATIVE GREASE Eldon A. Bohr, Memphis, Tenn., assignor to Chapman Chemical Company, Memphis. Tenn., a corporation of Illinois No Drawing. Application July 30, 1957 Serial No. 675,002
7 Claims. (Cl. 167-38.7)
This invention relates to a method and composition for preservation of wood, particle board, hard board, and related structural fibrous materials, which method and composition are designed to increase the performance in wood preservation, simplify the application to the wood and improve the overall results obtained.
There are many methods of applying preservatives to wood prior to the time the wood is put in use. The composition of the instant invention may have utility in this respect, although it is intended primarily for use on wood already in place, such as poles, posts, sills, toe plates, stair risers, etc.; and the instant invention will be described primarily in connection with this use.
One of the chief uses for the present invention is in extending the usable life of poles already in line. Some of these poles may have been in place many years and the application of the instant composition thereto will add extra years of life to the pole. Those poles which were poorly pretreated or pretreated with inferior preservatives may be again treated, while in place, with the instant composition along the pole. Poles which are removed from one location to be set in another, usually at a different depth, can be advantageously treated with the composition of the instant invention.
The instant composition is a grease, or a grease-like material, which may be applied by hand spreading, by a mechanical grease gun, or on a paper or plastic film or bandage. On poles it is applied at the ground line area, where rot is most likely to occur. There are at present several wood preservative greases known and in use. Each of these leaves something to be desired, however. The composition of the instant invention overcomes most of the difiiculties or problems encountered in the use of the prior art compositions. For example, in British Patent No. 699,207 (published November 4, 1953) reference is made to a grease-like substance which can be applied to wooden objects along the ground line,
and the greases described by the British patent are oil base materials thickened with soaps such as aluminum or calcium stearate. Such greases are difficult to manufacture; and they have the disadvantage that the number of oils that can be used as the solvent for the active fungicide is limited. Also, such greases have a tendency to bleed at room temperature and at elevated temperatures frequently encountered in storage and in the field during summer. In addition, the preservative portion of such greases sometimes does not penetrate the wood well enough.
Other preservative gels or greases now on the market have various disadvantages which have been overcome by the product of the instant invention. These disadvantages include poor resistance to water, inadequate pene-.
tration of the wood, difiiculty of application, high cost, doubtful preservative value, bleeding of the fluid, and a tendency to change in consistency.
In the instant invention, an organic wood preservative liquid is thickened with a cou xbentonite and an org-nitrogen base, in an amount s i! to toe-ima e 5s (3222A .xa man le? 55 7 impart a grease-like consistency to the composition, and this grease-like composition is applied to wood. It ha; been found that the thickening compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base has unique properties in that it is capable of imparting the desired consistency to tile grease-like composition, while permitting penetration of the wood preservative to a sufiicicnt extent into wood to which the grease is applied. This thickening compound produces a distinctly superior grease in that bleeding is substantially eliminated. Also, the material is easily compounded and applied.
It is, therefore, an important object to provide an improved composition and method for wood preservation.
It is a further object of the instant invention to provide an improved grease-like wood-preserving composition that does not tend to bleed.
It is another object of the instant invention to provide an improved grease-like composition that is easily applied to Wood for the preservation thereof, comprising an organic wood preservative liquid and a thickening compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base.
Yet another object of the instant invention is to provide an improved method of preserving wood that comprises milling or subjecting to shear a composition comprising an organic wood preservative liquid and a thickening compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base (with one of many standard colloid mills or homogenizers), and applying the composition to the wood.
Other and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed disclosure thereof.
The invention consists in a wood preservative composition comprising an organic wood-preservative liquid, and a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like con sistency to said composition.
The organic wood-preservative liquid used in the practice of the instant invention acts as a diluent for theeomposition and additionally functions as a spreading agent for the final composition. This liquid may be a solu tion of a wood preservative in an organic liquid carrier (suchas a solution of pentachlorophenol in an aromatic petroleum oil or a solution of copper naphthenate in mineral spirits) or it may be a liquid preservative per se as in the case of creosote. By creosote is meant materials so designated by chemists which are, in fact, organic mixtures derived from coal tar or wood tar and prepared commercially as wood-preserving liquids, examples of which include coal tar creosote, coke oven tar creosote, water gas tar creosote, petroleum oil creosote, wood creosote, and mixtures thereof. Each of such crcosotes may be used in the practice of the instant invention and they may be used with or without additional solvents or carriers, such as petroleum oil; or they may be used with additional preservatives such as copper naphthenate or pentachlorophenol.
The amount of organic wood preservative liquid in the final composition of the invention depends to a substantial extent upon the viscosity of this liquid and also the nature of the molecules composing the liquid; and it may range from about 60% for other thin liquids to as much as about 94% for thick liquids. (As used herein, the terms percent and parts mean percent and parts by weight, unless otherwise designated.)
As mentioned, the organic wood-preservative liquid used in the practice of the invention may be a liquid preservative per se such as creosote. Also, it may be a preservative such as a polyvalent metal naphthenate such as zinc or copper naphthenate dissolved in a suitable (preferably non-polar) solvent, such as a mineral oil. The preferred organic wood preservative liquid of this type is a solution of copper naphthenate in a mineral oil; and the resulting grease-like composition preferably contains at least 2% of the metal (Cu) and preferably 10% to 30% of the copper naphthenate is used.
The organic fungicide found to be most desirable for use in the practice of the instant invention is pentachlorophenol. The amount of pentachlorophenol in the final grease-like composition should be at least about 2% and is preferably within the range of 5% to 30% of the weight of the composition.
In the practice of the instant invention, the organic wood-preservative liquid is first provided (in the form of creosote) or prepared by dissolving the organic fungicide in a suitable solvent therefor such as a mineral oil. Then the bentonite compound is added and stirred into the liquid. Next, the relatively small quantity of methanol, acetone or other organic polar solvent used as a dispersing agent is added. Then, any suitable inorganic filler material to be employed is added. The resulting material is a liquid slurry, which is then passed through a homogenizer or colloid mill wherein it is subjected to 1000 to 8000 pounds per square inch of shear and the slurry is converted to a grease-like gel. Inorganic fungicide, if used, is preferably added next.
The foregoing procedure is carried out using the following formulations and the results indicated in connection with each of these examples are the results obtained:
EXAMPLE 1 Percent Dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 10.0 Methanol 0.7 Shell Medium Aromatic oil 79.3 Pentachlorophenol 10.0
' ASTM penetration? 400; bleeding resistance and resistance to water good; and penetration into wood good.
ASTM penetration: 294; bleeding resistance excellent, resistance to water satisfactory, penetration into wood satisfactory.
The pentachlorophenol is incorporated in a wood-preservative liquid first and the thickening agent is added subsequently. The solvent used for pentachlorophenol in the liquid is preferably a mineral oil; and the best results are obtained using an aromatic petroleum oil or sometimes called an aromatic gas oil or a heavy or light recycle oil. A preferred oil is a heavy recycle oil having a boiling point of about 600-760 F. Other oils which may also be used include cracking stocks, slurry oils, heavy aromatic gas oils and medium aromatic gas oils, examples being Amoco heavy thermal side out No. 105, Amoco No. 102E oil, Tidewater No. 200 diesel oil, Tidewater CGB oil, Denver No. 3 oil, Magnolia lube oil extract No. 465E, Aromatic HB oil, Heavy Aromatic Naphtha, Shell Medium Aromatic oil, and Deep Rock heavy cycle oil. Other solvents for the organic fungicides here mentioned include naphthenic oils, petroleum tar gas oil, linseed oil, xylene, mineral spirits and butyl Cellosolve. The last mentioned solvent will dissolve up to 60% pentachlorophenol and can be used to make a grease containing 50% pentachlorophenol for special purposes. An aromatic petroleum oil such as Aromatic HB is ordinarily preferred for use in the practice of the instant invention with pentachlorophenol, because of proper viscosity and good solvent power for pentachlorophenol.
The thickening agent employed in the practice of the instant invention for obtaining a grease-like consistency in the final composition is a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base. Bentonite compounds are composed of a montmorillonite mineral in which at least a part of the cation content of the mineral has been replaced by an organic-nitrogen base. Clays that swell at least to some extent on being contacted with water and contain as a primary constituent a mineral of the group known as montmorillonites are generally referred to as bentonite. Such clays, which contain exchangeable alkali metal atoms either naturally or after treatment, constitute the raw materials employed in making the bentonits/organic base compounds used in the practice of the instant invention. The bentonite-organic base compounds are preferably prepared as described in US.
Patent No. 2,033,856, issued March 10, 1936, as compounds of bentonite with organic bases of sufiicient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compounds are made by bringing together the bentonite and the organic-nitrogen base in the presence of aqueous mineral acid to effect base exchange. The organicnitrogen bases include cyclic, aliphatic and heterocyclic amines, such as decyl amine, dodecyl amine, tetra decyl amine, hexadecyl amine, octadecyl amine, hexadecyl ammonium acetate, octadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dioctyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl didodecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dodecyl hexadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl diacetyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dodecyl hexadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl diacetyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl hexadecyl octadecyl ammonium acetate, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium acetate, and the corresponding chlorides and quaternary ammonium chlorides. The preferred bentonite compounds are prepared from quaternary ammonium compounds in which the N-substituents are aliphatic groups containing at least one alkyl group with a total of at-least ten to twelve carbon atoms. When aliphatic amines are used they preferably contain at least one alkyl group containing at least ten to twelve carbon atoms.
Although the bentonite compounds are particularly useful in the practice of the instant invention as thickeners for the final grease composition, it will be noted that some of the bentonite compound may be replaced by inert inorganic fillers such as finely divided silica, diatomaceous earth, and finely divided calcium silicate. In general, the total'amount of bentonite compound and inorganic filler (if any is used) should be such as to. effect the desired thickening of the composition and this amount may range from about 5% to about 40% of the final composition. The weight ratio of bentonite compound to the inorganic filler may range from 1:10 to 10:1.
In addition, a dispersing agent is preferably employed with the bentonite compound. The amount of dispersing agent employed is 0.5% to 5% of the final grease composition, or 5 to 25% of the amount of bentonite compound used. The dispersing agent is an organic polar solvent such as methanol, acetone or the like (preferably a low molecular weight alcohol, ketone or ester containing not more than about 4 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, diethyl ketone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, etc.). In the practice of the instant invention the dispersing agent is added to the composition after the bentonite compound, but before any inert filler materials are added.
Also, inor c 'cides such as sodium, tassium or ammonium uorides may o e instant composition. ma n are also added with the inorganic filler (if any), after the addition of the other ingredients. Such materials may be employed in mountsrangingfrom1to20%.
EXAMPLE 3 Percent Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 7.5 Aromatic HB oil 81.8 Methanol 0.7 Pentachlorophenol 10.0 ASTM penetration: 312, all other properties excellent.
EXAMPLE 4 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 7.0 Heavy Aromatic Naphtha 82.3 Methanol P 0.7 Pentachlorophenol 10.0
ASTM penetration: 400; slight but unobjectionable bleeding, all other properties excellent.
EXAMPLE 5 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 3.5 Aromatic HB oil 72.5 Methanol 1.0 Pentachlorophenol 10.0 Silica (I-H-SIL 233) 13.0 ASTM penetration: 240; all other properties excellent.
EXAMPLE 6 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 10.7 Coal tar creosote 87.9 Methanol 1.4 ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties good.
EXAMPLE 7 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 10.0 Coal tar creosote 44.3 Heavy Aromatic Naphtha 40.0 Pentachlorophenol 4.3 Methanol 1.4 ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties excellent.
' EXAMPLE 8 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 7.0 Tidewater diesel oil 86.1 Methanol 2.4 Pentachlorophenol 4.5
ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties good.
- EXAMPLE 9 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 14.8 Copper naphthenate 27.9 Mineral spirits 55.9 Methanol 1.4
ASTM penetration: 340; all other properties good.
EXAMPLE 10 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 7.0 Aromatic HB 78.6 Pentachlorophenol 8.7 Methanol 0.7 Sodium fluoride 5.0
ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties good.
- EXAMPLE 11 Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 3.0 Aromatic HB 77.7 Methanol 0.7 Pentachlorophenol 86 Calcium silicate (Microcel-E) 10.0
ASTM penetration: 311; all other properties good.
- EXAMPLE 12 Octadecylamine bentonite 12.5 Aromatic HB 74.2 Pentachlorophenol 8.3 Methanol I 5.0
ASTM penetration: 331; all other properties good.
6 EXAMPLE 13 Percent Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 7.0 Deep Rock heavy cycle 83.1 Pentachlorophenol 9.2 Methanol 0.7
ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties good.
The National Lubricating Grease Institute developed and adopted a consistency classification in 19,41. This classification, which is based on penetrations obtained by ASTM Method D 217, is shown in Table 21.1. When the Federal Government put in effect a tax on lubricating .oils (see Regulation 44, Section 314.40, Use of Terms) the above method of test was recognized, as can be seen from the following quotation: The term lubricating oils does not include products of the type commonly known as grease. Oleaginous substances which are classed as grease and whichcontain oil are not subject to the tax when of a worked consistency of less than 390 penetration units, or an unworked consistency of less than 360 penetration units, by the method of test of the American Society for Testing Materials D-217-33%.
Table 21.1.-NLGI lubricating grease consistency classi- ASTM Method D217-52T does not provide for tests of lubricating greases softer than those having a penetration of about 400, and some of the greases of the invention have a penetration of 400 or slightly over; but for the purposes of the invention greases have about 400 or less penetration.
EXAMPLE 14 Percent Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 3 Silica (Cabo-Sil) 3 Aromatic HB oil 83.3 Methanol 0.7 Pentachlorophenol 10.0
ASTM penetration: 400; all other properties excellent.
ASTM penetration: 300; all other properties excellent.
As a specific example, using the previously quoted formulation of Example 1, entachlorophenol 0 parts) is dissolved in Shell medium aromatic oil (79.3 parts). Next, dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium bentonite (10 parts) is stirred into the solution of entachlorophenol in 7 Shell medium aromatic oil. Then, methanol (0.7 part) is also stirred into the resulting slurry of dioetadecyldimethyl ammonium bentonite in the Shell medium aromatic oil solution of pentachlorophenoljwhich material is at this stage a relatively free flowing liquid (slurry). The material is then passed through a homogenizer (wherein it is subjected to about 2000 pounds per square inch of shear) and the resulting material obtained from the homogenizer is a grease-like gel having the properties described in connection with Example 1. The same procedure is employed in preparing each of the other formulations set forth herein, to obtain the results specified.
The grease of Example 1 is applied to poles in line (along the ground line) and found to etfectively preserve the wood. In areas of rainfall of about inches or more a year, this grease-like material is applied to an area on the pole extending from about 6 inches above the ground line to about inches below. In arid regions, the greaselike material is applied from approximately the ground line to as much as 3 or more feet below the ground line.
The instant grease-like material is also applied to the exposed tops of poles and found to be an effective preservative in this respect also. Each of the aforementioned examples of grease-like material are used in substantially the manner just described to obtain etfective wood preservation and prolong the life of poles in the line.
Results also indicate that adequate penetration using the instant greases is obtained in seasoned wood as well as wood having a moisture content of as much as 40%. For example, pole stubs of southern yellow pine placed in the soil are found to have an equilibrium moisture content at the ground line of to by weight of the dry wood; and these pole stubs are etfectively preserved by the application of the instant grease-like material. It should be mentioned that, in such cases where the moisture content is high, a preferred formulation is that of Example 10 which specifies the use of a water-soluble preservative salt such as sodium fluoride in the grease-like composition.
It will be understood that modifications and variations may be eflected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the present invention.
I claim as my invention:
1. A wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, to 95 of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, and a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of suflicient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
2. A wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, 0.5% to 5% of an 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to 95% of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, a combination of (a) an inert inorganic filler and (b) a compound of bentonite and an organionitrogen base in an amount suflicient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition, the weight ratio of (a):(b) ranging from 1:10 to 10:1 said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of suflicient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
4. A wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to 95 of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, 0.5% to 5% of an organic polar solvent, a combination of (a) an inert inorganic filler and (b) a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition, the weight ratio of (a):(b) ranging from 1:10 to 10:1, said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of sufficient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing'together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
5. A wood preservative composition comprising at least 2% of pentachlorophenol, 50% to 95% of a mineral oil solvent for the pentachlorophenol, and a combination of (a) silica and (b) a compound of bentonite and an organic-nitrogen base in an amount suficient to impart a grease-like consistency to said composition, the weight ratio of (a):(b) ranging from 1:10 to 10:1 said compound being a compound of bentonite with an organic base of sufficient alkalinity to be titratable with mineral acids, which compound is made by bringing together bentonite and such organic base in the presence of water.
6. A wood preservative composition having the following formulation:
Percent Dicetyldimethyl ammonium bentonite 7.5
Aromatic I-IB oil 81.8
Methanol 0.7
Pentachlorophenol 10.0
7. A wood preservative composition having the following formulation:
OTHER REFERENCES Becker: Thickening Agents Used in Pharmacy, Am. Prof. Pharmacist, vol. 20, No. 10, October 1954, pp. 939-943.
Claims (1)
1. A WOOD PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST 2% OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL, 50% TO 95% OF A MINERAL OIL SOLVENT FOR THE PENTCHLOROPHENOL, AND A COMPOUND OF BENTONITE AND AN ORGANIC-NITROGEN BASE IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO IMPART A GREASE-LIKE CONSISTENCY TO SAID COMPOSITION SAID COMPOUND BEING A COMPOUND OF BENTONITE WITH AN ORGANIC BASE OF SUFFICIENT ALKALINITY TO BE TITRATABLE WITH MINERAL ACIDS, WHICH COMPOUND IS MADE BY BRINGING TOGETHER BENTONITE AND SUCH ORGANIC BASE IN THE PRESENCE OF WATER.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US675002A US2904467A (en) | 1957-07-30 | 1957-07-30 | Wood preservative grease |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US675002A US2904467A (en) | 1957-07-30 | 1957-07-30 | Wood preservative grease |
Publications (1)
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US2904467A true US2904467A (en) | 1959-09-15 |
Family
ID=24708679
Family Applications (1)
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US675002A Expired - Lifetime US2904467A (en) | 1957-07-30 | 1957-07-30 | Wood preservative grease |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2988477A (en) * | 1959-06-10 | 1961-06-13 | Koppers Co Inc | Creosote composition of improved flowability and its production |
US3049471A (en) * | 1959-01-07 | 1962-08-14 | Chapman Chem Co | Preservative composition |
US3103449A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | Woodpecker repellent methods | ||
US3220858A (en) * | 1961-11-06 | 1965-11-30 | Chapman Chem Co | Fire retardant |
US3265567A (en) * | 1963-01-30 | 1966-08-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Methods and compositions for control of marine organisms |
US3369965A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1968-02-20 | Allied Chem | Preservation of wood |
US4779735A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-10-25 | Mooney Chemicals, Inc. | Wood-preservative package |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2033856A (en) * | 1934-07-05 | 1936-03-10 | Claude R Smith | Compounds of bentonite with organic bases and process of producing same |
US2295505A (en) * | 1939-08-02 | 1942-09-08 | Wm S Merrell Co | Composition of matter |
US2299601A (en) * | 1940-03-22 | 1942-10-20 | Steel Prot & Chemical Co Inc | Wood protective means |
GB699207A (en) * | 1950-10-06 | 1953-11-04 | Dow Chemical Co | Wood preservative composition and a method of preserving wood |
-
1957
- 1957-07-30 US US675002A patent/US2904467A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2033856A (en) * | 1934-07-05 | 1936-03-10 | Claude R Smith | Compounds of bentonite with organic bases and process of producing same |
US2295505A (en) * | 1939-08-02 | 1942-09-08 | Wm S Merrell Co | Composition of matter |
US2299601A (en) * | 1940-03-22 | 1942-10-20 | Steel Prot & Chemical Co Inc | Wood protective means |
GB699207A (en) * | 1950-10-06 | 1953-11-04 | Dow Chemical Co | Wood preservative composition and a method of preserving wood |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3103449A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | Woodpecker repellent methods | ||
US3049471A (en) * | 1959-01-07 | 1962-08-14 | Chapman Chem Co | Preservative composition |
US2988477A (en) * | 1959-06-10 | 1961-06-13 | Koppers Co Inc | Creosote composition of improved flowability and its production |
US3220858A (en) * | 1961-11-06 | 1965-11-30 | Chapman Chem Co | Fire retardant |
US3265567A (en) * | 1963-01-30 | 1966-08-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Methods and compositions for control of marine organisms |
US3369965A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1968-02-20 | Allied Chem | Preservation of wood |
US4779735A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-10-25 | Mooney Chemicals, Inc. | Wood-preservative package |
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