US2897430A - Stabilized transistor electrical power supply - Google Patents

Stabilized transistor electrical power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
US2897430A
US2897430A US459151A US45915154A US2897430A US 2897430 A US2897430 A US 2897430A US 459151 A US459151 A US 459151A US 45915154 A US45915154 A US 45915154A US 2897430 A US2897430 A US 2897430A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
voltage
transistor
power supply
circuit
consuming device
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US459151A
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English (en)
Inventor
Winkel Jan Te
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US2897430A publication Critical patent/US2897430A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
    • H02M1/15—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output using active elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
    • G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
    • G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
    • G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
    • G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
    • G05F3/22—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations wherein the transistors are of the bipolar type only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to power supply circuits for electric consuming devices in which a direct-voltage source of supply which is subject to variations is connected to the consuming device by way of the emittercollector path of a transistor.
  • a direct-voltage source of supply which is subject to variations is connected to the consuming device by way of the emittercollector path of a transistor.
  • Such a circuit has been suggested in a prior patent application (not yet published), but in this circuit the current traversing the consuming device is stabilized instead of the voltage across it, which is in certain cases undesirable if the impedance of the consuming device is variable.
  • the invention provides a very simple solution for stabilizing the voltage of the consuming device and exhibits the characteristic that the supply source is included in the collector circuit, the consuming device is included in the emitter circuit, and a source of constant voltage is included in the base circuit, of the transistor.
  • Fig. 1 shows the principle diagram
  • Fig. 2 shows a modification
  • Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • a direct-voltage source of supply 1 which is subject to variations, for example a mains alternating-voltage rectifying circuit, is connected to a consuming device 2, which may be variable, by way of the collector-emitter electrode path of a transistor 3, that is to say the source 1 and the consuming device 2 are included in the collector circuit and the emitter circuit, respectively, of a transistor 3, whereas a source 4 of constant voltage is included in its base circuit.
  • a direct-voltage source of supply 1 which is subject to variations, for example a mains alternating-voltage rectifying circuit, is connected to a consuming device 2, which may be variable, by way of the collector-emitter electrode path of a transistor 3, that is to say the source 1 and the consuming device 2 are included in the collector circuit and the emitter circuit, respectively, of a transistor 3, whereas a source 4 of constant voltage is included in its base circuit.
  • the volt age across the consuming device 2 is thus stabilized at a value substantially equal to the voltage of the source 4, that is to say any variation in the voltage of the consuming device, either due to a variation in the voltage of the source 1, or in the impedance of the consuming device 2, results in a material variation of the current traversing the transistor 3 such that the initial variation in voltage is counteracted.
  • the circuit affords the advantage that the transistor 3 functions properly even at a very low potential difference between the emitter electrode and the collector, so that the resultant voltage of the consuming device need be only slightly smaller than the minimum value of the supply voltage.
  • Fig. 2 shows a modified form of the circuit of Fig. 1, in which the source 4 is connected by way of a voltage divider 5, 6 which may be variable, to the base electrode of the transistor 3, by means of which the voltage of the consuming device may be adjusted.
  • Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the circuit according to the invention in which the supply source 1, as before, is included in the collector circuit and the consuming device 2 is included in the emitter circuit of the transistor 3, a capacitor 7 is included in the base circuit of transistor 3, serving as the source of constant voltage, a resistor 8 having a comparatively large value of resistance being included between the base electrode and the collector, so that the voltage supplied by way of resistor 8 to the capacitor 7 from the supply source 1, and hence also the voltage of the consuming device, remain substantially constant.
  • the transistor 3 and its associated capacitor 7 and resistor 8 act both to smooth out relatively rapid variations of the input voltage and to provide a low D.C. resistance.
  • the smoothing action results from the fact that the voltage applied between the base and emitter electrodes of the transistor is smoothed by the combination of the resistor 8 and the capacitor 7, so that the base current of the transistor 3 cannot follow relatively rapid variations of the voltage of the supply source. If the transistor is operated on the saturation part of its characteristic, its collector and therefore also its emitter current is substantially solely dependent on its base current; thus the emitter current supplied to the consuming device 2 and therefore the voltage across said device remains substantially constant in spite of relatively rapid fluctuations in the supply source voltage.
  • resistor 8 By making resistor 8 comparatively large, the time constant of the base circuit of the transistor is also comparatively large, thus providing good smoothing action.
  • the resistor 8 also functions to bias the base in the forward direction so that the emitter-collector path of the transistor exhibits a relatively low D.C. resistance and a relatively high impedance to voltage fluctuations of the source which are relatively rapid with respect to the time constant of the biasing circuit.
  • the transistor used is preferably a junction transistor, since this type of transistor exhibits the optimum characteristics for the object aimed at. It will be evident that the polarities of the voltage sources and the type of the transistor 3 may be reversed, if desired.
  • a stabilized power supply circuit for a two-terminal electric consuming device comprising a two-terminal direct-voltage power supply source subject to having voltage variations, a transistor having emitter, collector and base electrodes, means connecting said collector electrode to a terminal of said power supply source, means connecting said emitter electrode to a terminal of said consuming device, a resistor connected directly between said base and collector electrodes whereby said base electrode is biased in the forward direction by voltage from said supply source thereby providing a relatively low value of direct-current resistance in the collectoremitter path of said transistor, and a capacitor connected between said base electrode and the remaining said terminals of the supply source and consuming device, thereby smoothing said forward bias voltage applied to said base electrode and providing a relatively high impedance to said voltage variations of said supply source.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
US459151A 1953-10-02 1954-09-29 Stabilized transistor electrical power supply Expired - Lifetime US2897430A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL752055X 1953-10-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2897430A true US2897430A (en) 1959-07-28

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ID=19825156

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US459151A Expired - Lifetime US2897430A (en) 1953-10-02 1954-09-29 Stabilized transistor electrical power supply

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2897430A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1011482B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1108689A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL98159C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2995697A (en) * 1957-02-18 1961-08-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Transistor filter
US3035122A (en) * 1958-09-30 1962-05-15 Gen Dynamics Corp Constant current line circuitt for loop telephone lines
US3056915A (en) * 1957-08-01 1962-10-02 Philips Corp Circuit of high alternating current impedance for feeding a constant direct current to a circuit
US3099790A (en) * 1958-03-31 1963-07-30 Rca Corp Voltage regulators
US3105933A (en) * 1959-07-31 1963-10-01 Eico Electronic Instr Co Inc Transistor regulated direct current power supply
US3117269A (en) * 1960-12-09 1964-01-07 Rca Corp Battery charging circuits
US3136940A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-06-09 Gen Motors Corp Transistor voltage regulator for a generator with means for preventing discharge of battery through field winding or output winding
US3182247A (en) * 1961-06-02 1965-05-04 Raytheon Co Power supply sensing means
DE1203874B (de) * 1963-04-23 1965-10-28 Philips Nv Schaltungsanordnung zum Zufuehren einer Gleichspannung an eine Belastung
US3383580A (en) * 1964-03-16 1968-05-14 Susquehanna Corp Battery-life indicator
US3389345A (en) * 1965-11-12 1968-06-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic filter with automatically adjusted bias
US6236195B1 (en) * 1999-02-25 2001-05-22 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Voltage variation correction circuit
US20230107042A1 (en) * 2020-03-11 2023-04-06 Leco Corporation Voltage Stabilizer for Sources with Unacceptable Output Variation

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1085203B (de) * 1958-04-02 1960-07-14 Siemens Ag Elektronisch stabilisiertes Netzgeraet
DE1149111B (de) * 1958-09-27 1963-05-22 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb von Entladungslampen an einer Gleichspannungsquelle ueber Wechselrichter
DE1183166B (de) * 1960-07-14 1964-12-10 Siemens Ag Stromversorgungsgeraet

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585078A (en) * 1948-11-06 1952-02-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Negative resistance device utilizing semiconductor amplifier
US2693568A (en) * 1952-03-05 1954-11-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Current and voltage regulation
US2730576A (en) * 1951-09-17 1956-01-10 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Miniaturized transistor amplifier circuit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE638864C (de) * 1931-03-26 1936-11-24 Stabilovolt Ges M B H Anordnung zur Erzielung konstanter Gittervorspannungen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585078A (en) * 1948-11-06 1952-02-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Negative resistance device utilizing semiconductor amplifier
US2730576A (en) * 1951-09-17 1956-01-10 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Miniaturized transistor amplifier circuit
US2693568A (en) * 1952-03-05 1954-11-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Current and voltage regulation

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2995697A (en) * 1957-02-18 1961-08-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Transistor filter
US3056915A (en) * 1957-08-01 1962-10-02 Philips Corp Circuit of high alternating current impedance for feeding a constant direct current to a circuit
US3099790A (en) * 1958-03-31 1963-07-30 Rca Corp Voltage regulators
US3035122A (en) * 1958-09-30 1962-05-15 Gen Dynamics Corp Constant current line circuitt for loop telephone lines
US3105933A (en) * 1959-07-31 1963-10-01 Eico Electronic Instr Co Inc Transistor regulated direct current power supply
US3136940A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-06-09 Gen Motors Corp Transistor voltage regulator for a generator with means for preventing discharge of battery through field winding or output winding
US3117269A (en) * 1960-12-09 1964-01-07 Rca Corp Battery charging circuits
US3182247A (en) * 1961-06-02 1965-05-04 Raytheon Co Power supply sensing means
DE1203874B (de) * 1963-04-23 1965-10-28 Philips Nv Schaltungsanordnung zum Zufuehren einer Gleichspannung an eine Belastung
US3383580A (en) * 1964-03-16 1968-05-14 Susquehanna Corp Battery-life indicator
US3389345A (en) * 1965-11-12 1968-06-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic filter with automatically adjusted bias
US6236195B1 (en) * 1999-02-25 2001-05-22 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Voltage variation correction circuit
US20230107042A1 (en) * 2020-03-11 2023-04-06 Leco Corporation Voltage Stabilizer for Sources with Unacceptable Output Variation
JP2023516126A (ja) * 2020-03-11 2023-04-18 レコ コーポレイション 受容できない出力変動を有する源のための電圧スタビライザ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1108689A (fr) 1956-01-16
DE1011482B (de) 1957-07-04
NL98159C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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