US289435A - Door-lock - Google Patents

Description

(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

` v. M. MOORE.

DOOR LOCK.

:"'fi No. 289,435. Patented Dec. 4, 1883.

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DOOR LUCK.

Patented Dec. 4, 1883.

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DOOR-LOOK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,435, dated December 4, 1883.

Appnomifm mea May 1,1853. (Modem To all `whom it' muy concern:

Be it known that I, V. MUMFORD MOORE, of I-avenswood, in the county of Goolrand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usef'ul Improvements in Door-Locks; and Ido he-reby declare that the following speciieation, taken in connection with the draw-` ings furnished and forming a part of the same,

is a clear7 true, and complete description of the several features of my invention.

My said improvements are applicable to soealled cottage-loclrs, as Well as to mortiselocks; but some of the features of my invention have special value in mortise-loeks.

I/Iy said improvements relate, generally, to that class of locks which are inaccessible for unlocking from the side opposite to that at which they have been previously locked; but they relate more particularly to that special class of such locks which embody in their cases a central partition and separate or independent tumblers or sets of tumblers so isolated from each ,other by said partition that lock-picking devices entered from either side of the lock can only be engaged with one of said tumblers or sets of tumblers. 0f the said' centrally-partitioned locks, some have embodied 'one or more tumblers on each sideV ofthe bolt, all so connected together as to be moved as one tumbler when actuated by a key entered from either side of thelock, and there has been employed therewith, for approximately obtaining the purposes intended, a pair of auxiliary non-gated tumblers or catchcs-one on each side of the central partition, and arranged to be independently operated by akey when used for throwing the bolt; and with reference to this class of locks, mine are radically different, in that I obviate the ne cessity for auxiliary tumblers or catches, although I can employ them, if desired; and my gated bolt-tumblers at each side of the lock are independent of those on the other side; and When those at one side have been actuated by a key for throwing the bolt forward, those at the other side of the lock a-re incidentallyrendered immovable on their pivots. Another and Older variety of said centrallypartitioned locks have embodied a pair of independent gated tumblers so organized that no. auxiliary tnmblers I or catches are necessary.

` are moved forward and back,

In these prior locks the gated tumblers are necessarily mounted upon the bolt, and one of them iscarried by said bolt Whenever actuated by a key for locking and unlocking; but

meantime the tumbler on the opposite side of the lockinvariably remains in its normal position, while the bolt and the other tumbler which mode of operation necessitates a slotted or sliding pivotal connection between both of the gated tumblers and the bolt. My locks differ from those last described, in that my gated bolttumblers may citherbe 4pivoted to the bolt, so that both Will always move therewith, or I pivoted to the case, so as to have only a vibrating or rocking movement; and I am there fore enabled to obviate slidin g or slotted piv otal connections with their attendant disadvantages, and to employ pivots which are stationary or fixed with relation to the tumblers mounted thereon, thus providing for a simple, durable, and economical construction-` In my locks I employ, as a novel feature, a bolt which is centrally slotted vertically and `longitudinally, so as to locate one half of its` tail or shank on one side of the partition and the other half on the opposite side, thus enabling the extension of the partition above the planeY of the bolt, and thereby to completely isolate either side of the lock from the other; and, moreover, the partition serves as a longitudinal guide for the bolt. ploy a catch for confining the bolt withinvits case, and said catch is so constructed and the separate tumblers so arranged with reference to said catch that when a true `key is introduced at either side of the lock and turned for throwing the bolt forward, said catch is caused by the tumblers to retire from the bolt and leave the latter free to be moved forward; or the bolt-catch may-be so arranged as to re- I also emquire no direct lifting action by the tumblers l or the key, and, with its spring, be relied upon y tion, I will refer to the accompanying draW ings, in Which- Figure 1 is a side view of myloel; with the side of its case removed andthe boltwithin the case.

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Fig. 2 is a similar View of the opposite side of the lock with its bolt thrown forward. Fig. 3 is a lateral vertical section of the lock, Fig. 1, Online 02. Fig. 4 is a View of the bolt detached. Fig. 5 is an interior side view of the lock-case, the working parts of the lock having been removed therefrom. Fig. 6 is a lateral vertical section of the case on line y, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 illustrates a modification in the construction and arrangement of the tumblers and stumps in accordance with my invention. Figs. 8 and 9 are vertical transverse sections of my lock-case, illustrating the partition adl jacent to the key-holes as arranged to furnish end bearings for solid-stem keys. Fig. 10 is a modification of the bolt and its catch, whereby the spring of the latter serves to accelerate the terminal movements of the bolt in both directions.

Itis to be understood that my improvements may be embodied in a case otherwise adapted for the reception of knob-latch mechanism, although the lock illustrated by me is unprovided therewith, and also that, although I have shown a mortise-lock, my improvements are equally applicable to those well known as cottage77 or outside locks. For the purposes of illustration I have selected simple types of .gated tumblers, and show but one tumbler for service on each side of the lock; but it is to be understood that said tumblers may be employed in any desired number, of any desired degree of complexity, and arranged to operate variously with reference to the bolt and to their stumps without material departure from my invention.

The lock-case A has two removable sides, ci, because each side should be accessible for conveniently mounting the Working portions of the lock in the case, and each of said sides has a key-hole, a. In its best form my lock has the key holes coincident with each other, so that in setting a mortise-lock the holes in a door may be worked through and through at less cost in time and labor than if said holes were not oppositely located.

The central partition, b, so far as relates to dividing the lock-case opposite the key-holes,

is substantially as heretofore; but I believe itv to be new to extend said partitiomas shown, into and across the plane traversed by the bolt, so as to completely isolate one side of the lock from the other, and also so as to enable the partition to serve as a longitudinal guide for the bolt.

As indicated in Fig. 5, the portions of the partition respectively indicated at b b2 bawithin the adjacentdotted lines are serviceable. The portion b, opposite the key-holes, serves not only as shield or guard, but it serves as a standard for supporting the spindles used in connection with a barrel or hollow key, or for bearings for the end of a spindle-key, as illustrated at b4 in Figs. 8 and 9. The portion at b2 serves as a standard for oppositely-projecting stumps, as in Fig. 1, and the portions b3 erive as guide-bearings or supports for the The bolt B, as shown, has a solid head, c, but it is divided back of its head by a longitudinal slot into two tail-pieces, ccz, so that when the bolt is in position there is a tail-piece on each side of said partition, and the latter, at the rear end of the lock, affords guide-bearings on each side for the tail-pieces. At the front end of the lock the partition is cut away, so that the solid head can enter the case.

It will be obvious that the partition b can be slotted from front to rear on a line with the central longitudinal line of the bolt, and that the latter in that case need only be grooved either on its upper or lower sides, or both, without impairing the operation of the bolt or the eiiciency of the partition for the purposes stated.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the gated tumblers d and d' are respectively pivoted to the sides ofthe tail-pieces c c2, and each is provided with a spring, e e, so that as the bolt is moved longitudinally the tumblers are carried with it. In this case, therefore, the stationaryr stumps ff are required for interlocking with the tumblers in a manner well known. The two stumps in this case are the opposite` ends of a piece of wire rmly mounted in the partition; but they may be cast integrally therewith, if desired. The lock shown in Figs. l and 2,being arranged for a barrel-key, is provided with key steps or spindles g g', which are in this case the opposite ends of a piece of `Wire or rod iirmly mounted in the partition.

It will be seen, asindicated in dotted lines in Fig. l, that as the bolt is thrown forward by a key entered on one side of -the lock theidle or inactive tumbler on the opposite side passes freely beneath its stump, while the tumbler in IOO service is placed by the key in line with its stump, and is carried forward with the bolt until it can be properly interlockedwith said stump for securely maintaining the boltin its locked position. In locking and unlocking, the tumbler in service is actuated as in ordinary locks', the inactive or idle tumbler meantime simply moving-with the bolt,and when its movement therewith ceasesit is located so far beneath the stump f that the latter incidentally serves as a stop or abutment.whereby said inactive tumbler is rendered practically immovable on its pivot.

In order that the bolt may be reliably confined within the case, so that it may not be jarred outward, as by the slamming of a door, a bolt-catch, h, is applied in such a way as to be normally engaged with the bolt, and so that the key entered from either side will rst relieve the catch before moving the bolt. This catch may be variously constructed and arranged; but I have in Figs. l and 2 illustrated it as arranged to be released by either of the tumblers when they are tilted or moved by their key preliminary to throwing the bolt. The bolt-catch h is in the form .of an arm pivvIIO y 289,435 f y s oted at one endtothe lock-case over the eengated 'tumblers the bolt-stumps incident,-

tral line ofthe bolt, and its free end,dropping downward, enters and occupies a transverse notch or recess in both tail-pieces and extends beyond each side of the bolt, so as to overhang the vertical plane in which the tumblers are moved. This catch may operate by gravity alone. it being inclined, and it-s lower end heavy enough to cause it to fall freely after it has been lifted; or it may be backed up by a suitable spring, as shown at h. It will be seen that the upper edge oi either tumbler will by coming into contact with the overhanging portion of the bolt-catch lift it ont of the recess in the bolt, and leave the latter free to be moved forward by its key. The bolt-catch may be constructed as illustrated in Fig. 10, wherein the bolt B has two recesses or notches and an intervening convex surface, over which the catch rides freely, and so that its vspring serves to accelerate the terminal ,movements of the bolt in either direction. In this ease the tumblers need not engage with the catch; but it is to be understood that I make no cla-im to said catch, except in combination with independently operated tumblers, and so ari ranged that it will be released from the bolt by the lifting action of either of said tumblers. It is also to be understood that while I disclaim gated bolt-tumblers which have, as heretofore, been connected to a bolt by slotted or sliding` pivotal connections, I do not limit myself to any particular type of gated tumblers, nor to such as are monntedvon or carried'by the bolt, provided, always, that said tumblers are gated i'or the reception of stumps, and their pivots are fixed or stationary with relation to said tumblers, lit being obvious that variations therein may be widely made without in any manneraffecting the results sought by 1ne as, for instance, in Fig. 7 I illustrate pivoted gated tumblers d, secured to Ithe rear end of the lock-case, the bolt B having on each side thereof astump,f, with which its tumbler inter-locks, substantially as before described; an d this forni of tumbler can operate the bolt-catch, if desired, and the stump passes as freely away from an idle or inactive tumbler as the tumblers pass beneath the stationary stumps in 5o Figs. 1 and 2; and with both arrangements of ally serve as stops for locking the inactive tumblers against rotation on their pivots, thus rendering them secure against vertical movement, as when tampered with for inspection; and both forms of tumbler have pivots which are iXed with relation thereto,as distinguished from the prior slotted or sliding pivotal conneetions hereinbei'ore referred to.

I-Iavin g thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to securel by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with a lock-ease having key-holes at each side thereof, and a central longitudinal partition adjacent to said keyholes, of a sliding bolt, independent gated tumblers or sets of gated tumblers at each side of said partition7 and pivots for said tumblers, which are fixed or stationary with relation thereto, substantially as described.

` 2. rIhe combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of a lock-case having akeyhole in each side thereof, a central partition opposite-said key-holes, and a bolt having a longitudinal slot which is occupied by the partition, whereby said partition wholly isolates one side of the loelc from the other, and also serves as a longitudinal guide for the bolt, as set forth.

3. In a lock capable of being locked from either side thereof and to be unlocked only from the locked side, the combination of separate bolt-stumps, and oppositely-located independent gated tumblers having pivots which are stationary or fixed with relation to said tumblers, substantially as described, whereby when a tumbler is actuated by a key it will interlock with one stump, and the opposite tumbler and stump be free from liability of contact with each other, as set forth.

Li. The combination, in a lock, of the bolt, two independent tumblers or sets of tumblers separately accessible to a key from opposite 'sides of the lock, and a bolt-catch which is normally engaged with the bolt, and is disengaged therefrom by either of said tumblers or sets of tumblers, substantially as described.y

V. MUMFORD MOORE. y Witnesses: l

SAML. H. Moons, Enwn. J Moons.

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