US2892005A - Metal melting furnace - Google Patents

Metal melting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US2892005A
US2892005A US546482A US54648255A US2892005A US 2892005 A US2892005 A US 2892005A US 546482 A US546482 A US 546482A US 54648255 A US54648255 A US 54648255A US 2892005 A US2892005 A US 2892005A
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United States
Prior art keywords
metal
holding chamber
hearth
reverberatory
channels
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Expired - Lifetime
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US546482A
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Karl A Lang
Cary H Stevenson
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Lindberg Engineering Co
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Lindberg Engineering Co
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Priority to US546482A priority Critical patent/US2892005A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/16—Furnaces having endless cores
    • H05B6/20—Furnaces having endless cores having melting channel only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type

Definitions

  • This 'invention yrelates to -rnetal melting yfurnaces' and more particularly to a combined fuel tired 'and electric induction furnace.
  • vIt has been the common practice for many years to melt .metal in fuel tired furnaces, such as reverberatory furnaces. In the use of such furnaces, it has been customary to charge the furnace with a full charge and when the metal is melted to tap the hearth and withdraw the molten charge. Furnaces of this type are therefore not adaptable to continuous service where small portions of the complete charge are to be withdrawn periodically or where continuous discharge is desired.
  • Reverberatory furnaces have in some cases been provided with external holding chambers from which molten metal can be ladled or pumped in an effort to meet the demands of continuous service.
  • the metal tends to chill in such holding chambers, however, with the result that metal in the mainhearth must be overheated to maintain the metal in the holding chamber at the proper temperature.
  • Itv is'accordingly one of the objects of the present nvention to provide a metal melting furnace in which an external holding chamber is provided in conjunction with a fuel fired furnace and the metal in the holding chamber is maintained heated by electric induction.
  • Another object is to provide a metal melting furnace, including two holding chambers one of which may serve as a settling or fluxing chamber and the other as either a discharge or charging chamber with the metal in both holding chambers heated by electric induction.
  • the rst holding chamber may be heated by passing hot gases from the reverberatory furnace through a hollow roof thereon.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a metal melting furnace embodying the invention
  • Figure 2 is a transverse section through the furnace of Figure l on the broken line 2 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic plan View of an alternative form of furnace embodying the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a section on the 'broken line 5 5 of Figure 3.
  • the ⁇ furnace of Figures l and 2 comprises a main reverberatory section including a chamber formed of refractory material, or the like, having a door opening 11 at one end which is normally closed by a cover 12.
  • the chamber 10 may be provided with a lateral charging extension 13 through which metal to be melted may -be inserted therein without requiring opening of the furnace chamber and is adapted to hold molten metal in its lower part to substantially the level of line 14 in Figure 2.
  • the main reverberatory chamberll is heated in the usual mannerby burners ⁇ 15 extendingrinto the chamber beneath the closed -arched roof 16 thereof and adapted to burn any suitable fuel, suchy as gas or the like.
  • the hot combustion 'gases will heat the chamber and will melt metal 'in the lower vpart'thereof and maintain the metal molten.”
  • vA holding chamber 18 is mounted in laterallyspaced relation tov the main reverberatory unit and communicates therewith through' submerged inclined channels 19. As shown, two such channels 19 are provided for use with single phase heating current, although if desii-ed three or more channels could be provided for use with polyphase current.V The channels arethreaded by a primary unit including a magnetic core 21 extending between the channels and around one of them and which may carry a primary winding to' be energized by alternating current toy produce a'tiine varying fluxcutting the channels. VAs is-well understood in the art,this
  • metal is charged in the main reverberatory hearth and is melted therein by the heat produced by the fuel burners 415.
  • the molten metal will flow through the channelsl 19 into the vholding'chamber 18 and when the primary 21 is energized heating current will -be energized in the-metal in the channels and heating chamber to maintain it at the desired temperature.
  • the metal in the mainreverberatory hearth can be Vmaintained at the correct temperature' and molten metal can ⁇ be ladled, pumped, or poured from the holding chamber. 18 intermittently'or continuously, as desired.
  • the metalfinthe holding chamber will be maintained at the correct temperature at all times -by the heating current induced in the channels 19 without creating or requiring any excessive heating of metal in any part of the unit. It will also be noted that partial charges of metal can be added to the reverberatory hearth from time to time without creating excessive cooling in the holding chamber so that the furnace is capable of substantially continuous operation.
  • the construction shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 comprises a main reverberatory unit 22 having a closed arched roof 23 and providing a hearth in its lower portion to hold a molten charge.
  • the furnace may be charged through an opening 24 normally closed by a door 25 and may, if desired, be provided with a tapping opening 26.
  • the reverberatory chamber is heated by fuel burners 27 extending into the upper portion thereof and fired by gas or other fuel, as desired.
  • the holding chamber 28 may be provided with an arched roof 31 which is hollow to provide flue passages 32, as best seen in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the passages 32 communicate at one end with the reverberatory chamber and at their other ends are connected to a ue 33 so that hot gases from the reverberatory chamber in owing through the passages 32 will heat the roof 31 of the first holding chamber to maintain the metal molten therein.
  • the first holding chamber communicates with a second holding chamber 34 spaced horizontally from both the first holding chamber and the hearth.
  • the second holding chamber 34 communicates with the rst holding chamber 28 through submerged inclined channels 35 there being two such channels horizontally spaced, as seen in Figure 3.
  • the channels 35 are threaded by a primary unit 36, including a closed magnetic core carrying a Winding which may be energized by alternating current to induce a flow of heating current in the molten metal in the channels and through the metal in the two holding chambers. In this way, the metal in the first holding chamber is additionally heated and the metal in the sec ond holding chamber 34 may be maintained at the correct temperature without interfering with operation of the main reverberatory unit.
  • the main reverberatory hearth may be charged and metal may be withdrawn intermittently or continuously from the second holding chamber 34. If desired, the first holding chamber 28 could be tapped through a tap 37. In either case, the metal throughout the complete furnace installation will be mairr tained at the correct temperature without requiring any overheating.
  • the first holding chamber 28 may be provided with fuel burners 38 in the upper part thereof. Normally such burners will not be required for running, but may be helpful in starting the furnace when the metal therein is in solid condition.
  • a metal melting furnace comprising a main hearth, fuel fired means Ifor heating metal in the main hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the main hearth and communicating therewith to receive molten metal therefrom, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current in the metal therein.
  • a metal melting furnace comprising a main hearth
  • a metal melting furnace comprising a reverberatory unit including a hearth, a roof over the hearth, and fuel burners beneath the roof to heat metal in the hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the reverberatory unit and communicating with the hearth to receive molten metal therefrom, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current in the metal therein.
  • a metal melting furnace comprising a reverberatory unit including a hearth, a roof over the hearth, and fuel burners beneath the roof to heat metal in the hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the reverberatory unit and communicating with the hearth to receive molten metal therefrom, a hollow roof over the first holding chamber communicating with the reverberatory unit to receive heated gas therefrom to heat the metal in the first holding chamber, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current n the metal therein.

Description

June 23, 1959 K. A. LANG Em 2,892,005
,METAL MELTING FURNACE 2 Sheets-Sheet A1 Filed Nov. 14, 1955 ATTURNE YS.
United States *,Patent O METAL MELTING FURNACE Karl A. Lang, Glenview, andCary H. Stevenson, Chicago,
vIll., assguors to Lindberg Engineering Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois 1 This 'invention yrelates to -rnetal melting yfurnaces' and more particularly to a combined fuel tired 'and electric induction furnace.
vIt has been the common practice for many years to melt .metal in fuel tired furnaces, such as reverberatory furnaces. In the use of such furnaces, it has been customary to charge the furnace with a full charge and when the metal is melted to tap the hearth and withdraw the molten charge. Furnaces of this type are therefore not adaptable to continuous service where small portions of the complete charge are to be withdrawn periodically or where continuous discharge is desired.
Reverberatory furnaces have in some cases been provided with external holding chambers from which molten metal can be ladled or pumped in an effort to meet the demands of continuous service. The metal tends to chill in such holding chambers, however, with the result that metal in the mainhearth must be overheated to maintain the metal in the holding chamber at the proper temperature.
Itv is'accordingly one of the objects of the present nvention to provide a metal melting furnace in which an external holding chamber is provided in conjunction with a fuel fired furnace and the metal in the holding chamber is maintained heated by electric induction.
Another object is to provide a metal melting furnace, including two holding chambers one of which may serve as a settling or fluxing chamber and the other as either a discharge or charging chamber with the metal in both holding chambers heated by electric induction.
According to one feature of the invention, the rst holding chamber may be heated by passing hot gases from the reverberatory furnace through a hollow roof thereon.
The above and other objects and features of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a metal melting furnace embodying the invention;
Figure 2 is a transverse section through the furnace of Figure l on the broken line 2 2;
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic plan View of an alternative form of furnace embodying the invention;
Figure 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Figure 3; and
Figure 5 is a section on the 'broken line 5 5 of Figure 3.
The `furnace of Figures l and 2 comprises a main reverberatory section including a chamber formed of refractory material, or the like, having a door opening 11 at one end which is normally closed by a cover 12. The chamber 10 may be provided with a lateral charging extension 13 through which metal to be melted may -be inserted therein without requiring opening of the furnace chamber and is adapted to hold molten metal in its lower part to substantially the level of line 14 in Figure 2.
2,892,005 .s Patented Junel'l23`,
ice
The main reverberatory chamberll is heated in the usual mannerby burners` 15 extendingrinto the chamber beneath the closed -arched roof 16 thereof and adapted to burn any suitable fuel, suchy as gas or the like. Thecornbustio'n gases llow across the roof of the furnace and may be discharged through a ue 17, as seen in Figure l. The hot combustion 'gases will heat the chamber and will melt metal 'in the lower vpart'thereof and maintain the metal molten."
vA holding chamber 18 is mounted in laterallyspaced relation tov the main reverberatory unit and communicates therewith through' submerged inclined channels 19. As shown, two such channels 19 are provided for use with single phase heating current, although if desii-ed three or more channels could be provided for use with polyphase current.V The channels arethreaded by a primary unit including a magnetic core 21 extending between the channels and around one of them and which may carry a primary winding to' be energized by alternating current toy produce a'tiine varying fluxcutting the channels. VAs is-well understood in the art,this
will induce a flow of heating cunrent inthe' channels :through the closed loop created by the channels, the main reverberatory hearth and the holding chamber.
In use of the furnace, metal is charged in the main reverberatory hearth and is melted therein by the heat produced by the fuel burners 415. The molten metal will flow through the channelsl 19 into the vholding'chamber 18 and when the primary 21 is energized heating current will -be energized in the-metal in the channels and heating chamber to maintain it at the desired temperature. Thus, with this construction the metal in the mainreverberatory hearth can be Vmaintained at the correct temperature' and molten metal can `be ladled, pumped, or poured from the holding chamber. 18 intermittently'or continuously, as desired. The metalfinthe holding chamber will be maintained at the correct temperature at all times -by the heating current induced in the channels 19 without creating or requiring any excessive heating of metal in any part of the unit. It will also be noted that partial charges of metal can be added to the reverberatory hearth from time to time without creating excessive cooling in the holding chamber so that the furnace is capable of substantially continuous operation.
The construction shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 comprises a main reverberatory unit 22 having a closed arched roof 23 and providing a hearth in its lower portion to hold a molten charge. The furnace may be charged through an opening 24 normally closed by a door 25 and may, if desired, be provided with a tapping opening 26. The reverberatory chamber is heated by fuel burners 27 extending into the upper portion thereof and fired by gas or other fuel, as desired.
A rst holding chamber 28 displaced horizontally from the reverberatory hearth communicates therewith through a submerged port 29 to receive molten metal from the reverberatory hearth. The holding chamber 28 may be provided with an arched roof 31 which is hollow to provide flue passages 32, as best seen in Figures 4 and 5. The passages 32 communicate at one end with the reverberatory chamber and at their other ends are connected to a ue 33 so that hot gases from the reverberatory chamber in owing through the passages 32 will heat the roof 31 of the first holding chamber to maintain the metal molten therein.
The first holding chamber communicates with a second holding chamber 34 spaced horizontally from both the first holding chamber and the hearth. The second holding chamber 34 communicates with the rst holding chamber 28 through submerged inclined channels 35 there being two such channels horizontally spaced, as seen in Figure 3. The channels 35 are threaded by a primary unit 36, including a closed magnetic core carrying a Winding which may be energized by alternating current to induce a flow of heating current in the molten metal in the channels and through the metal in the two holding chambers. In this way, the metal in the first holding chamber is additionally heated and the metal in the sec ond holding chamber 34 may be maintained at the correct temperature without interfering with operation of the main reverberatory unit.
In using this furnace the main reverberatory hearth may be charged and metal may be withdrawn intermittently or continuously from the second holding chamber 34. If desired, the first holding chamber 28 could be tapped through a tap 37. In either case, the metal throughout the complete furnace installation will be mairr tained at the correct temperature without requiring any overheating.
For starting up the furnace after shut down to assist in melting the initial charge, the first holding chamber 28 may be provided with fuel burners 38 in the upper part thereof. Normally such burners will not be required for running, but may be helpful in starting the furnace when the metal therein is in solid condition.
While two embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, it will be understood that they are illustrative only and not to be taken as a definition of the scope of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A metal melting furnace comprising a main hearth, fuel fired means Ifor heating metal in the main hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the main hearth and communicating therewith to receive molten metal therefrom, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current in the metal therein.
2. A metal melting furnace comprising a main hearth,
fuel fired means for heating metal in the main hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the main hearth and communicating therewith to receive molten metal therefrom, a roof over the first holding chamber, means to heat the roof thereby to heat metal in the first holding chamber, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current in the metal therein.
3. A metal melting furnace comprising a reverberatory unit including a hearth, a roof over the hearth, and fuel burners beneath the roof to heat metal in the hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the reverberatory unit and communicating with the hearth to receive molten metal therefrom, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current in the metal therein.
4. A metal melting furnace comprising a reverberatory unit including a hearth, a roof over the hearth, and fuel burners beneath the roof to heat metal in the hearth, a first holding chamber spaced from the reverberatory unit and communicating with the hearth to receive molten metal therefrom, a hollow roof over the first holding chamber communicating with the reverberatory unit to receive heated gas therefrom to heat the metal in the first holding chamber, a second holding chamber spaced from the first holding chamber, submerged channels connecting the first and second holding chambers, and a primary threading the channels to induce heating current n the metal therein.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,694,536 Foley Dec. 11, 1928 1,851,575 Greene Mar. 29, 1932 2,067,110 Wyatt Jan. 5, 1937 2,106,456 Howard et al. Jan. 25, 1938
US546482A 1955-11-14 1955-11-14 Metal melting furnace Expired - Lifetime US2892005A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3059038A (en) * 1958-08-22 1962-10-16 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Smelting furnaces
US3123658A (en) * 1964-03-03 Inclined furnace
US3591698A (en) * 1966-11-09 1971-07-06 Ass Elect Ind Metal treatment apparatus
US3844453A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-10-29 Modern Equipment Co Apparatus and method for melting and pouring metal
US3991263A (en) * 1973-09-03 1976-11-09 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Means for tapping
US4336922A (en) * 1979-06-08 1982-06-29 Gesellschaft Fur Huttenwerksanlagen Mbh Continuously tapped cupola furnace
US4596020A (en) * 1982-10-18 1986-06-17 Asea Ab Metal melting and melt heat retaining furnace

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1694536A (en) * 1920-03-13 1928-12-11 Charles B Foley Inc Electric furnace
US1851575A (en) * 1928-12-03 1932-03-29 Albert E Greene Electric induction furnace
US2067110A (en) * 1934-03-29 1937-01-05 Ajax Electric Furnace Corp Superheating induction furnace
US2106456A (en) * 1935-07-24 1938-01-25 Ajax Electric Furnace Corp Apparatus for handling molten metal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1694536A (en) * 1920-03-13 1928-12-11 Charles B Foley Inc Electric furnace
US1851575A (en) * 1928-12-03 1932-03-29 Albert E Greene Electric induction furnace
US2067110A (en) * 1934-03-29 1937-01-05 Ajax Electric Furnace Corp Superheating induction furnace
US2106456A (en) * 1935-07-24 1938-01-25 Ajax Electric Furnace Corp Apparatus for handling molten metal

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123658A (en) * 1964-03-03 Inclined furnace
US3059038A (en) * 1958-08-22 1962-10-16 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Smelting furnaces
US3591698A (en) * 1966-11-09 1971-07-06 Ass Elect Ind Metal treatment apparatus
US3844453A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-10-29 Modern Equipment Co Apparatus and method for melting and pouring metal
US3991263A (en) * 1973-09-03 1976-11-09 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Means for tapping
US4336922A (en) * 1979-06-08 1982-06-29 Gesellschaft Fur Huttenwerksanlagen Mbh Continuously tapped cupola furnace
US4596020A (en) * 1982-10-18 1986-06-17 Asea Ab Metal melting and melt heat retaining furnace

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