US2882439A - Travelling wave tube device - Google Patents

Travelling wave tube device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2882439A
US2882439A US535233A US53523355A US2882439A US 2882439 A US2882439 A US 2882439A US 535233 A US535233 A US 535233A US 53523355 A US53523355 A US 53523355A US 2882439 A US2882439 A US 2882439A
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United States
Prior art keywords
magnetic
waveguide
tube
travelling wave
wave tube
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US535233A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nishio Hidehiko
Yasuda Susumu
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
    • H01J23/0873—Magnetic focusing arrangements with at least one axial-field reversal along the interaction space, e.g. P.P.M. focusing

Definitions

  • this focussing field need not be uniform and it is advantageous that magnetic induction field on the axis of the electron tube, such as the travelling wave tube and the like, to be varied periodically along its length, tor instance, with a sine wave pattern.
  • a principal advantage of having the externally applied field such an alternating field is that travelling-wave tube device can be considerably reduced in size in comparison with the uniform field type which has been used widely up to this time.
  • travelling-wave tube device can be considerably reduced in size in comparison with the uniform field type which has been used widely up to this time.
  • a discontinuity is produced in the magnetic circuit due to the electromag netic waveguide input and output couplers for the tube so that formation of the electron beam which having a desired unified diameter at these coupling points is diflicult.
  • the spacing of the pole piece at the waveguide should be as small as possible to avoid a discontinuous field.
  • e and m are an electric charge and a mass respectively of an electron
  • B is a maximum magnetic induction of alternating field on the axis
  • B is a helix electrode voltage
  • L is the period all in the metric system.
  • the spacing of the pole pieces installed in line between to the electromagnetic waveguide be a half of the above-mentioned period for the alternating field to be continuous at the open space portion of the electro-magnetic waveguide.
  • the width of the electromagnetic waveguide used generally is larger than a half of the period L, which is fixed with respect to the ordinary tube, the abovementioned arrangement wherein the spacing of the pole piece is made as large as the width of the electromagnetic waveguide, is not desirable for the desired electron beam focussing efiect.
  • the present invention avoids from such faults and, moreover, simplifies the configuration of the tube device and is characterized in that the electromagnetic waveguide itself is made of iron or other substance having a large permeability so that it provides an advantage that special pole piece for producing of the field is not'always necessary.
  • FIG. 1 is a travelling wave tube
  • 2 are cylindrical magnets and each of them is so placed as their magnetic pole having a same symbol to oppose that of the neighbouring one.
  • the said magnets 2 may be either permanent magnets or electromagnets.
  • Numeral 3 indicates iron yokes which are combined to the magnets 2 so that magnitude in the axial direction of the magnetic field on the tube axis is so distributed along the axis as to form an approximate sine wave pattern.
  • Numeral 4 indicates an electromagnetic waveguide for power input or output.
  • the wallplates. 5 perpendicular to the tube axis of the tube are made of a ferromagnetic substance and provided with the projections 6 which per forms the role of a magnetic shorting plate.
  • These magnetic shorting plates 6 may be shaped as desired and need not be integral with the electromagnetic waveguide, however, the unitary construction provides the advantage of simplification of structure and effective utilization of space.
  • the wallplate 5 is not necessarily constructed completely of ferromagnetic material. From a practical view point it is desirable to provide a volume of magnetic material suflicient to assure that the magnetic resistance may be ignored for practical use compared with that one of the open space.
  • the electromagnetic waveguide On the inner surface at the tube the electromagnetic waveguide may be coated with a good conductor material for prevention of electric wave loss.
  • Nonmagnetic substance for example brass or copper
  • a piston 7 of non-magnetic material is provided for matching the impedance between the tube and the input and output electromagnetic waveguide circuit.
  • Magnets 8 shaped as desired are used to complete a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the wall-plates 5 so that a necessary magnetic flux distribution is made across the gap between the walls of the electromagnetic waveguide.
  • the present invention in connection with a travelling wave tube device, having a waveguide type input and output, it is not limited to travelling wave tubes but may be applied to similar devices in which the focusing field is interrupted by input and output circuits serving to receive or emit micro-wave Patented Apr. 14, 1959 power-"orto match the impedance between the external circuits and the tube input.
  • the invention is not limited only to the case wherein the alternatingfield is used, but can-produce a unified, field through any Waveguide gap no matter what type of field'is used, in a simple manner.
  • a travelling wave tube comprising an envelope, means to project an electron beam along a given path within said envelope, helical transmission means mounted within said envelope and extending along said path for transmitting electric wave energy for interaction with said beam, a rectangular waveguide of substantially uniform means external of said envelope for electric wave energy transfer, said waveguide having walls transverse of said transmission means and walls parallel to said 'transr'nis sion means, and focussing means for said beam, comprisa series of magnet means aligned longitudinally of said beam and positioned with like poles adjacent one another, elements of magnetic material extending from said magnet means into close proximity with said beam for focussing said beam, said elements being spaced apart a distance less than the spacing of the longitudinally spaced walls of said wave guide, said transverse walls of said waveguide adjacent said beam being of material of high magnetic permeability to preserve the focus of the magnetic field within the space of said waveguide and said parallel walls being of non-magnetic material.
  • a traveling wave tube according to claim 1 further comprising portions of high magnetic permeability matth rial forming extensions of said transverse walls extending beyond the outer periphery of said magnetic means, in spaced parallel relation, whereby an eifective magnetic shunt of relatively low reluctance is provided across the dimensions throughout coupled with said transmission space between said transverse walls.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US535233A 1954-11-12 1955-09-19 Travelling wave tube device Expired - Lifetime US2882439A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2882439X 1954-11-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2882439A true US2882439A (en) 1959-04-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US535233A Expired - Lifetime US2882439A (en) 1954-11-12 1955-09-19 Travelling wave tube device

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US (1) US2882439A (de)
BE (1) BE545514A (de)
NL (1) NL201701A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2965782A (en) * 1958-03-12 1960-12-20 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Magnetic focusing systems for travelling wave tubes
US2991382A (en) * 1958-03-20 1961-07-04 Nippon Electric Co Electron beam tube focusing device
US3001094A (en) * 1959-01-14 1961-09-19 Nippon Electric Co Magnetic focusing device
US3027484A (en) * 1958-03-29 1962-03-27 Kobe Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Periodic magnetic focussing system for travelling wave tubes
US3106659A (en) * 1959-03-24 1963-10-08 Kearfott Company Inc Microwave tube construction

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1080230A (fr) * 1952-07-01 1954-12-07 Philips Nv Dispositif de concentration magnétique pour faisceaux électroniques
US2741718A (en) * 1953-03-10 1956-04-10 Sperry Rand Corp High frequency apparatus
US2797360A (en) * 1953-03-26 1957-06-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave amplifiers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1080230A (fr) * 1952-07-01 1954-12-07 Philips Nv Dispositif de concentration magnétique pour faisceaux électroniques
US2741718A (en) * 1953-03-10 1956-04-10 Sperry Rand Corp High frequency apparatus
US2797360A (en) * 1953-03-26 1957-06-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave amplifiers

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2965782A (en) * 1958-03-12 1960-12-20 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Magnetic focusing systems for travelling wave tubes
US2991382A (en) * 1958-03-20 1961-07-04 Nippon Electric Co Electron beam tube focusing device
US3027484A (en) * 1958-03-29 1962-03-27 Kobe Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Periodic magnetic focussing system for travelling wave tubes
US3001094A (en) * 1959-01-14 1961-09-19 Nippon Electric Co Magnetic focusing device
US3106659A (en) * 1959-03-24 1963-10-08 Kearfott Company Inc Microwave tube construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE545514A (de)
NL201701A (de)

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