US288150A - aikee - Google Patents
aikee Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US288150A US288150A US288150DA US288150A US 288150 A US288150 A US 288150A US 288150D A US288150D A US 288150DA US 288150 A US288150 A US 288150A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- bath
- acid
- cyanide
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ORXDSIPBTFAEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocyanide Chemical compound N#C[Fe-4](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N ORXDSIPBTFAEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanogen Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000078 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 231100001010 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000266 injurious Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
Definitions
- My improved cleaning-bath maybe used for cleaning metallic surfaces of oxides or foreign substan ces; but it is especially adapted to and valuable for cleaning wire or wire rods, either preparatory to their being drawn or preparatory to their being coated with zinc, tin, cop- 'per, or other metal, or for other purposes.
- the iron becomes fibrous and requires to be annealed to render it ductile, and in the operation of annealing its surface becomes more or less covered with an oxide scale, which must be removed before the operation of drawing can be continued.
- This is commonly done by immersing the wire in a hot bath of diluted sulphuric acid for a shorttime, and then checking the action of the acid upon the metal, or
- the wire or wire rods are then coated or covered with a paste of meal or flour, clay, or a solution of salt or of lime, or of salt and lime, either alone or in connection with oil or fatty substances, which act as lubricants to the surface of the wire as it passes through the die-plates.
- a bath formed by addin g to water acleaning corrosive acid In case the wire is to be drawn I use sulphuric acid.
- I add cyanogen In other eases-such as when coating with zinc or tin-hydrochloric or nitromuriatic acid may 'be used, and to the acid and water I add cyanogen, generally and for convenience in the form of a metallic cyanide.
- the improved wire or metal cleaning bath herein described consisting of a mixture, with a sulphuric-acidbath, of the cyanide of potassium, as described, and for the purpose set forth.
- the improved wire or metal cleaning bath herein described consisting of a mixture, with a suitable acid cleaning-bath, of a soluble metallic cyanide, as described, and for the purpose set forth.
Description
BENJAMIN r. AIKEN, JR, or MILLBURY, ASSIGNOB or onnrmrr 'ro CHARLES W. NEWHALL, 3a., or won'ons'rnn, MASS.
WIRE OR METAL CLEANlNG BATH.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,150, dated November 6, 1883. Application filed April 3, 1883. (No specimens.)
T aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. AIKEN, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Millbury, in the county of lVorcester and State 5 of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Wire and Metal Cleaning Baths, of which the following is a specification, containing such a full, clear, and exact description as will enable any one skilled in the art to use the same.
My improved cleaning-bath maybe used for cleaning metallic surfaces of oxides or foreign substan ces; but it is especially adapted to and valuable for cleaning wire or wire rods, either preparatory to their being drawn or preparatory to their being coated with zinc, tin, cop- 'per, or other metal, or for other purposes.
In the successive processes of drawing wire the iron becomes fibrous and requires to be annealed to render it ductile, and in the operation of annealing its surface becomes more or less covered with an oxide scale, which must be removed before the operation of drawing can be continued. This is commonly done by immersing the wire in a hot bath of diluted sulphuric acid for a shorttime, and then checking the action of the acid upon the metal, or
devitriolizing it, by immersing the wire in a bath of hot water or subjecting it to a current of cold water; otherwise the excessive action of the acid bath would render the wire brittleand unfit to be drawn. The wire or wire rods are then coated or covered with a paste of meal or flour, clay, or a solution of salt or of lime, or of salt and lime, either alone or in connection with oil or fatty substances, which act as lubricants to the surface of the wire as it passes through the die-plates.
I use, instead of the bath of dilute sulphuric acid above mentioned, a bath formed by addin g to water acleaning corrosive acid. In case the wire is to be drawn I use sulphuric acid. In other eases-such as when coating with zinc or tin-hydrochloric or nitromuriatic acid may 'be used, and to the acid and water I add cyanogen, generally and for convenience in the form of a metallic cyanide. In practice I prefer the cyanide of potassium, and to each gallon of water I use from one to eight ounces of 50 sulphuric acid, and from one-eighth ofan ounce to one ounce of the cyanide of potassium. The condition and size of the wire and othervarying circumstances render it impossible to state 7 the exact strength of the bath required or the exact proportion of the several ingredients 5 5 suitable under all the varying conditions of use; but these can be readily ascertained and determined by any one skilled in the art as the occasion demands.
By the combination, with an acid cleaningbath, of cyanogen in the form of a soluble metallic cyanide I increase the efficiency of the acid bath and effect a great saving in the cost of cleaning. I also obviate to a considerableextent the injurious results of the eX- cessive action of the sulphuric-acid bath in rendering the iron brittle, arising either from the absorption of free hydrogen or from other causes. A coating of ferro cyanide is also formed upon the surface of the wire, which in some cases may enable it to be drawn one or more times without the use of the flour, clay, salt, or lime coating commonly employed, and in case such a coating is used the. ferro-cyanide coating formed in the bath will aid in the lubrication of the wire.
The employment of a ferro-cyanide coating or covering as a lubricant in the process of wire-drawing, although considered new and useful, I do not herein claim, deemingv it advisable to make such a use the subject of a separate application.
I apply heat to the cleaning-bath by either heating it in a kettle orby introducinga steamjet, or by any known and convenient method. If, however, a steam-jet is used, the bath will undergo a constant dilution, owing to the condensation of the steam, which may be easily provided for, as is now done in the ease of the sulphuric-acid bath. After the immersion of the wire a sufficient length of time, which will vary according to the condition and size of the wire, I check the action of the bath by subjecting the wire to a currentof cold water, or by the use of any of the known means for the purpose. In some cases the bath may preferably be used cold.
For greater convenience in using the cleaning-bath herein described, I prefer, instead of employing the several ingredients separately, 10o
2 assnrso to use a solution of the acid and the cyanide, Which Will then only require the proper dilution with Water to render it adaptable for use.
I am aware that a solution of the cyanide of potassium has been long in use as a menstruum or solvent solution for various metals in the process of electro-deposition. Such an application I do not claim; but
hat I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. The improved wire or metal cleaning bath herein described, consisting of a mixture, with a sulphuric-acidbath, of the cyanide of potassium, as described, and for the purpose set forth.
2. The improved Wire or metal cleaningwith a sulphuric-acid bath, of a soluble metallic cyanide, as described, and for the purpose set forth. Y
3. The improved wire or metal cleaning bath herein described, consisting of a mixture, with a suitable acid cleaning-bath, of a soluble metallic cyanide, as described, and for the purpose set forth.
. BENJ. 1: AIKEN, JR; Vitnesses:
R. B. FOWLER, MIRIcK H. Oo nIN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US288150A true US288150A (en) | 1883-11-06 |
Family
ID=2357344
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US288150D Expired - Lifetime US288150A (en) | aikee |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US288150A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2522176A (en) * | 1947-10-14 | 1950-09-12 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Drawing ferrous wire and other metal-working processes |
US2887373A (en) * | 1948-07-09 | 1959-05-19 | Harry W Winkler | Method of cleaning metal surfaces |
-
0
- US US288150D patent/US288150A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2522176A (en) * | 1947-10-14 | 1950-09-12 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Drawing ferrous wire and other metal-working processes |
US2887373A (en) * | 1948-07-09 | 1959-05-19 | Harry W Winkler | Method of cleaning metal surfaces |
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