US287905A - Francois carves - Google Patents

Description

2 S. E V R A NU R COKE OVEN.

Patented NOV. 6, 1883.

dij.

UNITED STATES PATENT Critics..`

FRANQOIS CARY/TES, OF ST. ETIENNE, FRANCE.

COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,905, dated November 6, 1883.

Apniication filed May 9, 1883. (No model.) Patented in England June 28, 1879, No. 52,816.

- partment de la Loire, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, (for which Let-ters Patent for Great Britain have been obtained, No. 2,616, dated June 2S, 1879,) of which the following is a specification. A

My invention relates to a construction and arrangement of coke-ovens and apparatus connected therewith, whereby the coking of coal isv more completely eifected than in cokeovens of ordinary construction, with anV economy of fuel, and the tar, ammoniacal, and other products from the distillation of the coal are collected in a condition which renders then more' readily available for use. `Each oven, accord! ing to this invention,` is in the Well-known form of along narrow chamber of brick-Work, and a number of these are built side by side,L with partitioirwalls between them sufficiently thick to contain flues. l Flues are also formed under the floor of each oven, and at one end of these is a fire-place, consisting of a firegrate and ash-pit with suitable doors, the firedoor having iitted above it a nozzle, through which air'and gas ,produced from the coking are admitted vto form a flame over the fuel burning on the grate. Y The products of combustion pass from the fire-place along a flue under the oven-fioor to the end farthest from the fire. They may return along another flue under the iioor to the iire end. They then ascend by a fine in the partition-Wall to the uppermost of several hues formed therein, and descend in a zigzag direction along these flues, finally passing into a horizontal channel lead# ing to a chimney. Thus the coke-oven is' heated not only at the bottom in the usual manner, but alsoat the sides, the heat being distributed in a very uniform manner by causing the combustion-gases to travel downward in the zigzag flue, as described, and the coal with which the oven is charged becomes rapf idly and completely colred, While the principal part of the heat of the fuel and gas consumed at the fireplace is utilized. The ovens are fed with coal by openings in the roof, over `which the coal-trucks are run on rails, and

during previous distillation.

provided with covers that are closed tightly.

Through the middle of the roof rises a gaspipe provided with a hydraulic valve, which closes the passage by a lip projecting down from it into an annular cavity surrounding its sealing, in which it is immersed in a portion of tar and ammoniacal liquor lodged there The productsy of the coal distillation Which'come oif in gaseous form rise by the gas-pipe, and are led through a range of pipes kept cool by external wetting, so that the tar and amnioniacal liquor become condensed and separated from the combustible gas. These cooling-pipes are conveniently arranged in pyramidal form, surmounted by `a. Water-pipe having numerous holes, so that a shower of Water descending on the uppermost of the cooling-pipes and on the outermost is scattered over all Atheir surfaces.. The gas, when separated from the condensed materials, is passed through scrubber's or vessels containing coke moistened by the ammoniacal liquor, which, being repeatedly used, becomes stronger and stronger until itreaches saturation, when it is run off into reservoirs to be treated in the ordinary Way for the preparation of ammonia and its compounds. The gas, being sufliciently puriiied, is led by pipes to the nozzles at the fire-places of the ovens, where it is burned. Itis preferred to employ exhausters to draw off the gaseous products of distillation, and when these areV employed the hydraulic valves of the ovens that are open for charging and discharging have no be carefully closed, in order to prevent admixture of air with the combustible gases. In the drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse section, partly in elevation, of a range of several coke-ovens according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one of the partition-Walls. Fi g. 3 is a plan on the line X X of Fig. l, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through one of the ovens. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the cooling-pipes, showing the pyramidal arrangement thereof.

s the valve.

M is the lire-place, from which the products of combustion pass by ilues a b c, under the floor of the oven F, to ascending-fines d ve, formed in the side and partition walls, whence they pass by zigzag fluesV e f g h i 7' in these walls tothe descending-flue j k, whence they are conducted by the horizontal flue L to the chimney-shaft. Feeding-holes B (whic'h"- can be-tightly closed by covers) are provided through the crown of the oven, and,for con- Venience of feeding, theI fuel-supply may be brought over these holes in trucks ruiming on rails, as shgwn inFig. 4. yThrough the crown of each oven risesthe gas-pipe P, branching into a valve-box, X, in whichthere is avalv'e, V, that can be lowered over a lip, T, projecting upward, so that there is a liquid-seal for When the valve V is raised, as shown in Fig. 4, the gaseous products of the coking pass by the pipes R and U to suitable exhausters, being cooled on their way by passing through coils of pipes exposed to currents of air or water. These coils are with advantage arranged in pyramidal form, as shown at Fig. 5, and wetted by water issuing by numerous perforations from a pipe, Q, placed above the highest length of the pipe-coil. The cooling effected by the passage of the gaseous matters to and fro through this coil effects condensation of the tar and ammoniacal liquor, which are allowed to flow into vessels, where they are separated by settlement. The uncondensed gases pass from the exhauster'through scrubbers, consisting of columns of coke, whichl are moistened with some of the ammoniac-al liquor separated from the tar, the liquid being thus rendered stronger by further condensation from the gas during its passage through the scrubbers.` From the scrubbers the gas is led by a pipe, S, and branches N, provided with stop-cocks n, to nozzles Y, opening into the fire-places above the fuel on the fire-grate. The flame, passing along the flues above described,

l. In a closed coke-oven heated by external I firing, the combination ofthe coking-chambers, the partition-walls, the horizontal zigzag flues in the partition-walls, communicating at their upper ends with the flues beneath the bed of the oven leading from the firing-place, and at their lower ends with the chimney, so that the hot combustiongases shall pass to the top of the zigzag flue and travel downward therein before escaping to the chimney, substantially as described.

2. rlhe combination of the closed cokeovens heated by external firing, th`e heating-fines beneath the bed of the ovens, the horizontal zigzag iiues in the side walls, and the described means for leading off the combustible gases distilled from the coal, separating therefrom the condensible by-products and using them for combustion, as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of the iire-place M, flues a b c, under the iioor of the oven F, ascendingflues d e, formed in the side and partition walls, zigzag flues e f g h i j, descending-fines J K, and horizontal flue L, leading to the chimneyshaft.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speci fcation, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 16th day of April, A.

FRANQOIS CARVES. f v 'Vitnesses:

J AcQUEs MANLINT, REN SAvoY.

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