US2875504A - Methods of processing pile fabrics - Google Patents

Methods of processing pile fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US2875504A
US2875504A US658740A US65874057A US2875504A US 2875504 A US2875504 A US 2875504A US 658740 A US658740 A US 658740A US 65874057 A US65874057 A US 65874057A US 2875504 A US2875504 A US 2875504A
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Prior art keywords
pile
shrinkable
fabric
methods
pile fabrics
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US658740A
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William L White
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Collins and Aikman Corp
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Collins and Aikman Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
    • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
    • D06Q1/06—Decorating textiles by local treatment of pile fabrics with chemical means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41H—APPLIANCES OR METHODS FOR MAKING CLOTHES, e.g. FOR DRESS-MAKING OR FOR TAILORING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A41H41/00—Machines or appliances for making garments from natural or artificial fur
    • A41H41/005—Machines or appliances for making garments from artificial fur
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23929—Edge feature or configured or discontinuous surface
    • Y10T428/23936—Differential pile length or surface

Definitions

  • Patent V2,375,504 MErrrons oF PROCESSING PILE FABRICS This invention relates to methods of processing pile fabrics having either a woven or a knitted foundation or base and pile of different heights formed from shrinkable and non-shrinkable yarns.
  • the aim of my inventionV is to make it possible to effect linear contraction of the pile of the shrinkable yarns in fabrics of the kind referred to without appreciably affecting the pile ends of the nou-shrinkable yarns, and without attendant stilfening or hardening either of the base or of the pile and causing them to be rough or coarse to the touch.
  • Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic view, in longitudinal section, of one form of cut high pile fabric, as it comes in the greige from the loom or knitting machine, for the processing of which my improved method is well adapted to create a fur-like effect with ends in imitation of beard hairs projecting from simulated underpelt.
  • Fig. 2 shows one form of apparatus for carrying out my improved processing method.
  • Fig. 3 shows the finished material after having been washed and brushed to smooth the pile in one direction.
  • Fig. 4 shows another form of apparatus in which the processing can be accomplished in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a fragment of ornamented tuft pile upholstering or carpet fabric of the carved type such as can be produced in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view in section taken as indicated by the angled arrows VI--VI in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 shows a fragment of ornamented loop pile upholstering fabric which, likewise, can be produced in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view in section taken as indicated by the angled arrows VIII--VIII in Fig. 7.
  • the fabric exemplied and diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1, may have either a woven or knitted base or foundation web 1.
  • the fabric of Fig. l has long pile ends formed from shrinkable yarn designated 2 and represented as being composed of multiple iibers or iilaments and twisted, and correspondingly long ⁇ pile ends formed from untwisted non-shrinkable yarn' and of one or more filaments designated 3.
  • the yarns used for the pile may beeither of natural or synthetic fibers having the required characteristics and of the same or of different deniers, or ⁇ they may dilfer in In the fabric as it comes from the loom or the knitting machine, the ⁇ pile ends are all substantially uniform in height as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the fabric is progressed, back face downward, and at a uniform speed over a surface 4, which, as exemplified, may be electrically heated by an imbedded resistance coil 5.
  • a surface 4 which, as exemplified, may be electrically heated by an imbedded resistance coil 5.
  • the pile ends 2 of the shrinkable yarn are progressively contracted linearly and open up, while the- ⁇ pile ⁇ ends 3' of the non-shrinkableV yarn' are unaffected and maintainedA substantially at; their original height as conventionally shown in Fig. 2.
  • the base material is: notshrunken by the heating of the fabric or otherwise di-f mensionally ⁇ affected.
  • Non-shrinkable Pre-shrunk dynel Pre-shrunk viscose Pre-shrunk Orlon Pre-shrunk Daeron Natural fiber shrinkable Spun dynel Spun Orlon 6 denier filament dynel 6 denier filament Orlon lt is to be understood however, that heat shrinkable fibers other than those listed could, of course, ⁇ be used if desired or found to be more advantageous.
  • the fabric may be finally subject to a washing and brushing treatment whereby the shrunken pile ends are smoothed, together with the unshrunken ends, in one direction as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the fabric is made to simulate natural animal fur with the unshrunken ⁇ ends extending, like beard hairs, beyond simu- Vlated underpelt formed by the shrunken pile ends.
  • ryarns were originallyof the sameheight as the pile tufts 3a formed from non-shrinkable yarns, and that said tufts 2a were shrunken as a consequence of heating the back of the foundation web 1a after the manner described in connection with Fig. 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Description

w. L. WHITE 2,875,504 METHODS oF PROCESSING PILE: FABRICS March 3, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 13, 1957 """klt March 3, 1959 Filed May 13, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY www ATToRNEx/s color.
United States. Patent V2,375,504 MErrrons oF PROCESSING PILE FABRICS This invention relates to methods of processing pile fabrics having either a woven or a knitted foundation or base and pile of different heights formed from shrinkable and non-shrinkable yarns.
The aim of my inventionV is to make it possible to effect linear contraction of the pile of the shrinkable yarns in fabrics of the kind referred to without appreciably affecting the pile ends of the nou-shrinkable yarns, and without attendant stilfening or hardening either of the base or of the pile and causing them to be rough or coarse to the touch.
How the foregoing objective and its advantages are realized in practice will appear from the following detailed description of the attached drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic view, in longitudinal section, of one form of cut high pile fabric, as it comes in the greige from the loom or knitting machine, for the processing of which my improved method is well adapted to create a fur-like effect with ends in imitation of beard hairs projecting from simulated underpelt.
Fig. 2 shows one form of apparatus for carrying out my improved processing method.
Fig. 3 shows the finished material after having been washed and brushed to smooth the pile in one direction.
Fig. 4 shows another form of apparatus in which the processing can be accomplished in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 5 shows a fragment of ornamented tuft pile upholstering or carpet fabric of the carved type such as can be produced in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view in section taken as indicated by the angled arrows VI--VI in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 shows a fragment of ornamented loop pile upholstering fabric which, likewise, can be produced in accordance with my invention; and
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view in section taken as indicated by the angled arrows VIII--VIII in Fig. 7.
` The fabric exemplied and diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1, may have either a woven or knitted base or foundation web 1. The fabric of Fig. l has long pile ends formed from shrinkable yarn designated 2 and represented as being composed of multiple iibers or iilaments and twisted, and correspondingly long `pile ends formed from untwisted non-shrinkable yarn' and of one or more filaments designated 3. It is to be understood that the yarns used for the pile may beeither of natural or synthetic fibers having the required characteristics and of the same or of different deniers, or `they may dilfer in In the fabric as it comes from the loom or the knitting machine, the `pile ends are all substantially uniform in height as shown in Fig. 1.
In the apparatus of Fig. 2, the fabric is progressed, back face downward, and at a uniform speed over a surface 4, which, as exemplified, may be electrically heated by an imbedded resistance coil 5. As the fabric is advanced over the surface 4, it will be seen that, Vby action of the heat, the pile ends 2 of the shrinkable yarn are progressively contracted linearly and open up, while the-` pile` ends 3' of the non-shrinkableV yarn' are unaffected and maintainedA substantially at; their original height as conventionally shown in Fig. 2. Due to heating of the fabric from the back only, thercontraction of the shrinkable pile endsf'Z takes place,` for the most part, in theregion of their anchorage in the base 1, so that the distal portions thereof remain` soft and smooth to the touch.
Asshown in thedrawings, the base material is: notshrunken by the heating of the fabric or otherwise di-f mensionally` affected.
Various kinds ofshrinkable and nonshrinkable pilev yarns, such as listed below for example, canl beused*` Non-shrinkable Pre-shrunk dynel Pre-shrunk viscose Pre-shrunk Orlon Pre-shrunk Daeron Natural fiber shrinkable Spun dynel Spun Orlon 6 denier filament dynel 6 denier filament Orlon lt is to be understood however, that heat shrinkable fibers other than those listed could, of course, `be used if desired or found to be more advantageous.
Excellent and highly satisfactory results are obtained by passing the fabric back face downward over a heated surface maintained at a temperature of 390 F. It is to be understood however, that the temperature can be varied within wide limits depending upon the time of exposure. It is only necessary to maintain a minimum temperature suiiicient to heat the shrinkable fibers to their individual plastic flow point. This will vary with different fibers.
After being processed, as above explained, the fabric may be finally subject to a washing and brushing treatment whereby the shrunken pile ends are smoothed, together with the unshrunken ends, in one direction as shown in Fig. 3. By these subsequent steps, the fabric is made to simulate natural animal fur with the unshrunken` ends extending, like beard hairs, beyond simu- Vlated underpelt formed by the shrunken pile ends.
ryarns were originallyof the sameheight as the pile tufts 3a formed from non-shrinkable yarns, and that said tufts 2a were shrunken as a consequence of heating the back of the foundation web 1a after the manner described in connection with Fig. 4.
Similarly in the ornamental fabric of Figs. 7 and 8, it is to be understood that the pile loops 2b formed from "shrinkable yarns were originally of the same height as the pile loops 3b formed from non-shrinkable yarn, and i that said loops 2b` `become shrunken after treatment in accordance with either of the procedures described in connection withFigs. 2 and 4, respectively.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
l. A method of producing textile fabric having a pile formed from shrinkable and non-shrinkable yarns and a Patented Mar. 3, 1-959' base'or foundation each, said method comprising the base .oi' foundation web por the `pi1e `formed vfrom .the non-shrinkable'yarns, theinfluence of heat being's'ubstan-- tially. limited lto' the portions of said pile yal-ns 'nearest said base or foundation web.
2.` Fabric with long pile ends in imitation of natural animal fur produced in accordance with the method dened in claim 1; y
3. Ornamentedcut'pilepcarpet or upholstering fabric or thefzlike' produced in accordance with the method deinedinclaimLLj'" 4. Ornamented loop pile carpet orfupholstering fabricv or the llikelproduced in accordance with the method defined 11;,jc1aim 1.
V5. vThe method according to claim 1, in which the linear contraction of the shrinkable pile is accomplished vReferences Citedv in the file of this patent l UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,448,032
Kennedy Aug. 31, 1948 2,699,593 Y Matthews Jan. 18, 1955 2,705,880 Kinzinger et al. Apr. 12, 1955 2,754,578 Groat 1 July 17, 1956 2,815,558 Bartovics et al. Dec. 10, 1957 2,857,652 McNally et al. Oct. 28, 1958 `UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION Column 3, line l, for "each" read Web Signed and sealed this 23rd day of June 1959.
( SEAL) Attest:
KARL AXLINE ROBERT C. WATSON Attesting Ocer Commissioner of Patents
US658740A 1957-05-13 1957-05-13 Methods of processing pile fabrics Expired - Lifetime US2875504A (en)

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2988800A (en) * 1958-01-30 1961-06-20 Collins & Aikman Corp Methods of producing fabrics having depressed surface areas
US3034194A (en) * 1957-11-04 1962-05-15 Callaway Mills Co Method for producing a tufted fabric having a deep fleecelike surface and the resulting product
US3066380A (en) * 1958-10-13 1962-12-04 Collins & Aikman Corp Fur-effect fabric and method of making same
US3171484A (en) * 1959-11-18 1965-03-02 Alamac Knitting Mills Inc Pile fabrics
US3849159A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-19 Congoleum Ind Inc Carpet embossing in register with print
US3849158A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-19 Congoleum Ind Inc Carpet embossing in register with print
US3849157A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-19 Congoleum Ind Inc Carpet embossing in register with print
US3958926A (en) * 1973-05-29 1976-05-25 Firma Girmes-Werke Ag Relief printing acrylic pile fabric with di-beta-cyanoethyl formamide to simulate animal skins
US3961882A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-06-08 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Sculptured printing of nylon carpet
US4236286A (en) * 1978-06-01 1980-12-02 Borg Textile Corporation Manufacture of knitted synthetic fur fabric
DE3115523A1 (en) * 1980-04-17 1982-02-04 Milliken Research Corp., 29304 Spartanburg, S.C. METHOD FOR GENERATING A RELIEF PATTERN ON FLORWARE
US4332585A (en) * 1979-03-26 1982-06-01 Teijin Limited Synthetic fur and process for preparation thereof
US4383404A (en) * 1981-08-26 1983-05-17 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to produce post heated textured yarn
US4418451A (en) * 1981-01-23 1983-12-06 Milliken Research Corporation Methods for the production of multi-level surface patterned materials
US4499637A (en) * 1979-12-14 1985-02-19 Milliken Research Corporation Method for the production of materials having visual surface effects
US4500319A (en) * 1979-02-26 1985-02-19 Congoleum Corporation Textured pile fabrics
US4670317A (en) * 1979-12-14 1987-06-02 Milliken Research Corporation Production of materials having visual surface effects
WO1990000209A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-11 Hans Raab Process for manufacturing a plush-type cleaning cloth and cleaning cloth or cleaning glove so obtained
US5148583A (en) * 1983-01-07 1992-09-22 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus for patterning of substrates
US5202077A (en) * 1990-07-10 1993-04-13 Milliken Research Corporation Method for removal of substrate material by means of heated pressurized fluid stream
US5404626A (en) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-11 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to create an improved moire fabric by utilizing pressurized heated gas
US5525393A (en) * 1988-06-29 1996-06-11 Raab; Hans Method for the manufacture of a plush-type cleaning cloth and cleaning cloth or cleaning glove thereby obtained
US5865933A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-02-02 Milliken Research Corporation Method for selectively carving color contrasting patterns in textile fabric
US20080010793A1 (en) * 2006-07-03 2008-01-17 Martin Wildeman Textile fabric with variable heat-shrunk yarn constituents
US20130255324A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Density enhancement method for wool pile fabric

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448032A (en) * 1944-06-28 1948-08-31 American Viscose Corp Textile fabric
US2699593A (en) * 1951-12-07 1955-01-18 Firth Carpet Company Inc Pile fabric and method of making same
US2705880A (en) * 1953-06-04 1955-04-12 Borg George W Corp Pile fabric and method of treating same
US2754578A (en) * 1951-08-03 1956-07-17 Magee Carpet Co Pile fabric and method of making same
US2815558A (en) * 1954-10-21 1957-12-10 Borg George W Corp Pile fabrics and method of pile fabric treatment
US2857652A (en) * 1956-09-04 1958-10-28 Collins & Aikman Corp Fur-effect fabrics and method of making same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448032A (en) * 1944-06-28 1948-08-31 American Viscose Corp Textile fabric
US2754578A (en) * 1951-08-03 1956-07-17 Magee Carpet Co Pile fabric and method of making same
US2699593A (en) * 1951-12-07 1955-01-18 Firth Carpet Company Inc Pile fabric and method of making same
US2705880A (en) * 1953-06-04 1955-04-12 Borg George W Corp Pile fabric and method of treating same
US2815558A (en) * 1954-10-21 1957-12-10 Borg George W Corp Pile fabrics and method of pile fabric treatment
US2857652A (en) * 1956-09-04 1958-10-28 Collins & Aikman Corp Fur-effect fabrics and method of making same

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034194A (en) * 1957-11-04 1962-05-15 Callaway Mills Co Method for producing a tufted fabric having a deep fleecelike surface and the resulting product
US2988800A (en) * 1958-01-30 1961-06-20 Collins & Aikman Corp Methods of producing fabrics having depressed surface areas
US3066380A (en) * 1958-10-13 1962-12-04 Collins & Aikman Corp Fur-effect fabric and method of making same
US3171484A (en) * 1959-11-18 1965-03-02 Alamac Knitting Mills Inc Pile fabrics
US3958926A (en) * 1973-05-29 1976-05-25 Firma Girmes-Werke Ag Relief printing acrylic pile fabric with di-beta-cyanoethyl formamide to simulate animal skins
US3849159A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-19 Congoleum Ind Inc Carpet embossing in register with print
US3849158A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-19 Congoleum Ind Inc Carpet embossing in register with print
US3849157A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-19 Congoleum Ind Inc Carpet embossing in register with print
US3961882A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-06-08 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Sculptured printing of nylon carpet
US4236286A (en) * 1978-06-01 1980-12-02 Borg Textile Corporation Manufacture of knitted synthetic fur fabric
US4500319A (en) * 1979-02-26 1985-02-19 Congoleum Corporation Textured pile fabrics
US4332585A (en) * 1979-03-26 1982-06-01 Teijin Limited Synthetic fur and process for preparation thereof
US4670317A (en) * 1979-12-14 1987-06-02 Milliken Research Corporation Production of materials having visual surface effects
US4499637A (en) * 1979-12-14 1985-02-19 Milliken Research Corporation Method for the production of materials having visual surface effects
DE3115523A1 (en) * 1980-04-17 1982-02-04 Milliken Research Corp., 29304 Spartanburg, S.C. METHOD FOR GENERATING A RELIEF PATTERN ON FLORWARE
US4353706A (en) * 1980-04-17 1982-10-12 Milliken Research Corporation Process for producing sculptured pile fabric
US4418451A (en) * 1981-01-23 1983-12-06 Milliken Research Corporation Methods for the production of multi-level surface patterned materials
US4383404A (en) * 1981-08-26 1983-05-17 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to produce post heated textured yarn
US5148583A (en) * 1983-01-07 1992-09-22 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus for patterning of substrates
WO1990000209A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-11 Hans Raab Process for manufacturing a plush-type cleaning cloth and cleaning cloth or cleaning glove so obtained
US5525393A (en) * 1988-06-29 1996-06-11 Raab; Hans Method for the manufacture of a plush-type cleaning cloth and cleaning cloth or cleaning glove thereby obtained
US5202077A (en) * 1990-07-10 1993-04-13 Milliken Research Corporation Method for removal of substrate material by means of heated pressurized fluid stream
US5674581A (en) * 1990-07-10 1997-10-07 Milliken Research Corporation Textile fabric having a thermally modified narrow channel to facilitate separation
US5404626A (en) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-11 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to create an improved moire fabric by utilizing pressurized heated gas
US5865933A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-02-02 Milliken Research Corporation Method for selectively carving color contrasting patterns in textile fabric
US20080010793A1 (en) * 2006-07-03 2008-01-17 Martin Wildeman Textile fabric with variable heat-shrunk yarn constituents
US20130255324A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Density enhancement method for wool pile fabric
US20130255325A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Wool pile fabric including security fibers and method of manufacturing same

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