US287A - And john ericsson - Google Patents
And john ericsson Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US287A US287A US287DA US287A US 287 A US287 A US 287A US 287D A US287D A US 287DA US 287 A US287 A US 287A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- instrument
- water
- glass tube
- tube
- depth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/008—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal measuring depth of open water
Definitions
- FRANCIS B OGDEN, OF NEW JERSEY, AND JOHN ERICSSON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.
- This invention which we name as above consists in ascertaining the depth by means of the pressure of the water which at given depths is always nearly alike, the water being allowed to enter the instrument and made to compress a certain quantity of atmospheric air contained therein, and to overiow the orifice of a small tube into a glass tube or recipient in which it will rise in proportion to the superincumbent pressure, and thereby indicate the depth to which the 1nstrument may be lowered.
- Figure l representing a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a transverse section; and Fig. 3 a side view of the said instrument.
- A is a glass tube or recipient open at both ends, firmly bedded in a cast iron stem, B, by means of plaster of Paris, or other cement;
- C is a small tortuous pipe inserted into the top of the glass tube, and in continuation with it. This pipe is open at the v top, and communicates therefore freely with the air-chamber, D; and this last with the external air by the small tube whose orifice is E.
- F is a common stop-cock at the bottom of the glass tube.
- Gr is a brass plate graduated into divisions each of which indicates one fathom.
- H is a slide or guard for protecting the glass tube.
- I is a conical piece of lead screwed into the bottom of the instrument for increasing its weight, this piece of lead has a cavity, J, for receiving the arming in the usual manner.
- K is a loop or eye at the top of the instrument for attaching the line.
- stop-cock F should be closed by setting it at X, the guardy is partly closed so as to prot'ect the glass tube, and the instrument is thrown overboard with the line attached.
- the pressure of the water at E begins at once to exceed the pressure of the air within the chamber D, and tube A, and the water begins to rise through the small tube E into the air chamber, driving the air before it into the upper portion of the chamber D and tube A until it has risen to the top of the tortuous pipe C.
- An ordinary force-pump is also to be attached to the vessel K, and by means of the pipe M, water is to be forced into the said vessel until the mercury rises in the glass tube N, to any given division, which division being noted the instrument is taken out and the height of the water in the glass tube marked on the brass plate.
- the pressure of Water is allowed to enter in the manner above specified thereby compressing a quantity of atmospheric air, and overflowing into a glass tube or recipient in which the height of the Water so overowed is made to indicate the depth to which the instrument has been lowered.
Description
NETE@ STATES PATENT OFFICE.
FRANCIS B. OGDEN, OF NEW JERSEY, AND JOHN ERICSSON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.
soUNDINeiNsTnU-MENT For, AscEiwAiNiNG THE DEPTH RIVERS, aw.
OF WATER IN SEAS,
Specification of Letters Patent No. 287, dated July 19, 1837.
T0 all whom it may concern.'
Be it known that we, FRANCIS B. OGDEN, of the State of New Jersey, and a citizen of the United States, and JOHN Ericsson, a subject of the Kingdom of Sweden, residing in London, England, have conjointly invented a new and useful instrument for the purpose of ascertaining with accuracy the depth of water or soundings from a ship or vessel when by reason of currents the rapidity of the vessels way through the water or other causes it can not be determined in the usual manner by the lead-line; and that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the said instrument as invented by us.
This invention which we name as above consists in ascertaining the depth by means of the pressure of the water which at given depths is always nearly alike, the water being allowed to enter the instrument and made to compress a certain quantity of atmospheric air contained therein, and to overiow the orifice of a small tube into a glass tube or recipient in which it will rise in proportion to the superincumbent pressure, and thereby indicate the depth to which the 1nstrument may be lowered.
Figure l representing a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a transverse section; and Fig. 3 a side view of the said instrument.
A, is a glass tube or recipient open at both ends, firmly bedded in a cast iron stem, B, by means of plaster of Paris, or other cement; C, is a small tortuous pipe inserted into the top of the glass tube, and in continuation with it. This pipe is open at the v top, and communicates therefore freely with the air-chamber, D; and this last with the external air by the small tube whose orifice is E.
F is a common stop-cock at the bottom of the glass tube.
Gr is a brass plate graduated into divisions each of which indicates one fathom.
H is a slide or guard for protecting the glass tube.
I is a conical piece of lead screwed into the bottom of the instrument for increasing its weight, this piece of lead has a cavity, J, for receiving the arming in the usual manner.`
K is a loop or eye at the top of the instrument for attaching the line.
When the instrument is to be used, the
stop-cock F, should be closed by setting it at X, the guardy is partly closed so as to prot'ect the glass tube, and the instrument is thrown overboard with the line attached. The pressure of the water at E begins at once to exceed the pressure of the air within the chamber D, and tube A, and the water begins to rise through the small tube E into the air chamber, driving the air before it into the upper portion of the chamber D and tube A until it has risen to the top of the tortuous pipe C. At this instant the whole of the airbefore contained in the chamber and tube is confined in the tube only; the water therefore still entering at E, falls over the orifice of C into the, glass tube or recipient A, and rises in it, until the elastic force of the air contained therein becomes equal to the pressure' of the superincumbent water when the overflowing ceases, the division to which it rises always indicating the depth to which the instrument has descended. As the instrument is hauled up again the air expanding in the tube A forces the water gradually out of the chamber D. When the instrument is taken on board it should be held upright; the height of the water in the glass tube will indicate the depth in fathoms, according to the divisions on the brass plate G. The waterv being let out by turning the cock F, it should be set again at X, and the instrument is ready for use.
Having thus described the natureV of our instrument, and the manner of using the same, we will now proceed to describe the manner in which we obtain the divisions on the brass plate, G, which is as follows: The instrument is put into a strong vessel K shown in Fig. 4; made of cast iron and filled with water having a lid at the top to be firmly secured after the insertion of the instrument. A cavity, L, is made at the bottom of the vessel K, containing mercury which communicates with a glass tube N, placed perpendicularly, and divided into divisions of 5 L.t2/100 of an inch each. An ordinary force-pump is also to be attached to the vessel K, and by means of the pipe M, water is to be forced into the said vessel until the mercury rises in the glass tube N, to any given division, which division being noted the instrument is taken out and the height of the water in the glass tube marked on the brass plate. The pressure of Water is allowed to enter in the manner above specified thereby compressing a quantity of atmospheric air, and overflowing into a glass tube or recipient in which the height of the Water so overowed is made to indicate the depth to which the instrument has been lowered.
FBAS. B. OGDEN. J. ERICSSON.
Witnesses:
THos. ASPINWALL, JOSEPH MARQUETE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US287A true US287A (en) | 1837-07-19 |
Family
ID=2060566
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US287D Expired - Lifetime US287A (en) | And john ericsson |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US287A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020000433A1 (en) * | 2000-01-15 | 2002-01-03 | Evelin Weiss | Kitchen appliance with a cooktop receptacle provided in a work surface |
DE102015012917A1 (en) | 2015-10-06 | 2017-04-06 | Klaus Hagemeister | Information carrier for hollow bodies |
US20170101441A1 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2017-04-13 | Human BioMolecular Research Foundation | Chemical and biochemical adducts as biomarkers for organophosphate exposure |
EP3855519A2 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2021-07-28 | Universal Display Corporation | Stable and efficient electroluminescent materials |
-
0
- US US287D patent/US287A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020000433A1 (en) * | 2000-01-15 | 2002-01-03 | Evelin Weiss | Kitchen appliance with a cooktop receptacle provided in a work surface |
EP3855519A2 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2021-07-28 | Universal Display Corporation | Stable and efficient electroluminescent materials |
US20170101441A1 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2017-04-13 | Human BioMolecular Research Foundation | Chemical and biochemical adducts as biomarkers for organophosphate exposure |
DE102015012917A1 (en) | 2015-10-06 | 2017-04-06 | Klaus Hagemeister | Information carrier for hollow bodies |
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