US2868712A - Composite anode assembly for use in electrolytic cells - Google Patents

Composite anode assembly for use in electrolytic cells Download PDF

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Publication number
US2868712A
US2868712A US433880A US43388054A US2868712A US 2868712 A US2868712 A US 2868712A US 433880 A US433880 A US 433880A US 43388054 A US43388054 A US 43388054A US 2868712 A US2868712 A US 2868712A
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Prior art keywords
plate
plates
end edge
parallel
bars
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Expired - Lifetime
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US433880A
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English (en)
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Deprez Charles
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Solvay SA
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Solvay SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
    • C25B11/043—Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form

Definitions

  • This minimum is determined first of all by the depth of the cavity that is cut into the body of the plate for the connection with the current lead. In practice, to prevent breaking of the plates which have become brittle by wear and to prevent splinters from short circuiting the cells when in operation, it is necessary to throw away the. plates before the wear has reached the level of the cavity.
  • One object of the invention is to avoid all loss of graphite by making it possible to use graphite anodes until the graphite of the same has been completely used up.
  • an anode'arrangement for the electrolysis of solutions in electrolytic cells comprises a series of flat graphite elements arranged perpendicularly to the cathode of the cells and spaced so as to facilitate the removal of the anodic products of the electrolysis andthe replenishment of the electrolyte, and each of these elements comprises a plurality of thin graphite plates, assembled together in edge to edge, abutting relationship, the assembly of plates being removably suppo'rtedso as to permit, when the plate facing the cathode is partly used up, theextension of the assembly by the additio-n'of a new plate at the side of the assembly opposite that 'ofthe partly usedplate and the displacement of the plates towards the cathode in order that the partly used platemay be completely used up.
  • a further object of the invention is to protect against erosion the surfaces -of'the parts which do not participate toan-extent andat a rate corresponding'to the rate at which theanode is used up.
  • a suitable material for this purpose' is'polyvinyl chloride containing pulverized graphite distributed in it.
  • 'elements-"formedof protective material be used to cover the-graphite blocks which support the anode plates and toensurethe correct spacing of said plates.
  • Such protective elements are advantageously in-the form of rings which match the shape of the blocks and which are strung thereon, but which are "shaped to permit contact of the blocks with the plates between which the rings serve as spacers.
  • Figurel is a plan of an anode assembly according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale showing in perspective one way in which connection between the series of anode plates and their support block may be effected.
  • Figure 4 is another view similar to Figure 3 but showing one way in which the support and current supply blocks may be protected against the elfects of electrolysis.
  • an anode assembly embodying features of the present invention.
  • the assembly comprises a plurality of anode elements arranged in parallel groups and menntedin support blocks held in position by tie bars.
  • the anode elements are indicated at 11; each element comprises vertically adjacent anode plates 11a and 11b.
  • the support blocks are indicated at 12 and the tie bars at 13. .
  • the anodes are arranged in nine groups with the plates in parallel relationship, leaving a regular spacing between them.
  • Blocks 12 carry metallic current supply means 14 which are adapted to be connected to suitable feeders (not shown) which carry theelectrolysis current.
  • suitable feeders not shown
  • the side ends of vthe anode plates may be provided with projections 15 which engage with corresponding grooves 16 cut into the blocks. These grooves and projections are preferably cut perpendicular to the plane of the active anodic surface ( Figure -3). since this arrangement is more readily carried into effect.
  • the support blocks are designed preferably to hold at 1 least two anode plates which are connected to each other in edge-abutting relationship along their edge faces which are parallel to the active face of the arrangement, that 18 to say parallel tothe face opposite to that which carries the current supply means 14.
  • the anode plates are provided on the faces parallel to their active surface with assembly means which ensure simultaneously mechanical and electrical connection. This assembly of the plates can be carried out by known means (not shown), for example by mortise and tenon joints, dovetails, lugs, etc.
  • Anode elements are thus obtained which comprise at leasttwo anode plates 11a and 11b connected in edgeabutting relationship.
  • the anode plates are used up, as known, at their faces nearer to the cathode of the electrolytic cell, that it to say each plate 11b will wear down at the edge face opposite to that which is in contact with the corresponding plate 11a.
  • the distance between the anode and the cathode is maintained, at the rate and to the extent at which the anode is used up, by displacement of the anode assembly in known manner towards the cathode.
  • the anode assembly is displaced away from the cathode, and new anode plates are mounted on the old ones at the side opposite the partly used plates.
  • the tie ,bars 13 are then loosened and the plates that have thus been assembled are shifted in the direction of their active surface without removing the worn plate.
  • the tie bars are thereafter tightened and the distance of the anode to the cathode of the cell is re-adjusted.
  • the plate that has been partly used up is assembled edge to edge with the following plate it may be completely used up without any loss of graphite in the course of electrolysis.
  • the graphite plates 11 are covered laterally with a protective coating of polyvinyl chloride, for example. It is necessary that the material which protects the graphite disintegrates when it penetrates into the zone of electrolysis proper. Under these conditions, the protective coating or cover disappears at the rate and to the extent that the active surface of the anode is used up.
  • the lateral surfaces of the plates may be protected by covering them with a thin sheet of polyvinyl chloride containing pulverised graphite distributed in the sheet.
  • the current supply and support blocks 12 are also covered with a layer of protective material on the surface which is not in contact with the anode plates.
  • This protective layer may be formed by a coating or an enamel, or the blocks may be covered by means of a layer of, for example, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, which layer may be formed of a single piece or may consist of annular elements.
  • the protection means for the blocks may be used simultaneously for the spacing of the anode elements.
  • frames 17 of an insulating material such as polyethylene are use-d.
  • the aperture of such frames corresponds to the maximum dimensions of the transverse section of the current supply blocks 12, two opposing sides of said frames being grooved at 17a to permit contact between the anode plates 11 and the block 12, while the two other surfaces 17b form a continuous surface with the corresponding surfaces of the adjacent frames and thus ensure protection of the surfaces of said blocks which are not in contact with the anode plates.
  • a composite anode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell adapted to be positioned opposite the cathode of the cell comprising, in combination, a plurality of thin rectangular graphite plates each having a first elongated end edge face forming the active anodic surface of the plate and adapted to be disposed opposite the cathode of the cell in face to face spaced parallel relationship therewith, side edge portions merging with each end of said end edge face at right angles thereto, and a second elongated end edge face on the portion of the plate remote from said first end edge face, a carrier frame formed from a plurality of spaced parallel bars engaging the side edge portions of said rectangular graphite plates at right angles thereto with the plates in parallel spacedapart relationship, and adjustably tightenable tie rods interconnecting the parallel bars to hold the interposed graphite plates removably in said spaced-apart parallel relationship, said plates being slidable relatively to said bars upon loosening of said tie rods, the portion of each plate provided with said first end edge face project
  • a composite anode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell adapted to be positioned opposite the cathode of the cell comprising, in combination, a plurality of thin rectangular graphite plates each having a first elongated end edge face forming the active anodic surface of the plate and adapted to be disposed opposite the cathode of the cell in face to face spaced parallel relationship therewith, side edge portions merging with each end of said end edge face at right angles thereto, and a second elongated end edge face on the portion of the plate remote from said first end edge face, a carrier frame formed from a plurality of spaced parallel graphite bars engaging the side edge portions of said rectangular graphite plates at right angles thereto with the plates in parallel spaced-apart relationship, said bars being formed with means for guiding said plates in said assembly, and adjustably tightenable tie rods interconnecting the parallel bars to hold the interposed graphite plates removably in said spaced-apart parallel relationship, said plates being slidable relatively to said bars upon loosening
  • a composite anode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell adapted to be positioned opposite the cathode of the cell comprising, in combination, a plurality of thin rectangular graphite plates each having a first elongated end edge face forming the active anodic surface of the plate and adapted to be disposed opposite the cathode of the cell in face to face spaced parallel relationship therewith, side edge portions merging with each end of said end edge face at right angles thereto, and a second elongated end edge face on the portion of the plate remote from said first end edge face, a carrier frame formed from a plurality of spaced parallel graphite bars engaging the side edge portions of said rectangular graphite plates at right angles thereto with the plates in parallel spacedapart relationship, said bars being formed with grooves for receiving and guiding the side edge portions of said plates, and adjustably tightenable tie rods interconnecting the parallel bars to hold the interposed graphite plates removably in said spaced-apart parallel relationship, said plates being slidable relatively to said bars
  • a composite anode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell adapted to be positioned opposite the cathode of the cell comprising, in combination, a plurality of thin rectangular graphite plates each having a first elongated end edge face forming the active anodic surface of the plate and adapted to be disposed opposite the cathode of the cell in face to face spaced parallel relationship therewith, side edge portions merging with each end of said end edge face at right angles thereto, and a second elongated end edge face on the portion of the plate remote from said first end edge face, a carrier frame formed from a plurality of spaced parallel graphite bars engaging the side edge portions of said rectangular graphite plates at right angles thereto with the plates in parallel spaced-apart relationship, the plates between each two bars lying in spaced parallel planes and being uniformly spaced from each other and said bars being provided .with means for maintaining said spacing, and adjustably tightenable tie rods interconnecting the parallel bars to hold the interposed graphite plates removably in said spaced

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US433880A 1953-06-04 1954-06-02 Composite anode assembly for use in electrolytic cells Expired - Lifetime US2868712A (en)

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BE520452T 1953-06-04

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US2868712A true US2868712A (en) 1959-01-13

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US (1) US2868712A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE520452A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1105900A (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE157528C1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3037929A (en) * 1958-09-22 1962-06-05 Union Carbide Corp Blade electrode assembly
US3461057A (en) * 1964-08-20 1969-08-12 Georgy Mikirtychevich Kamarjan Diaphragm electrolyzer for production of chlorine,hydrogen and alkalies
US4048046A (en) * 1976-06-16 1977-09-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Electrolytic cell design
US4401544A (en) * 1980-06-10 1983-08-30 C-I-L Inc. Composite electrodes for diaphragmless electrolytic cells for the production of chlorates and hypochlorites II
US20140363748A1 (en) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-11 Carl Freudenberg Kg Electrode Module
US10407769B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2019-09-10 Goodrich Corporation Method and apparatus for decreasing the radial temperature gradient in CVI/CVD furnaces

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190022406A (en) * 1900-12-08 1901-10-12 James Greenwood Improvements in the Decomposition of Alkaline Salts by Electrolysis and in Apparatus therefor
US1374976A (en) * 1920-06-01 1921-04-19 Electron Chemical Company Electrolytic cell
US2511686A (en) * 1947-05-14 1950-06-13 Alais & Froges & Camarque Cie Tank for aqueous electrolysis

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190022406A (en) * 1900-12-08 1901-10-12 James Greenwood Improvements in the Decomposition of Alkaline Salts by Electrolysis and in Apparatus therefor
US1374976A (en) * 1920-06-01 1921-04-19 Electron Chemical Company Electrolytic cell
US2511686A (en) * 1947-05-14 1950-06-13 Alais & Froges & Camarque Cie Tank for aqueous electrolysis

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3037929A (en) * 1958-09-22 1962-06-05 Union Carbide Corp Blade electrode assembly
US3461057A (en) * 1964-08-20 1969-08-12 Georgy Mikirtychevich Kamarjan Diaphragm electrolyzer for production of chlorine,hydrogen and alkalies
US4048046A (en) * 1976-06-16 1977-09-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Electrolytic cell design
US4401544A (en) * 1980-06-10 1983-08-30 C-I-L Inc. Composite electrodes for diaphragmless electrolytic cells for the production of chlorates and hypochlorites II
US20140363748A1 (en) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-11 Carl Freudenberg Kg Electrode Module
US10283787B2 (en) * 2013-06-10 2019-05-07 Carl Freudenberg Kg Sealing frame for a redox-flow battery electrode module
US10407769B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2019-09-10 Goodrich Corporation Method and apparatus for decreasing the radial temperature gradient in CVI/CVD furnaces
US11332823B2 (en) 2016-03-18 2022-05-17 Goodrich Corproation Method and apparatus for decreasing the radial temperature gradient in CVI/CVD furnaces

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Publication number Publication date
FR1105900A (fr) 1955-12-08
SE157528C1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1957-01-15
BE520452A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1953-06-30

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