US286692A - Of same place - Google Patents

Description

. 2' Sheets-Sheet 1. E. FOX.

FURNAGE DOOR.

(No Mod.)

Patented ot. 16, 188.

Muff

2 X 0 nr. E

PURNAGE D008.

N6. 286,682. Patented 6611.161888.

mumagnpmr, madman. D. C.

@Nilsen Saintes:

ArnNr EDVARDFY, OIF-BROOKLYN, NEWv YORK, ASSIGNOR TO PATRICK REILLY,

' )F SAME PLACE.

'FURNAoEaDooa f SPECIFICATION forming partV of Letters Patent No.1286,692, datedv October 16,1883.

l Application filed February 19, IBSIS. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, `Enna-tier) FOX, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented anImprovement in Furnace-Doors, of rhich the folloving is a speciiication.

f- The object of my present invention is to prevent smoke, economize fuel, and at the same time preserve a high degree of heat in the fur- 1o naees of steain-boilers. I accomplish these results With the proper q uantity of ai r mi Xed with steam, which is caused to enter the furnace through its hollow door, and While passing through said door I cause the air and steam i 5 to be thoroughly commingled and heated. I am aware that attempts have been made to consume smoke in furnaces by allowing a large quantity of atmospheric air to the fire through openings and passageways into the 2o furnaces. `This method, While partially remedying one evil by preventing smoke, creates another and greaterl one-namely, that it reduces the temperature of the furnace and causes the consumption of more fuel, for reasons that I will new set forth. "With perforated furnace-doers admitting only atmospheric air into the furnaces, four-ifthsof the air admitted into the furnaces is composed of nitrogen, which is not only useless in combustion, but retards it by absorbing a large portion of the heat of the iire and escaping 'with 4it up the chimney. Owing to this large pro- Lportion of useless nitrogen double the quantity of air is usually fed to the lire in order to obtain enough oxygen to produce perfect combustion. If the quantity. of air is reduced, therewill notbe enough' oxygenA to develop carbonio acid', but only enough to form carbonio oxide, and the unconsumed carbon will 4o settle on the tubes, flues, and top of the boiler,

causing a great Waste ofl heatandfuel bypreventing the heat being conducted to and through the dues', tubes, 81e., to the Waterin the boiler. The temperature of the furnace is also much lower than if the combustion had` been perfect, resulting in the formation of carbonie oxide. In all other furnacedoors intended for consuming smoke heat is Wasted by the admission of too much air into the fur- 5o nace, and only a portion of the smoke is consumed, and then onlyat the expense of cooling down the tubes, dues, &c., which have been heated by the consumption of coa-l in the fire. If too small av quantity of air is used, only a partial conversion of the particles of carbon ensues, and a large port-ion of the most valuable combustible gases pass o ut of the furnace nnconsumed. To avoid these two great difficulties is the aim of my present invention,

which isan economical application to steanr 6o f generating furnaces of Well-known chemical reactions produced by the introduction of highly heated steam with atmospheric air.

I Will new' describe my improvement and ythe devices I employ for overcoming the diiti- 6 5 yculties of producing a perfect combustion of fuel.y v

y Ifurnish the necessary quantity of oxygen to combine with the carbon of the coal to form carbonio acid by a mixture of steam and air 7o combined in proper proportions; I cause the air and steam to pass through a chamber within the furnace-door` and which I call a commingling-chamber,77 and which is filled with scraps or bundles of metallic wires, plat-es, or 7 5 other heat conducting substances. By this means the air and steam become highly heated andthoroughlycomming]edbeforeenteringthe furnace, and a high temperature in the furnace is maintained With a minimum quantity So of air, and the heat generated by the combustion is not carried off by the excessive quantity of nitrogen usually introduced into the tire when atmospheric air alone is employed. My method prevents smoke and the 8 5 formation of carbonio oxide, and keeps the tubes, flucs, dre., clear, which adds greatly to the steamgenerati ng capacity of boilers, and also saves a large amount of fuel.

In the drawings, Figure l represents part of 9o the front of a stationary boiler. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the furnace-door with the steam-supply beleu-y the door. Fig.l 3 is a similar view with the steam-supply above the door. Fig. 4 is a partial sectional plan of the door, and Fig. 5 represents a locomotive-boilerfront with the improvement applied thereto.

4 The boiler A or steam-generator is to be of any desired character, and the furnace-door B is to be of a shape to tit the opening. Itis provided with hinges Z) and latch c, as usual. Y This furnace-door is usually composed of an outer plate, d, and aninner plate, e, and in many instancesthese'are perforated for. the passage of air.

In my improvement I make use of an open- 5 ing at z', through the outer plate, d, and an opening at Z, through theinner plate, e, andv iilllin the space within the door by loose clippings of sheet-iron, wire, or other metal that willrnot obstruct the passage of air and steam, 1o but which will serve as conductors for conveying the heat from the inner plate, e, and radiating the same, so that the air and steam as it passes throughfthe commingling-chamber formed of the hollowr door will receive sufficient heat to lessen the chilling infiuence of the same within the fire-chamber,as aforesaid. When-the inlet-opening 'i is at the'top of the outer plate, d, as in Fig. 3, the opening Z will be near the lower edge .of the inner plate, e, 2c and the reverse, asseen in Fig. 2.

Across the front. of the boiler or the front plate of the furnace there is a steam-pipe, n, with jet-nipples o, -that point into the openings z in the outer'plate of the door; but these nipples are sufficiently distant from the door to allow the same to Abe opened or closed, and in thisv pipe n there is a cock or valve, t, by means of whichy the supply of steam may be regulated, and an arm, p, upon the furnace- 3o door enters a slot in the lever-handle g of the cock, so that as the door is opened the supply of steam will be shut off, and the reverse. The steam-j ets carry with them into the commingling-chambery within the furnace-door a certain amount of atmospheric air, and such steam and air are thoroughlycommingledfand pass into the furnace in a heated condition, and there is a decomposition ofthe steam, the oxygen thereof combining with the carbon in 40 the presence of theintense heat, the hydrogen `also being consumed, and, in consequence of they presence of sufficient loxygen fromy the steam and atmosphere, the products of com# bustioniare principallycarbonic acid, which, withthe nitrogen of the atmosphere, escape by the flue or chimney.

I. remark that in places where a damperyf" regulator is used connection can be made to a l stopevalve on the jet-pipe, so that the regu- 5 ,O lator operates to close the damper, and also to closethe stop-valve, supplying steam to the jet-pipe.

"a By using a regulator to open and close a .valve on the steam-jet pipe the draft can be regulated and the steam in the boiler main-` tained at a steady pressure. v

Thedoor can be adapted to any furnace and will not take up any more space than the common door. The space which I use as a coinbetween the inner andouter door, and sets in l from the frontof the furnace. In this otherwise waste space I place numerous scraps of wire, sheet-iron, vor their equivalents, to absorb heat and prevent it from being radiated through the front of the door, and to present l a` large heatingsurface to act on the steam and air in its passage through the door into the furnace. A small amount only of stea 7o isrequired to operate the jet, and I prefer to have the jet-orifices similar to the burners used in burning gas.

No alteration of the furnace isrequired for my improvement, and no cutting of holes or disfguring the boiler-front is needed in at- Y taching the same to any style of boiler-furnace using any-sort ofy fuel. f

If Irequire to attach the door to any old or odd-shaped furnace-front, a frame for the door may be provided, the samebeing bolted to the boiler or furnace front, and upon-this the door is hinged, so that a regular .style of door may be used.

The stop-valve and lever (can bedispensed with, if desired, by providing aswinging ground bracket-joint on the steamfj et pipe in line withthe hinges of the door. This bracket will act as a hingeand cock, so that as the door opens the supply of steam is shut off. 9o The jet-pipe in this instance opens with the door, and isatt'ached to the same, instead of being upon the boiler `or furnace front.

I do not claim a hollow furnace-doonxnor strips of metal or netting` within the same,

, nor a flexible pipe forthe steam. Neither do I claim a perforated steam-pipe withacock that is opened as the furnace-door is opened. This is the reverse of my improvement, asit turns on the steam when the furnace-door isopened, instead of the same being donewhile the furnace-door is shut.

I claim as my invention- The hollow furnace-door forming a commingling-chamber and having openings through` 105 the outer and inner plates of the door, in combination with a steam-pipe and'openings from which jets of steam pass into-.thefurnace-door. and draw in with them the atmosphere to beV commingled with-the steam and heated pre viously to passing into the iire, metallic scraps or pieces within'the-hollowfurnace-door, and

IOO

la steam-supply cock, and connection. tov the furnace-door for closing the cock automaticallyv as the door is opened, substantially as specified'. 1 1 5 Signed by me this 15th day of February, A.

i EDWARD rox.

Witnesses:

GEO. T. PINOKNEY, WILLIAM G. Mo'rT.

IIO

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