US2859150A - Method of making towels - Google Patents

Method of making towels Download PDF

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Publication number
US2859150A
US2859150A US541262A US54126255A US2859150A US 2859150 A US2859150 A US 2859150A US 541262 A US541262 A US 541262A US 54126255 A US54126255 A US 54126255A US 2859150 A US2859150 A US 2859150A
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United States
Prior art keywords
paper
flock
strip
fibers
paper strip
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Expired - Lifetime
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US541262A
Inventor
Jr Harry A Toulmin
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Commonwealth Engineering Company of Ohio
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Commonwealth Engineering Company of Ohio
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Publication date
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Priority to US541262A priority Critical patent/US2859150A/en
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Publication of US2859150A publication Critical patent/US2859150A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D1/00—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles
    • B31D1/04—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles the articles being napkins, handkerchiefs, towels, doilies, or the like
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23943—Flock surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to. paper towels, and more particularly to the manufacture of reinforced paper towels.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus for making paper towels in accordance with the teachings of -this invention
  • r r a Figure '2 is a-sectional view taken along the lines 2 2 of Figure- 1-;
  • Figure3' is a-sectional View taken along the lines 3-3 of Figure 1;
  • Figures 4 through 6 are partial vertical sectional views through the paper strip passing through the apparatus of Figure 1, showing the paper towel during various stages of the process;
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the reinforced paper towels made by the process of this invention.
  • the process disclosed by this invention essentially comprises moving a perforated paper strip through a chamber and evenly distributing a quantity of resintreated flock upon the strip.
  • the under surface of the strip is subjected to a vacuum to partially draw the flock through the perforations in the paper strip.
  • the strip then progresses beneath electro-magnetic apparatus which establishes a magnetic field above the paper strip.
  • the action of the magnetic field straightens the portions of the flock extending above the upper surface of the paper strip.
  • the paper strip with the flock inserted therein and positioned substantially vertically to the strip is then passed through an oven to dry the resin and to secure the flock to the paper strip.
  • the result is a reinforced tufted paper towel. wherein the tufts extend away from the surfaces of the towel and do not lie flat against them.
  • a container 1 contains a quantity of resin-treated flock indicated at 2.
  • the flock consists of very short lengths of fabric refuse or vegetable or paper fibers.
  • the fibers of flock are coated United States Patent 0, 7
  • thermoplastic resin such as glycerolphthalic anhydride
  • a castor oil modified alkyd such as comprises 3 parts by weight alkyd resin and 1 part nitrocellulose provides a suitable soft fiexible'resin' binder.
  • the chamber 1 has a dispen sing opening '3 at the lower end thereof and a pair of cylinders 4 and 5 having longitudinally extending teeth thereon enmeshed with each other are mounted in the opening 3.
  • the roller 4 has a shaft 6 extending outwardly of the chamberl, as shown in Figure 2.
  • a pulley 7 is mounted upon the end 'of the shaft 6 and is drivingly connected by a belt 8 to an electric motor 9.
  • the cylinders 4 and 5 rotate in the directions indicated by the arrows 10 and 11. This dispenses the flock between the rollers, as shown at 12 in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the individual fibers of the flock are separated and are evenly distributed in a vertical plane, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the container 1 is mounted on the upper wall 13. of a chamber 14.
  • the chamber 14 has end walls 15 and 16 each of which has openings 17 and 13 respectively therein.
  • the bottom wall of the chamber 14 is indicated at '19 and slopes downwardly.
  • an electromagnetic apparatus indicated at 23 to establish a magnetic field adjacent the upper surface of the paper strip.
  • a paper strip, indicated at 24, and supported by a roller 25 is admitted through the opening 17 into the chamber 14. 7
  • a multiitude of perforations are made over the entire surface of the paper strip. These perforationsmay be made'by a mechanical device or by the distribution of drops of acid over the paper to for-m openings therein. As indicated in Figure4; the openings "or perforationsto the paper strip are extremely small and extend across the entire width ofthe paper. The size of the openings is substantially equal to the diameter of the fibers constituting the flock.
  • the strip as it passes through the chamber 14 is supported by the bogey rollers 26 and 27. As shown in Figure 2, the chamber 14 is only slightly wider than the width of the paper strip 24.
  • an oven Adjacent the end wall 16 of the chamber 14 there is located an oven, indicated at 28; A passage 29 communicates between the opening 18 and the oven 28. Electrical heating elements 39 and 31 are provided Within the oven 28 and the paper strip passes between the heating elements, as illustrated in Figure l, to enable both sides of the pap-er strip to be exposed to high temperatures.
  • the paper strip 24 is admitted to the opening 17 in the end wall 15 of the main chamber. As the paper strip passes beneath the flock container 1, flock indicated at 12 is evenly distributed upon the upper surface of the paper strip.
  • a sectional view through the paper strip 24 as'it enters the main chamber 14 will reveal the condition of the paper to be as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • the paper strip 24 with the flock fibers partiallyinserted therethrough is then passed beneath the electro magnetic apparatus 23 and the magnetic field created thereby.
  • the action of the magnetic field upon the fibers causes the upper portions 35,0f the fibers to straighten, as indicated in Figure 6. Consequently, after the strip emerges from beneath the electro-magnetic apparatus 23, the flock fibers have both end portions substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the paper strip 24.
  • the paper strip With the fibers straightened by the action of the electromagnetic apparatus 23, the paper strip is then passed through the opening 18 into the drying or baking oven 28.
  • the heat of the heating elements 30 and 31 dries the solvents from the resin and secures the flexible flock fibers within the perforations in the paper strip.
  • the towel fabricated by this process may be also used as disposable paper material such as handkerchiefs, Wipers for industry and the like.
  • I V In a method of making tufted paper towels, distributing flock over a perforated paper strip, subjecting individual lengths of flock to an air stream to insert] 7 the flock inthe perforationsto extend above both faces holes with a resin, establishing air streams through the holes in the paper to propel the resin-coated fabric fibers into'said holes whereby the resin will prevent ,the passage" of the fibers completely through the holes and the ends of each fiber will protrude above the surfaces of the. paper strip, and heatingthe resin to secure the fibers.
  • a paper towel comprising a perforated sheet of paper, a single fabric fiber in each of said perforations and extending above both faces of said sheet, and a resinous coating on each fiber which when hardened will secure the fibers in said perforations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)

Description

1958 A. TOULMIN, JR 2,859,150
7 METHOD OF MAKING TOWELS Filed Oct. 18, 1955 a m 2 7 2 2 3 3 3 2 m 3 2 2 5 n F 4 P A I INVENTOR HARRY A. TOULM/Mdr.
ATTORNEYS Commonwealth Engineering Company of Ohio, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application October 18, 1955,Serial-No. 541,262
Claims; (Cl. 154-76) 7 V The present invention relates to. paper towels, and more particularly to the manufacture of reinforced paper towels.
It is the principal object of this invention to provide an improved method of'making reinforced paper towels.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of making paper towels by partially passing flock through a paper'stn'pand securing the flock in position.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of making paper towels having 'tufts positioned perpendicular to both faces of a strip of paper.
It is an additional object 'of thisinven'tion to provide an improved paper towel.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a novel and simplified apparatus for the making of tufted paper towels.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent upon reference to the accompanying description when taken in conjunction with the following drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus for making paper towels in accordance with the teachings of -this invention; r r a Figure '2 is a-sectional view taken along the lines 2 2 of Figure- 1-;
Figure3' is a-sectional View taken along the lines 3-3 of Figure 1;
Figures 4 through 6 are partial vertical sectional views through the paper strip passing through the apparatus of Figure 1, showing the paper towel during various stages of the process; and
Figure 7 is a plan view of the reinforced paper towels made by the process of this invention.
The process disclosed by this invention essentially comprises moving a perforated paper strip through a chamber and evenly distributing a quantity of resintreated flock upon the strip. The under surface of the strip is subjected to a vacuum to partially draw the flock through the perforations in the paper strip. The strip then progresses beneath electro-magnetic apparatus which establishes a magnetic field above the paper strip. The action of the magnetic field straightens the portions of the flock extending above the upper surface of the paper strip. The paper strip with the flock inserted therein and positioned substantially vertically to the strip is then passed through an oven to dry the resin and to secure the flock to the paper strip. The result is a reinforced tufted paper towel. wherein the tufts extend away from the surfaces of the towel and do not lie flat against them.
To accomplish the method of this invention reference is made to Figure 1 wherein a container 1 contains a quantity of resin-treated flock indicated at 2. The flock consists of very short lengths of fabric refuse or vegetable or paper fibers. The fibers of flock are coated United States Patent 0, 7
2,859,150 Patented Nov. 4, 1958 with a thin film of a soft flexible resin bin'der to .enable the flock to be firmly secured in the paper strip in a manner to be presently described. "Preferably a thermoplastic resin, such as glycerolphthalic anhydride, isused. 7 Also, a castor oil modified alkyd such as comprises 3 parts by weight alkyd resin and 1 part nitrocellulose provides a suitable soft fiexible'resin' binder.
The chamber 1 has a dispen sing opening '3 at the lower end thereof and a pair of cylinders 4 and 5 having longitudinally extending teeth thereon enmeshed with each other are mounted in the opening 3. The roller 4 has a shaft 6 extending outwardly of the chamberl, as shown in Figure 2. A pulley 7 is mounted upon the end 'of the shaft 6 and is drivingly connected by a belt 8 to an electric motor 9.
The cylinders 4 and 5 rotate in the directions indicated by the arrows 10 and 11. This dispenses the flock between the rollers, as shown at 12 in Figures 1 and 2. The individual fibers of the flock are separated and are evenly distributed in a vertical plane, as shown in Figure 2. I
The container 1 is mounted on the upper wall 13. of a chamber 14. The chamber 14 has end walls 15 and 16 each of which has openings 17 and 13 respectively therein. The bottom wall of the chamber 14 is indicated at '19 and slopes downwardly. There is an opening 20 at the lowermost portion of the bottom wall 19 and a conduit 21 attached thereto communicates with a vacuum pump22.
Within the chamber 14 there is mounted an electromagnetic apparatus indicated at 23 to establish a magnetic field adjacent the upper surface of the paper strip.
A paper strip, indicated at 24, and supported by a roller 25 is admitted through the opening 17 into the chamber 14. 7
Prior to' the admission of the paper strip into the main chamber 14 a multiitude of perforations are made over the entire surface of the paper strip. These perforationsmay be made'by a mechanical device or by the distribution of drops of acid over the paper to for-m openings therein. As indicated in Figure4; the openings "or perforationsto the paper strip are extremely small and extend across the entire width ofthe paper. The size of the openings is substantially equal to the diameter of the fibers constituting the flock.
The strip as it passes through the chamber 14 is supported by the bogey rollers 26 and 27. As shown in Figure 2, the chamber 14 is only slightly wider than the width of the paper strip 24.
Adjacent the end wall 16 of the chamber 14 there is located an oven, indicated at 28; A passage 29 communicates between the opening 18 and the oven 28. Electrical heating elements 39 and 31 are provided Within the oven 28 and the paper strip passes between the heating elements, as illustrated in Figure l, to enable both sides of the pap-er strip to be exposed to high temperatures.
In processing the paper strip in order to obtain tufted paper towels, the paper strip 24 is admitted to the opening 17 in the end wall 15 of the main chamber. As the paper strip passes beneath the flock container 1, flock indicated at 12 is evenly distributed upon the upper surface of the paper strip.
A sectional view through the paper strip 24 as'it enters the main chamber 14 will reveal the condition of the paper to be as illustrated in Figure 4.
As the paper progresses past the flock container 1 it is exposed to the action of the vacuum pump 22 which creates a vacuum on the under surface of the strip. This vacuum draws ends of the flock fibers through the paper. The relationship of the diameters of the perforations and Q o fibers prevents the complete passage of the fibers through the perforations. passes through the paper strip, with the end portions of the flock extending above both surfaces of the paper strip. The idler roller 26 at this point is vibrated both longitudinally and transversely to agitate the loose flock fibers upon the upper surface of the paper strip. In this manner, virtually all of the flock fibers will be drawn through the perforations under the action of the vacuum pump 22.
At this stage of the process a section through the paper strip 24 will reveal the condition of the paper as illustrated in Figure 5. In-Figure 5 the individual flock fibers, as indicated at 33, have their lower portions 34 extending straight downwardly under the actionof the vacuum pumpZZ. The upper ends of the flock fibers, as indicated at 35, are flat upon the upper surface of the paper strip. This is also partially due to the action of the vacuum pump 22. v
The paper strip 24 with the flock fibers partiallyinserted therethroughis then passed beneath the electro magnetic apparatus 23 and the magnetic field created thereby. The action of the magnetic field upon the fibers causes the upper portions 35,0f the fibers to straighten, as indicated in Figure 6. Consequently, after the strip emerges from beneath the electro-magnetic apparatus 23, the flock fibers have both end portions substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the paper strip 24.
With the fibers straightened by the action of the electromagnetic apparatus 23, the paper strip is then passed through the opening 18 into the drying or baking oven 28. The heat of the heating elements 30 and 31 dries the solvents from the resin and secures the flexible flock fibers within the perforations in the paper strip.
Upon emerging from the drying oven the process is completed. The result is a reinforced tufted paper towel of which a plan view would be as illustrated in Figure 7. The resulting paper towel has greater strength because of the reinforcing action of the flock and the resin. In addition, the drying properties of the towel are greatly increased because of the presenceof the flock tufts over both surfaces of the paper towel.
The towel fabricated by this process may be also used as disposable paper material such as handkerchiefs, Wipers for industry and the like. t
It will be understood that this invention is susceptible to modification in order to adapt it to difierent usages As a result the flock only partially (l and conditions, and, accordingly, it is. desired to comprehend such modification within this invention as may fall within the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is: I V 1. In a method of making tufted paper towels, distributing flock over a perforated paper strip, subjecting individual lengths of flock to an air stream to insert] 7 the flock inthe perforationsto extend above both faces holes with a resin, establishing air streams through the holes in the paper to propel the resin-coated fabric fibers into'said holes whereby the resin will prevent ,the passage" of the fibers completely through the holes and the ends of each fiber will protrude above the surfaces of the. paper strip, and heatingthe resin to secure the fibers.
in the paper strip. a 3. In a method of making towels, the steps of applying. a vacuum to the underside of a perforated sheet,
and distributing a plurality of individual lengths of fibers above the perforated sheet to thrust single fibers in-said l perforations under the action of the vacuum effected through the perforations.
4. In a method 'of making paper towels,
individual lengths of fibers above the perforated sheet,
establishing air streams through said perforations to 1 propel said fibers into said perforations, and securing said fibers within said perforations so that both endsof said fibers project above the surfaces of the sheet.
5. A paper towel comprising a perforated sheet of paper, a single fabric fiber in each of said perforations and extending above both faces of said sheet, and a resinous coating on each fiber which when hardened will secure the fibers in said perforations.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 527,971 Grubb Oct. 23, 1894 1,810,328 Slater June 16, 1931 1,831,064 Frederick Nov. 10, 1931 2,715,074
Hirschburger Aug. 9, 1955 the step of V perforating a sheet of paper, distributing a plurality of

Claims (1)

1. IN A METHOD OF MAKING TUFTED PAPER TOWELS, DISTRIBUTING FLOCK OVER A PERFORATED PAPER STRIP, SUBJECTING INDIVIDUAL LENGTH OF FLOCK TO AN AIR STREAM TO INSERT THE FLOCK IN THE PERFORATIONS TO EXTEND ABOVE BOTH FACES OF THE PAPER, AND SECURING THE FLOCK IN THE STRIP.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215584A (en) * 1961-05-15 1965-11-02 Scott Paper Co Composite fabric and method of manufacture thereof
US3362063A (en) * 1964-01-23 1968-01-09 Gladney R. Williams Method of inserting a fusible safety plug into a pressurized container
US3459579A (en) * 1965-04-01 1969-08-05 Kendall & Co Method of producing flocked nonwoven fabric
US4003509A (en) * 1975-07-10 1977-01-18 Camarero George L Disposable bath towel and dispensing device
DE2703005A1 (en) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Belz Roland TOILET SEAT PAD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IT

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US527971A (en) * 1894-10-23 Apparatus for making rugs
US1810328A (en) * 1927-05-03 1931-06-16 Slater & Sons Inc S Art of making pile fabrics
US1831064A (en) * 1926-12-23 1931-11-10 Continental Diamond Fibre Co Machine for making composite material
US2715074A (en) * 1952-01-30 1955-08-09 Palladium Soc Watertight and air pervious flocked sheet material and method of making same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US527971A (en) * 1894-10-23 Apparatus for making rugs
US1831064A (en) * 1926-12-23 1931-11-10 Continental Diamond Fibre Co Machine for making composite material
US1810328A (en) * 1927-05-03 1931-06-16 Slater & Sons Inc S Art of making pile fabrics
US2715074A (en) * 1952-01-30 1955-08-09 Palladium Soc Watertight and air pervious flocked sheet material and method of making same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215584A (en) * 1961-05-15 1965-11-02 Scott Paper Co Composite fabric and method of manufacture thereof
US3362063A (en) * 1964-01-23 1968-01-09 Gladney R. Williams Method of inserting a fusible safety plug into a pressurized container
US3459579A (en) * 1965-04-01 1969-08-05 Kendall & Co Method of producing flocked nonwoven fabric
US4003509A (en) * 1975-07-10 1977-01-18 Camarero George L Disposable bath towel and dispensing device
DE2703005A1 (en) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Belz Roland TOILET SEAT PAD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IT
US4352214A (en) * 1977-01-26 1982-10-05 Roland Belz Toilet seat cover

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