US2859139A - Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article - Google Patents

Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article Download PDF

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Publication number
US2859139A
US2859139A US473747A US47374754A US2859139A US 2859139 A US2859139 A US 2859139A US 473747 A US473747 A US 473747A US 47374754 A US47374754 A US 47374754A US 2859139 A US2859139 A US 2859139A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
brush
silica
brushes
silicone
atmosphere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US473747A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ramadanoff Dimiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Carbide Corp
Original Assignee
Union Carbide Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Carbide Corp filed Critical Union Carbide Corp
Priority to US473747A priority Critical patent/US2859139A/en
Priority to JP3113955A priority patent/JPS329675B1/ja
Priority to CH337268D priority patent/CH337268A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2859139A publication Critical patent/US2859139A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
    • C04B41/5035—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/87—Ceramics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved commutator brush, and more particularly concerns a silica-containing carbon brush, and an improved method of making same.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of fabricating a carbon brush to effect efficient operation thereof in silicone-contaminated air atmospheres and in normal air atmospheres.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to improve upon present day silica-containing carbon brushes so that said brushes may satisfactorily operate in the presence of silicone vapors, yet continue to perform satisfactorily in a normal air atmosphere.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating the method of this invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a carbonaceous brush embodying this invention.
  • the present invention is an improvement on the behavior of present day silica-containing carbon brushes operating in a silicone atmosphere. It not only imparts a resistance to the deleterious effects produced by a silicone atmosphere, but renders the brush operative in a normal atmosphere to the same degree as a brush having no silica content. This is accomplished by subjecting the silica-containing brush to a relatively high temperature bake. For the brush to operate with maximum life in an atmosphere contaminated with silicone vapors, it must be baked for a suitable period of time at a predetermined temperature falling within a critical temperature range between 1000 C. and 1600 C. A preferred temperature range is between 1400 C. and 1500 C.
  • the brushes to which it is intended to apply the method of this invention may be either plain carbon brushes, graphitic brushes, or electrographitic brushes, the latter being preferred in the present instance.
  • a typical silica- States Patent "ice containing carbon brush embodying the principles of the invention may contain between 0.3 percent and 1.0 percent silica, preferably between 0.5 percent and 0.8 percent silica.
  • the silica-containing carbon brushes to be treated in accordance with the method of the present invention may be preliminarily prepared in any of several ways.
  • One method of incorporating silica in a carbon brush is described in the aforementioned A. R. Bemis Patent No. 1,991,487.
  • Another method consists in impregnating the brush stock with a solution of silicone resin in a solvent, toluene being a preferred solvent in the present instance.
  • the brush is then dried to remove the solvent. Thereafter it is baked at a relatively low temperature between 600 C. and 850 C. to decompose the silicone resin and form silica.
  • Another method of introducing silica in a carbon brush stock consists in impregnating the brush stock with ethyl silicate, preferably a 10 percent solution of ethyl silicate in ethanol. While still wet, the impregnated brush is placed in a concentrated ammonium hydroxide solution. The effect is to produce a precipitate of silica which is uniformly distributed throughout the brush. The brush is then dried in the same manner described in the preceding example.
  • the preferred method of introducing silica uniformly throughout the brush composition is to impregnate the brush stock with a colloidal solution of silica in water. Thereafter the impregnated brush is quickly chilled to 0 C. or lower so as to irreversibly precipitate silica in the brush in uniform distribution. The brush may then be dried and baked in the same manner as in the preceding examples.
  • the above low temperature baking operation may, if so desired, be combined with the high temperature baking process of the present invention into a single baking operation. In such case the baking temperature is then gradually increased up to a temperature between 1000 C. and 1600 C.
  • Table I pertains to electrographitic brushes in which silica was introduced in accordance with the preferred method of the invention. The brushes were operated in an air atmosphere contaminated with silicone vapors.
  • Table II applies to electrographitic brushes in which silica was introduced by impregnation with silicone resin. These brushes were operated in an uncontaminated air atmosphere.
  • the brushes were baked in successive steps to 1000 C., 1300 C., 1400" C., 1500 C., 1500 C. and 1600 C. Between each step the brushes were cooled and tested to determine brush life.
  • a method of imparting long wearing life to a carbon brush for operation in a silicone-containing atmosphere comprising incorporating silica in said brush in an amount between 0.3 percent and 1.0 percent by weight of the brush, and thereafter baking said brush at a temperature between 1000 C. and 1600 C. thus converting the silica into a suitable form for imparting increased wear life to said brush in said atmosphere.
  • a method of imparting long wearing life to a carbon brush for operation in a silicone-containing atmosphere comprising impregnating the brush with a solution of silicone resin in toluene, drying the brush to remove the toluene, decomposing the silicone resin to silica in an amount between 0.3% and 1.0% silica by baking the brush at a temperature between 600 C. and 850 C., and thereafter rebaking the brush at a temperature between l000 C. and 1600 C.
  • a method of imparting long wearing life to a carbon brush for operation in a silicone-containing atmosphere comprising impregnating the brush with a solution of ethyl silicate to provide between 0.3% and 1.0% silica, exposing the brush while still wet to concentrated ammonium hydroxide, baking the brush at a temperature between 600 C. and 850 C., and thereafter rebaking said brush at a temperature between 1000 C. and 1600 C.
  • a method of imparting long wearing life to a carbon brush for operation in a silicone-containing atmosphere comprising impregnating the brush with a colloidal solution of silica in water, chilling the impregnated brush to about 0 C. to uniformly precipitate silica in the brush in an amount between 0.3% and 1.0%, baking the brush at a temperature between 600 C. and 850 C., and thereafter rebaking said brush at a temperature between 1000 C. and 1600 C.
  • a method of imparting long wearing life to a car bon brush for operation in a silicone-containing atmosphere comprising impregnating the bgush with a colloidal solution of silica in water, chilling the impregnated brush to about 0 C. to uniformly precipitate silica in the brush in an amount between 0.3% and 1.0%, and gradually baking the brush up to a temperature between 1000 C. and 1600 C.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
US473747A 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article Expired - Lifetime US2859139A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US473747A US2859139A (en) 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article
JP3113955A JPS329675B1 (en, 2012) 1954-12-07 1955-11-30
CH337268D CH337268A (fr) 1954-12-07 1955-12-05 Procédé de fabrication d'un balai de contact électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US337268XA 1954-12-07 1954-12-07
US473747A US2859139A (en) 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article

Publications (1)

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US2859139A true US2859139A (en) 1958-11-04

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US473747A Expired - Lifetime US2859139A (en) 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2859139A (en, 2012)
JP (1) JPS329675B1 (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH337268A (en, 2012)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2972556A (en) * 1958-12-09 1961-02-21 Union Carbide Corp Composite coated carbonaceous article and process of making the same
US2991201A (en) * 1959-05-04 1961-07-04 Union Carbide Corp Dust-free activated carbon articles
US2992127A (en) * 1958-12-23 1961-07-11 Texas Instruments Inc Novel graphite articles and method of making
DE1171982B (de) * 1959-09-09 1964-06-11 Schunk & Ebe Gmbh Silikonfeste Buerste fuer elektrische Maschinen
US3751294A (en) * 1971-06-09 1973-08-07 G Fridman Brushes for electrical apparatus and methods for their manufacture
FR2548174A1 (fr) * 1983-06-15 1985-01-04 Lorraine Carbone Procede d'obtention de materiaux carbones comportant des grains ultrafins
US4944991A (en) * 1988-07-08 1990-07-31 Electric Power Research Institute Formation of alumina impregnated carbon fiber mats
US5225283A (en) * 1987-04-24 1993-07-06 Allied-Signal Inc. Coating for protecting a carbon-carbon composite from oxidative degradation
US6068926A (en) * 1993-09-09 2000-05-30 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Carbon brush and process for impregnating same
WO2005025035A1 (ja) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-17 Totan Kako Co., Ltd. 電気機械用カーボンブラシ

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1480675A (en) * 1920-11-11 1924-01-15 William W Varney Electric resistor and its process of manufacture
US1729343A (en) * 1929-09-24 Assiqnob
US1991487A (en) * 1933-02-20 1935-02-19 Speer Carbon Company Impregnating carbonaceous brushes with abrasive material
US2216493A (en) * 1939-04-11 1940-10-01 Stackpole Carbon Co Electrographitic brush
US2790736A (en) * 1955-01-31 1957-04-30 Rohm & Haas Methods of making coated paper products and the products obtained

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1729343A (en) * 1929-09-24 Assiqnob
US1480675A (en) * 1920-11-11 1924-01-15 William W Varney Electric resistor and its process of manufacture
US1991487A (en) * 1933-02-20 1935-02-19 Speer Carbon Company Impregnating carbonaceous brushes with abrasive material
US2216493A (en) * 1939-04-11 1940-10-01 Stackpole Carbon Co Electrographitic brush
US2790736A (en) * 1955-01-31 1957-04-30 Rohm & Haas Methods of making coated paper products and the products obtained

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2972556A (en) * 1958-12-09 1961-02-21 Union Carbide Corp Composite coated carbonaceous article and process of making the same
US2992127A (en) * 1958-12-23 1961-07-11 Texas Instruments Inc Novel graphite articles and method of making
US2991201A (en) * 1959-05-04 1961-07-04 Union Carbide Corp Dust-free activated carbon articles
DE1171982B (de) * 1959-09-09 1964-06-11 Schunk & Ebe Gmbh Silikonfeste Buerste fuer elektrische Maschinen
US3751294A (en) * 1971-06-09 1973-08-07 G Fridman Brushes for electrical apparatus and methods for their manufacture
FR2548174A1 (fr) * 1983-06-15 1985-01-04 Lorraine Carbone Procede d'obtention de materiaux carbones comportant des grains ultrafins
US5225283A (en) * 1987-04-24 1993-07-06 Allied-Signal Inc. Coating for protecting a carbon-carbon composite from oxidative degradation
US4944991A (en) * 1988-07-08 1990-07-31 Electric Power Research Institute Formation of alumina impregnated carbon fiber mats
US6068926A (en) * 1993-09-09 2000-05-30 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Carbon brush and process for impregnating same
WO2005025035A1 (ja) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-17 Totan Kako Co., Ltd. 電気機械用カーボンブラシ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH337268A (fr) 1959-03-31
JPS329675B1 (en, 2012) 1957-11-16

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