US2852004A - Superheater and pressurized boiler - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 16, 1958 G. A. REHM SUPERHEATER AND PRESSURIZED BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 23, 1955 PARKER I). CARTER AT TO R NEYS Sept. 16, 1958 G. A. REHM 2,852,004

Y sUPERHEATER AND PRESSURIZED BOILER Filed Sept. 25, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR. GUSTAV A. REHM PARKER & CARTER ATTORNEYS Sept. 16, 1958 G. A. REHM 2,852,004

SUPERHEATER AND PRESSURIZED BOILER Filed Sept. 23, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

GUSTAV A. REHM PARKER 2 CARTER ATTORNEYS SUPERHEATER AND PRESSURIZED BOILER Gustav A. Rehm, Springfield, Ill., assignor to Springfield Boiler Co., Springfield, Illa, a corporation of Illinois Application September 23, 1955, Serial No. 536,081

6 Claims. (6!. 122-476) This invention is in the field of steam boilers and the like and takes the form of a new and improved boiler structure with a superheater constructed and arranged to provide superheated steam more etficiently for a suitable industrial use or otherwise.

A primary object of my invention is a new and improved boiler structure with a divided superheater structime Another object is a boiler having a combustion chamber, superheater space and gas path arranged in a more efficient manner relative to each other.

Another object is a boiler of the above type having a superheater divided into sections with means for directing the hot gases from the combustion space into the superheater sections at right angles to both sets of superheater tubes therein.

Another object is a new and improved boiler structure having a platen wall directing the hot gases from the combustion space in an optimum direction for heat transfer to a high and low temperature superheater structure.

Another object is a superheater structure of a new and improved type for use in a boiler or the like.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the ensuing specification and drawings in which:

Figure l is a plan view, in section, showing my invention;

Figure 2 is a section taken along line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section taken along line 33 of Figure 2;

and

Figure 4 is a section taken along line 44 of Figure 1.

In the drawings I have shown a boiler housing indicated generally at which includes a suitable foundation or base 12, front and rear walls 14- and 16, right and left side walls 18 and 20, a roof 22, and an intermediate wall 24 extending longitudinally from the front wall within the housing and terminating at 26 in spaced relationship to the rear wall 16 so as to define a combustion space 28 and a gas path 39 leading to a suitable outlet 32. Heat may be supplied to the combustion space by any suitable heating means 34 which could take the form of a gas or oil injector, coal stoker or a unit designed for pulverized fuel with the necessary hoppers.

A superheater space 36 occupies the entire rear portion of the housing from the end 26 of the intermediate wall rearwardly and is partially masked by a platen wall 38 which extends laterally from the end of the intermediate wall toward the side wall 18. The platen wall defines an inlet passage 49 to the superheater space on one side and an outlet passage 42 on the other side leading to the gas path. As shown in Figure 1 the platen wall is approximately one third the lateral width of the inner housing and is positioned generally in the middle of the housing with the inlet and outlet spaces or passages on each side being generally equal in lateral width.

The walls of the housing are lined with the usual water wall tubes 44 with a double row 46 into the back wall, and a plurality of the usual convection tubes 48 extends through the gas path and connect the usual upper and Patented Sept. 16, 1958 lower drums 50 and 52. The platen wall is lined on each side with bafiie tubes 54 extending between the upper and lower drums, and a line of generally equally spaced screen tubes 56 extend laterally from the end of the platen wall across the superheater inlet.

The superheater tubes in the superheater space are divided into a low temperature superheater 58 next to the hot gas outlet and a high temperature superheater 60 behind the inlet 40 from the combustion space. The low temperature superheater is composed of a double 'row of tubes generally smaller in diameter than the convection and water wall tubes and connected to the upper drum at 62 in Figure 3. The smaller tubes bend through a tortuous path having an overall rectangular appearance and lead out through a port or opening in the side wall at 64 to a primary superheater header 66. This header may be a continuous tube or pipe bent generally at a right angle at 68 in Figure 1 and extending along the back wall as a secondary superheater header 70, the primary and secondary superheater headers being separated by a suitable orifice plate '72.

The high temperature superheater 60 is connected to the secondary superheater header at 74 and extends through a suitable opening or port in the rear wall upwardly in an individual tortuous path but overall rectangular pattern 76 to a suspension point 78 and returns by straight sections 8% and 82 to an outlet header 84 in the rear wall below the secondary header 76. This high temperature superheater, like the low temperature superheater, is composed of smaller diameter tubes, in pairs, generally parallel to each other at all points. The L-shaped headers as and and the outlet header 84 are positioned in a box 36 attached to the sides of the housing walls so that the headings can be removed and replaced easily.

In general, each of the superheaters is composed of a plurality of outwardly extending tubes connected between headers, the tubes being smaller in diameter than the water wall and convection tubes and generally arranged in pairs in a plane at right angles to the headers. The tubes of high temperature superheater are generally parallel to the inflowing hot gases from the combustion space, as shown in Figure 1, so maximum heat transfer will be aifected, and the low temperature superheater tubes are disposed at right angles to the high temperature tubes so that when the hot gases turn the corner around the platen wall 38 they will flow directly over the low temperature tubes.

The two sets of superheater tubes may be separated by a longitudinal row of screen tubes 88, and the outlet from the superheater space may have a suitable row of lateral screen tubes 90.

An attemperator or heat exchanger 92 in the lower drum draws superheated steam from the header 66 by a suitable connection 5% which enters the lower drum 96 in Figure 2. The attemperator extends through the lower drum to an outlet 98 and through a connection 1% to the secondary superheater header 7i) beyond the orifice plate 72. Superheated steam from the low temperature superheater header will be drawn through the heat exchanger in the lower drum where it is cooled down to near saturation temperature. This part of total steam is returned into the high temperature superheater header 100 where it is mixed with the steam passing through the orifice plate 72. All of the steam leaving the upper drum goes through the low temperature superheater, and part of it will be directed down through, the heat exchanger in the lower drum and brought back to the inlet header of the secondary superheater header The pressure drop created between the low and:

high temperatures superheaters necessary to force some of the steam through the attemperator or heat exchanger is caused by the orifice plate. The steam returning from the attemperator or heat exchanger mixes with the other portionof the steam so that all of the steam againv enters'the high temperature superheater, and the temperature can be controlled by the amount of steam going through the attemperator or heat exchanger. This functions as a steam temperature control and the orifice plate could be suitable valves or the like.

The use, operation and function of my invention are as follows:

In my invention, I have a boiler structure composed of three primary spaces, a combustion space or chamber, a superheater space, and a gas path leading to a suitable outlet. The housing is generally rectangular as shown in Figure 1. But the combustion space and gas path are disposed laterally side by side, and the superheater space occupies the entire rear portion of the housing so that the hot gas from the combustion space turns 180 through the superheater space while flowing to the gas path. The gas path from the superheater space to outlet is baflled to direct the gases vertically up and down, thus striking all boiler convection heating surfaces at low and high loads. In Figure 2 I have only shown these bafiles generally as any suitable arrangement could be used.

The platen wall extending outwardly from the end of the intermediate wall directs the gases to the inlet passage or opening for the superheater so that the hot gases will enter flowing in a direction parallel to a high temperature superheater disposed in the first part of the superheater space. The gases turn 90 while passing through this first part of the superheater space, until they are flowing laterally into the second part of the space in which a low temperature superheater is positioned so that the gases are flowing in a rotary motion over the low temperature tubes. Screen tubes may be laterally disposed across the superheater inlet and outlet, and a row of screen tubes may be used between the superheater sections.

An L-shaped superheater header extends across the rear wall and part of one side wall and functions as the outlet header for the low temperature: superheater and the inlet header for the high temperature superheater. This L-shaped header is divided by an orifice plate into two sections corresponding to the two superheaters although a valve could be used.

Both of the superheaters are composed of parallel tubes generally in pairs havinga smaller diameter than the convection and water wall tubes, and the two superheatersections are disposed at right angles to each other so that the gas will be flowing generally parallel to the tubes in each .section.

The platen wall defining the inlet opening to the superheater space extends to the edge of the high temperature superheater thus forming a gas opening generally the same width as the superheater, and the hot gases enter the second or low temperature superheater at right angles to their previous path.

It should be noted that for both superheaters a maximum heat transfer will be effected because the hot gases will be. executing a turning or rotary movement while passing over the superheating elements.

The detail of the drums have been eliminated from the figures for clarity. Likewise soot blowers, safety valves, vents, observation port and other standard items and equipment could be used but have not been shown.

While I have shown and described the preferred form of my invention, it should be understood that numerous modifications, substitutions, alterations and changes can bernade, and I therefore wish that my invention be unrestricted except as bythe appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a boiler structure a housing having front, rear, and side walls, means defining a combustion space and gas path in the housing and a superheater space between them, the combustion space and gas path being generally parallel and disposed longitudinally, the superheater space being laterally disposed against the rear wall across the entire rear portion of the housing, and a superheater in the superheater space including a low temperature superheater in the side of the superheater space adjacent and aligned with the gas path and a high temperature superheater in the other side of the superheater space adjacent and aligned with the combustion space, the outlet for the low temperature superheater and the inlet for the high temperature superheater being connected by an L-shaped header on the back Wall and side wall, the low temperature superheater outlet and high temperature superheater inlet dividing the header into a. low temperature header portion and a high temperature header portion, a, suitable constriction between the two portions,- and means for regulating the temperature of the steam in the high temperature superheater including means for drawing off a quantity of steam in the low temperature portion of the header, cooling it, and returning itby bypassing the constriction to the high temperature portion of the header.

2. In a boiler structure, a housing having front, rear. and side walls, means defining a combustion space andgas path, in the housing and a superheater space between them, the combustion space and gas path being generally parallel and disposed longitudinally, the superheater space being laterally disposed against the rear wall across the entire rear portion of the housing, and a superheater in the superheater space including a low temperature superheater in the side of the superheater, space adjacent and aligned with the gas path and a, high temperature superheater in the other side of the super,- heater space adjacent and aligned with the combustion space, and an L-shaped generally horizontally disposed header connected at spaced locations to both the low and high temperature superheaters constituting the outlet for the former and the inlet for the latter having one leg of the L longitudinally disposed along the side wall and the other leg laterally disposed along the rear wall, the low temperature superheater being connected to the longitudinal leg and the high temperature superheater to the lateral leg.

3. The structure of claim 2 further characterized in that the L-shaped header has both its longitudinal and lateral legs disposed removably in openings in the, side.-

and rear walls, respectively.

4. The structure of claim 1 further characterized in;

between them which terminates a substantial distance.-

from the rear wall of the housing, an opening in the side and rear walls, means in the housing defining a superheater space at the end of the longitudinal wall to the rear wall and between the side walls, a superheater structure in the superheater space including an L-shaped header disposed in said opening in the sideand rear walls so as to be removable, a low temperature laterally disposed superheater offset in the superheater space adjacent the gas path and ahigh temperature longitudinally disposed superheater offset adjacent the furnace space, each such superheater including. a

pluralityof superheater tubes connected, as a group, ,at

a spaced point from the connection of the other superheater to the header in generally parallel planes and at right angles to the header, the path of each tube being tortuous and including a zig-zag section with laterally horizontal, rectilinear lengths and integral, connecting bends providing an over-all, generally rectangular outline, the rectilinear lengths and integral connecting bends being aligned generally with the gas path and furnace space, respectively, to provide a minimum resistance to the flow of hot gases through the superheater space into the gas path, a lateral Wall of circulation tubes generally in the line of flow of hot gases from the furnace space ahead of the high temperature superheater, and a line of screen tubes across the entrance to the low temperature superheater.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Ostermann -4 Aug. 7, Kerr July 28, Stillman Apr. 30, Kerr Dec. 8, Stillman July 9, Andrew Feb. 4, Behr July 24,

FOREIGN PATENTS France June 17,

Images