US2850599A - Extinguishing chamber for oil circuit breakers - Google Patents

Extinguishing chamber for oil circuit breakers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2850599A
US2850599A US512245A US51224555A US2850599A US 2850599 A US2850599 A US 2850599A US 512245 A US512245 A US 512245A US 51224555 A US51224555 A US 51224555A US 2850599 A US2850599 A US 2850599A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
extinguishing chamber
circuit breakers
cylinder
oil circuit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US512245A
Inventor
Forwald Haakon
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/75—Liquid-break switches, e.g. oil-break

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an extinguishing chamber for oil circuit breakers, especially for small breaking capacities.
  • the extinguishing chamber according to the invention is characterized by small dimensions, a considerable breaking capacity and a simple design.
  • An important feature of this invention is that the extinguishing oil is brought into contact with the are by an annular shaped slot with changeable width, which slot is closed as long as the pressure developed by the arc is high and is opened only when the current through the arc decreases. crease of the are voltage is avoided, which always appears when the arc is exposed to the action of a strong oil jet, when the circuit through the are still is comparatively high. This increase of the voltage causes an unnecessary decomposition of the oil.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an extinguishing chamber according to the invention.
  • the drawing 1 designates an insulating cylinder, which at the bottom is closed by a cover 2 of metal, on which the stationary contact 3 of the circuit breaker is attached.
  • the movable contact is a pin contact and is designated by 4.
  • a further insulating cylinder 5 which at the upper end is attached by means of an annular cover 6' to a metal cylinder 6 fastened to the upper end of the cylinder 1.
  • the cylinder is at the lower end provided with a bottom 7 having an opening 8 for the passage of the movable contact.
  • a dome 9 which consists of an insulating cylinder 10 with a cover 11, which cover also is provided with an opening 12 for the passage of the movable contact.
  • the dome 9 is provided with fins or other inwardly extending members 13, which slide against the stationary contact 3 or against a sleeve surrounding this contact, whereby the motion of the dome 9 is guided sideways.
  • the extinguishing chamber is to a certain height filled with oil, but above the oil level, between the cylinders 5 and 6, there is a space 14 which is filled with air or some other gas.
  • the arrangement acts in the following way.
  • an arc is formed in the space bounded by the dome 9.
  • the pressure generated by said are lifts the dome so that the cover 11 is forced against the bottom 7 thus closing the slot between these parts.
  • an opening is formed for the passage of the oil into the space between the cylinders 1 and 5, so that the oil
  • an unnecessary in- States Paten Patented Sept. 2, 1958 ice 1 be provided with an annular slot through which oil is forced against the arc, and that the width of this annular slot shall be dependent upon the pressure, so that it is closed when the current through the arc is high and is opened only when the pressure through the arc decreases.
  • An oil blast circuit breaker comprising a housing forming an extinguishing chamber, a movable and a stationary contact in said chamber, a vertically movable dome shaped member surrounding the stationary contact and arranged in the bottom of said chamber, a cylinder arranged above said dome shaped member and attached to said housing, said cylinder and housing forming a confined space containing oil and gas and forming a pressure accumulator, the top of said dome shaped mem ber and the bottom of said cylinder being provided with apertures forming a passage for the movable contact and said dome top and cylinder bottom forming an annular slot of variable width through which oil may be forced against an are between the contacts by the pressure of the gas enclosed in the said confined space.
  • An air blast circuit breaker comprising ahousing forming an arc extinguishing oil chamber, a fixed contact located in said chamber and attached to the bottom of said housing, a movable contact located in said chamber for downward movement into the closed position, an inner insulating cylinder fixed to the said housing so as to form a confined annular space for a gas between its outer surface and the upper part of the housing, and a vertically movable annular insulating member surrounding the fixed contact and forming with the lower end of said cylinder an annular slot for the passage of oil to the are between the said contacts when the oil is forced downwardly by the pressure of the gas in the said confined annular space and when the said insulating cylinder and annular insulating member are separated from each other to open the said annular slot.
  • a circuit breaker according to claim 2 in which the fixed contact serves as a guide for the vertical movement of the said annular insulating member towards and away from the said insulating cylinder to close and open the said annular slot.

Description

Sept. 2, 1958 v H. FORWALD A ,5
EXTINGUISHING CHAMBER FOR 011. CIRCUIT BREAKERS Filed May 51, 1955 I x I I K g E} S W I fm en for Hakon Fbrwa/d EXTINGUISHING CHAMBER FOR OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS Haakon Forwald, Ludvika, Sweden, assignor to Allmiinna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget, Vasteras, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application May 31, 1955, Serial No. 512,245
Claims priority, application Sweden June 4, 1954 3 Claims. (Cl. 200-450) The present invention concerns an extinguishing chamber for oil circuit breakers, especially for small breaking capacities. The extinguishing chamber according to the invention is characterized by small dimensions, a considerable breaking capacity and a simple design. An important feature of this invention is that the extinguishing oil is brought into contact with the are by an annular shaped slot with changeable width, which slot is closed as long as the pressure developed by the arc is high and is opened only when the current through the arc decreases. crease of the are voltage is avoided, which always appears when the arc is exposed to the action of a strong oil jet, when the circuit through the are still is comparatively high. This increase of the voltage causes an unnecessary decomposition of the oil.
The invention will be readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawing which schematically shows an extinguishing chamber according to the invention. In the drawing 1 designates an insulating cylinder, which at the bottom is closed by a cover 2 of metal, on which the stationary contact 3 of the circuit breaker is attached.
The movable contact is a pin contact and is designated by 4. In the cylinder 1 there is arranged a further insulating cylinder 5, which at the upper end is attached by means of an annular cover 6' to a metal cylinder 6 fastened to the upper end of the cylinder 1. The cylinder is at the lower end provided with a bottom 7 having an opening 8 for the passage of the movable contact. Below the bottom 7 there is a dome 9, which consists of an insulating cylinder 10 with a cover 11, which cover also is provided with an opening 12 for the passage of the movable contact. The dome 9 is provided with fins or other inwardly extending members 13, which slide against the stationary contact 3 or against a sleeve surrounding this contact, whereby the motion of the dome 9 is guided sideways. The extinguishing chamber is to a certain height filled with oil, but above the oil level, between the cylinders 5 and 6, there is a space 14 which is filled with air or some other gas.
The arrangement acts in the following way. When the contacts 3 and 4 separate, an arc is formed in the space bounded by the dome 9. The pressure generated by said are lifts the dome so that the cover 11 is forced against the bottom 7 thus closing the slot between these parts. Simultaneously at the lower edge of the dome 9 an opening is formed for the passage of the oil into the space between the cylinders 1 and 5, so that the oil By this arrangement an unnecessary in- States Paten Patented Sept. 2, 1958 ice 1 be provided with an annular slot through which oil is forced against the arc, and that the width of this annular slot shall be dependent upon the pressure, so that it is closed when the current through the arc is high and is opened only when the pressure through the arc decreases.
I claim as my invention:
1. An oil blast circuit breaker comprising a housing forming an extinguishing chamber, a movable and a stationary contact in said chamber, a vertically movable dome shaped member surrounding the stationary contact and arranged in the bottom of said chamber, a cylinder arranged above said dome shaped member and attached to said housing, said cylinder and housing forming a confined space containing oil and gas and forming a pressure accumulator, the top of said dome shaped mem ber and the bottom of said cylinder being provided with apertures forming a passage for the movable contact and said dome top and cylinder bottom forming an annular slot of variable width through which oil may be forced against an are between the contacts by the pressure of the gas enclosed in the said confined space.
2. An air blast circuit breaker comprising ahousing forming an arc extinguishing oil chamber, a fixed contact located in said chamber and attached to the bottom of said housing, a movable contact located in said chamber for downward movement into the closed position, an inner insulating cylinder fixed to the said housing so as to form a confined annular space for a gas between its outer surface and the upper part of the housing, and a vertically movable annular insulating member surrounding the fixed contact and forming with the lower end of said cylinder an annular slot for the passage of oil to the are between the said contacts when the oil is forced downwardly by the pressure of the gas in the said confined annular space and when the said insulating cylinder and annular insulating member are separated from each other to open the said annular slot.
3. A circuit breaker according to claim 2, in which the fixed contact serves as a guide for the vertical movement of the said annular insulating member towards and away from the said insulating cylinder to close and open the said annular slot.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,387,589 Kesselring et al Oct. 23, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS 423,424 Great Britain Ian. 31, 1935 676,421 Germany June 3, 1939 537,093 Great Britain Inm 9 1941
US512245A 1954-06-04 1955-05-31 Extinguishing chamber for oil circuit breakers Expired - Lifetime US2850599A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE339650X 1954-06-04

Publications (1)

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US2850599A true US2850599A (en) 1958-09-02

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US512245A Expired - Lifetime US2850599A (en) 1954-06-04 1955-05-31 Extinguishing chamber for oil circuit breakers

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US (1) US2850599A (en)
CH (1) CH339650A (en)
DE (1) DE1023111B (en)
FR (1) FR1139252A (en)
GB (1) GB769781A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3045087A (en) * 1957-05-10 1962-07-17 Siemens Ag Liquid-break circuit interrupters
US3056873A (en) * 1959-05-15 1962-10-02 Asea Ab High voltage oil circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH378392A (en) * 1959-09-09 1964-06-15 Asea Ab Oil switch
US3166659A (en) * 1959-12-16 1965-01-19 Asea Ab Oil circuit breaker comprising an extinguishing chamber for high voltages

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB423424A (en) * 1932-01-23 1935-01-31 Asea Ab Improvements in electric circuit breakers
DE676421C (en) * 1938-02-10 1939-06-03 Studiengesellschaft Fuer Hochl Circuit breaker
GB537093A (en) * 1939-03-03 1941-06-09 Asea Ab Extinguishing chambers for electrical circuit breakers
US2387589A (en) * 1937-07-19 1945-10-23 Kesselring Fritz Circuit breaker

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE662807C (en) * 1935-09-10 1938-07-21 Studiengesellschaft Fuer Hochl Circuit breaker with arc extinguishing by a liquid flow
DE671265C (en) * 1937-07-31 1939-02-03 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Fire chamber fluid switch

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB423424A (en) * 1932-01-23 1935-01-31 Asea Ab Improvements in electric circuit breakers
US2387589A (en) * 1937-07-19 1945-10-23 Kesselring Fritz Circuit breaker
DE676421C (en) * 1938-02-10 1939-06-03 Studiengesellschaft Fuer Hochl Circuit breaker
GB537093A (en) * 1939-03-03 1941-06-09 Asea Ab Extinguishing chambers for electrical circuit breakers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3045087A (en) * 1957-05-10 1962-07-17 Siemens Ag Liquid-break circuit interrupters
US3056873A (en) * 1959-05-15 1962-10-02 Asea Ab High voltage oil circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1023111B (en) 1958-01-23
GB769781A (en) 1957-03-13
CH339650A (en) 1959-07-15
FR1139252A (en) 1957-06-27

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