US2842704A - Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device - Google Patents

Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2842704A
US2842704A US204328A US20432851A US2842704A US 2842704 A US2842704 A US 2842704A US 204328 A US204328 A US 204328A US 20432851 A US20432851 A US 20432851A US 2842704 A US2842704 A US 2842704A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
discharge tube
tube
electron beam
electric discharge
high frequencies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US204328A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bernardus Bastiaan Van Iperen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2842704A publication Critical patent/US2842704A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/28—Interdigital slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device comprising an electric discharge tube for producing electromagnetic waves of the order of 1 cm. to 1 m.
  • the invention furthermore relates to an electric discharge tube for use in such a device.
  • electromagnetic waves having a length of the order of a few centimeters to a few decimeters can be produced using an electron discharge tube, in which an electron beam moves along the axis of a helical condnctor and interacts with a wave travelling along the helix.
  • an electron discharge tube in which an electron beam moves along the axis of a helical condnctor and interacts with a wave travelling along the helix.
  • This kind of tube it is generally difficult to maintain a particular frequency since there are various frequencies at which the electromagnetic field along the axis of the tube is sinusoidal. Moreover, these frequencies lie close together and occur at approximately the same voltage.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electron discharge device capable of producing electromagnetic waves of fixed frequency in the centimeter range.
  • an electron beam is passed through holes in a number of substantially equispaced strips arranged transverse to the direction of motion of the electron beam and alternately connected to two conductors which extend in the direction of motion of the electron beam, the distance between the strips being such that at the particular frequency the transit time of the electrons between two successive strips is smaller than one-half cycles of the oscillation produced.
  • the total length l of the oscillatory system, the wavelength A, the velocity of the electrons in volts V and the average number n of intermediate spaces between the strips on the conductors should satisfy the expression:
  • the manner of oscillation of the two conductors is such that as a whole they oscillate in phase opposition with respect to each other.
  • the field according to the direction of motion of the electron beam is then approximately sinusoidal with a constant amplitude as a point function. It is also possible to use higher frequencies at which the field in the direction of motion of the electron beam is approximately sinusoidal, but in this case the amplitude as a point function is not constant.
  • the acceleration voltage associated with these frequencies is much higher, since it is proportional to together in a sectional area at right angles to the direction of motion of the electron beam.
  • the system may either be short-circuited or not short-circuited on the side remote from the electron beam so that the Lecher wire system obtained is extended in the direction at right angles to the' currents'passing through this.
  • the high-frequency currents passing through the system consequently move at right angles to the electron beam.
  • the sectional area at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the system be rectangular, since it may take the form of a gutter-shaped or U-shaped member having a sectional area in the form of a circle sector or of dififerent form.
  • the effective length of the Lecher wire system in a sectional area at right angles to the electron beam is an odd or an even number of quarter wavelengths.
  • the two conductors may, alternatively, be constituted by the front and rear wall of aprismatic wave guide which may be considered to be two Lecher wire systems of one-quarter wavelength arranged with their open ends against each other.
  • the short-circuit in the Lecher wire system may also be constructed as to be movable outside the evacuated space of the tube, so that the tube is suitable for variable frequencies. If desired, the Lecher system may also be short-circuited within the tube to reduce parasitic radiation and to increase the natural frequency.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the electrode system of a tube according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the same electrode system.
  • Figs. 3 to 6 are cross-sectional views of variants of this electrode system.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective sketch of a resonator System of a tube according to the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 designates an incandescent cathode and 2 an acceleration electrade which at the same time serves as a beam forming electrode.
  • the two conductors are designated 5 and 6.
  • the anode is designated 7.
  • To the upper and lower walls 3 and 4 of the prismatic wave guide are secured strips 8 and 9, respectively, which are provided with recesses located behind one another for the passage of the electron beam.
  • n 5 /2.
  • Strips 8 and 9 are secured to the two conductors 11 and 12 (Fig. 3) which are interconnected by a third condnctor 10, so that a gutter-shaped or U-shaped member is formed, corresponding to one-half of the prismatic wave guide shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the electrode system shown in Fig. 4 differs from that shown in Fig. 3 in that two L-shaped conductors are assembled to form a gutter-shaped member so that only a capacitative and not a conductive connection is formed in the bottom of this gutter.
  • two conductors 16 and 17 are shunted by a movable short-circuit bridge 18 provided at the exterior of the wall 19 of the vacuum tube.
  • the apertured elongated strips are designated 14 and 15.
  • another stationary short-circuit 2i may be provided at the top of the conductors 16 and 17 (Fig. 6), whereby the tunability by means of the bridge 18 is only slightly affected.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective sketch of a gutter-shaped or U-shaped member 21 of a circle-sector section, at the edges of which rings 22 and 23 are alternately arranged.
  • An electron discharge device for producing electrical oscillations having very short wavelength, said discharge device comprising an evacuated tube containing: an electron gun assembly for producing an electron beam; an anode located in the axial path of said beam; and an oscillatory electrode system interposed between said electron gun and said anode and comprising a conductive gutter-shaped U-shaped element extending parallel to said beam, said element being characterized in that each elemental cross-sectional segment thereof is tuned to the frequency of oscillation of said electron discharge device, said element having a plurality of thin conductive strip-like electrode members having a transverse cross-sectional area very substantially smaller than that of said element secured to the edges thereof, alternate striplike members extending from the opposite edges and spaced from the respective opposing edges of saidelement and spaced transversely fromthe bottom walls of said element and regularly spaced axially along said element, each of said strip-like electrode members having an aperture therethrough through which said electron beam passes one after another to excite said element into oscillation, successive ones of said strip-like members being connected to opposite edges of said element

Landscapes

  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
US204328A 1950-01-19 1951-01-04 Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device Expired - Lifetime US2842704A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL294870X 1950-01-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2842704A true US2842704A (en) 1958-07-08

Family

ID=19782926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US204328A Expired - Lifetime US2842704A (en) 1950-01-19 1951-01-04 Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2842704A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)
BE (1) BE500678A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)
CH (1) CH294870A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)
DE (1) DE841766C (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)
FR (1) FR1031115A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)
GB (1) GB708429A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924738A (en) * 1954-01-14 1960-02-09 Varian Associates Electron beam apparatus
US3005129A (en) * 1957-03-19 1961-10-17 Raytheon Co Magnetron oscillators

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE952015C (de) * 1952-07-19 1956-11-08 Csf Wanderfeldroehre mit in Form einer symmetrischen Kammleitung ausgebildeter Verzoegerungsleitung
FR1068448A (fr) * 1952-12-19 1954-06-24 Csf Perfectionnements aux lignes à retard du type dit interdigital
NL211531A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png) * 1955-12-12
DE1086301B (de) * 1957-04-25 1960-08-04 Siemens Ag Lauffeldroehre mit einem gefalteten Hohlleiter als Verzoegerungsleitung

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2074478A (en) * 1935-12-31 1937-03-23 Rca Corp Short wave detector
US2145727A (en) * 1937-12-28 1939-01-31 Gen Electric High voltage discharge apparatus
US2289756A (en) * 1938-05-27 1942-07-14 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron tube and circuits employing it
US2289952A (en) * 1940-11-28 1942-07-14 Rca Corp Electron gun
US2487656A (en) * 1943-11-22 1949-11-08 Rca Corp Electron discharge device of the beam deflection type
US2532545A (en) * 1945-03-08 1950-12-05 Everhart Edgar Magnetron oscillator
US2643353A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-06-23 Int Standard Electric Corp Traveling wave tube
US2653270A (en) * 1944-06-08 1953-09-22 English Electric Valve Co Ltd High-frequency energy interchange device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2074478A (en) * 1935-12-31 1937-03-23 Rca Corp Short wave detector
US2145727A (en) * 1937-12-28 1939-01-31 Gen Electric High voltage discharge apparatus
US2289756A (en) * 1938-05-27 1942-07-14 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron tube and circuits employing it
US2289952A (en) * 1940-11-28 1942-07-14 Rca Corp Electron gun
US2487656A (en) * 1943-11-22 1949-11-08 Rca Corp Electron discharge device of the beam deflection type
US2653270A (en) * 1944-06-08 1953-09-22 English Electric Valve Co Ltd High-frequency energy interchange device
US2532545A (en) * 1945-03-08 1950-12-05 Everhart Edgar Magnetron oscillator
US2643353A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-06-23 Int Standard Electric Corp Traveling wave tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924738A (en) * 1954-01-14 1960-02-09 Varian Associates Electron beam apparatus
US3005129A (en) * 1957-03-19 1961-10-17 Raytheon Co Magnetron oscillators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB708429A (en) 1954-05-05
FR1031115A (fr) 1953-06-19
CH294870A (de) 1953-11-30
DE841766C (de) 1952-06-19
BE500678A (US07122603-20061017-C00045.png)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3387169A (en) Slow wave structure of the comb type having strap means connecting the teeth to form iterative inductive shunt loadings
US2402184A (en) Ultra high frequency electronic device contained within wave guides
US3221205A (en) Traveling-wave tube with trap means for preventing oscillation at unwanted frequencies
US3504222A (en) Slow-wave circuit including meander line and shielding therefor
US2468152A (en) Ultra high frequency apparatus of the cavity resonator type
US2888597A (en) Travelling wave oscillator tubes
US2832005A (en) Electron-discharge devices
US2842704A (en) Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device
US2409224A (en) Oscillator
US2843791A (en) Traveling wave tube
US2409694A (en) Electron discharge device
US2487656A (en) Electron discharge device of the beam deflection type
US2411535A (en) High-frequency electron discharge apparatus
GB1042620A (en) High frequency electron discharge devices embodying slow-wave structures
US2797354A (en) Millimeter wave electric discharge device
US2844797A (en) Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US3846665A (en) Velocity modulation tube with frequency multiplication for the continuous generation of high power outputs
US2717327A (en) Velocity modulation devices
US2807784A (en) Coupling and matching device for external circuits of a traveling wave tube
US2464801A (en) Velocity-modulated electrondischarge device
US2863092A (en) Magnetron oscillators
US2830224A (en) Mechanically and electronically tunable cavity resonator
US2074253A (en) Ultrashort wave tube
US2992356A (en) Traveling wave amplifier tube
US2462085A (en) Ultra high frequency oscillator