US2837612A - Mercury switches - Google Patents

Mercury switches Download PDF

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Publication number
US2837612A
US2837612A US489046A US48904655A US2837612A US 2837612 A US2837612 A US 2837612A US 489046 A US489046 A US 489046A US 48904655 A US48904655 A US 48904655A US 2837612 A US2837612 A US 2837612A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mercury
container
contact
armature
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US489046A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter G Gustafson
Henry C Harrison
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL203405D priority Critical patent/NL203405A/xx
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US489046A priority patent/US2837612A/en
Priority to FR1137591D priority patent/FR1137591A/fr
Priority to CH340278D priority patent/CH340278A/de
Priority to NL203405A priority patent/NL102373C/nl
Priority to DEW18246A priority patent/DE1044975B/de
Priority to GB5012/56A priority patent/GB790958A/en
Priority to BE545323A priority patent/BE545323A/fr
Priority to US696005A priority patent/US2911500A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2837612A publication Critical patent/US2837612A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M19/00—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems
    • H04M19/02—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems providing ringing current or supervisory tones, e.g. dialling tone or busy tone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H01H1/08—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved wetted with mercury
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H29/00—Switches having at least one liquid contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/28—Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed
    • H01H51/287—Details of the shape of the contact springs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • Mercury switches comprise, in general, a pair of contacts and a body of mercury, one or both of the contacts or the mercury being movable to establish a conductive path through these three elements or, conversely, to open such path.
  • the switches were mounted or operated in a particular position.
  • relatively large power expenditure has been required to effect operation.
  • chatter upon making or breaking has been a problem.
  • the pulse voltage developed upon breaking of the circuit has been unduly large.
  • One general object of this invention is to improve circuit controlling devices of the type wherein a body of, mercury is utilized as a portion of the conductive path to be closed or broken.
  • objects of this invention include to enable mounting of mercury switches for operation in any position, to increase the sensitivity of and reduce the power requisite for operation of such switches, to minimize chatter and to reduce the voltages developed in circuits including an inductive load, upon opening of the circuit.
  • Additional objects of this invention are to facilitate the fabrication of such switches, to simplify the structure thereof and to reduce the size of circuit controlling devices capable of performing multiple functions, for example, make and break of plural circuits or transfer.
  • a circuit controlling device comprises a pair of terminals, a body of mercury coupled to one of the terminals and an armature connected to the other terminal and actuable to engage with or disengage from the mercury body.
  • the mercury body is confined or localized within a container having therein an aperture through which a contact attached to the armature may pass, the container being constructed and arranged so that irrespective of the position of the device the mercury remains in operative relation with respect to the contact.
  • the inner wall of the housing includes a portion opposite the contact, which is wet readily by mercury, and the remaining portions are of a material which does not wet readily.
  • the mercury adheres to the readily wettable portion and is not displaceable easily by jarring or even inversion of the container.
  • the aforementioned wettable portion has thereadjacent 2,837,612 Patented June 3, 1958 an annular member adapted to accommodate the contact and defining a restricted passageway within the container.
  • the contact upon actuation to engage the mercury, forces some of the latter through the passageway, whereby a resistive damping of the armature-contact motion is realized.
  • vibrational energy dissipative elements are provided for engaging the armature when it operates to disengage the contact from the mercury.
  • the armature and container are mounted respectively by a pair of substantially parallel magnetic members, the armature being positioned between the two members and having one end fixed to one member and its other end free.
  • Actuation of the armature is effected, for example by a signal coil encompassing both the members, by magnetization of the members such that one attracts and the other repels the armature, whereby high sensitivity is realized.
  • the contact and container are correlated to provide a small and constant gap therebetween during actuation of the contact, whereby the voltage induced with an inductive load in the circuit being controlled is minimized.
  • the contact comprises a portion readily wet by mercury, extending from a body which is not readily wet, the extending portion being at the end toward the body of mercury.
  • the invention may be embodied in switches for performing a variety of different functions, such as to make r break circuits, to control a plurality of circuits concomitantly or to effect transfer between circuits.
  • one or more magnets may be associated with the armature actuating system to provide polarized operation, or the armature may be operated by electrostatic means.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal view of a mercury switch with the envelope broken away to illustrate one embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of the switch in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is anexploded perspective view showing the assembly of a container for the body of mercury
  • Fig. 4 is a cross sectioned view of the mercury container when the switch is in a fully open position
  • Fig. 5 is a cross sectioned view of the mercury container when the switch is fully closed
  • Figs. 6 and 7 comprise longitudinal views of two modifications of the device with the envelopes thereof broken away;
  • Fig. 8 is a longitudinal view of another modification of the device with the armature in a normally closed position
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a transfer switch embodying the features of the invention.
  • Fig. is an enlarged side view of the tubular electrode shown in Fig. 9, illustrating the means used to support the armature.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawings there is shown a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the elements of the mercury switch are enclosed in an envelope 11 made of vitreous material such as glass.
  • the envelope may be filled with an inert gas such as hydrogen, although this is not essential for operation of the switch.
  • Inserted in the envelope 11 are two electrodes 12 and 13 which comprise the contact terminals. These electrodes may be formed of any suitable material of high electrical conductivity, but inasmuch as the switch is operated by an external magnetic force it is important that the electrodes be made of magnetic material.
  • the electrode 12 is tubular in shape, thereby facilitating fabrication since both the mercury and the inert gas may be inserted into "the envelope through this tube.
  • a supporting member 14 Attached to the bottom of the electrode 12 is a supporting member 14 which is used to hold the armature 15 in place. These elements may be spot welded together,
  • the armature should not extend beyond the end of the electrode. It is preferred to make the armature from a thin Permalloy reed so that a maximum sensitivity may be attained.
  • the armature is biased upward so that in its normal position it rests against the damping spring 16 in such a manner that during contact breaks the deleterious effects of chatter are reduced to a minimum.
  • the damping spring 16 is made of a highly resilient material and is spot welded to the electrode 12. so that the vibration of the armature 15 is reduced as much as possible.
  • the pin 17 is formed of a material not wettable by mercury and has a currentcarrying shaft 18 along its axis that is mercury wettable and slightly longer than the contact pin 17, so that it protrudes from the bottom of the pin.
  • the mercury-wettable shaft 18 retains a thin film of mercury thereon which provides a mercury to mercury contact when the armature 15 is energized, whereby a quick and low resistance closure is attained.
  • the contact pin 17 By making the contact pin 17 non-wettable, upon closure, the natural resistance of the contact pin to immersion in mercury prevents the shaft 18 from striking the bottom of the mercury container 19, thus avoiding all solid contact and greatly increasing the life of the switch. Furthermore, when the contact pin disengages there is very'little surface tension tending to hold it immersed in the mercury, and consequently the sensitivity is greatly increased.
  • a convenient method of fabricating the contact pin 17 is to cut it from a chromium plated tungsten Wire.
  • the chromium plating should be sufiiciently thick to provide a large cross sectional area ratio between the contact pin 17 and the shaft 18, so that the above advantages may be fully realized.
  • the chromium is etched until the tungsten protrudes from the lower end of the contact pin. Since tungsten wets readily with mercury while chromium does not, the advantages of a mercury to mercury contact are retained without affecting the sensitivity.
  • FIG. 3 The assembly of a mercury container 19 is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • a centrally apertured circular plate 211 is inserted in the base 21 so that there is a slight clearance between the plate and the base.
  • a portion of the plate 24 is cut and bent over to form an annular member 22, which stabilizes the mercury surface at the center of the container where the apertures are aligned and provides armature damping as will subsequently be described.
  • a cover 23 fits inside the base 21 and has an aperture in the top which permits the contact pin 17 to enter the container 19 and make contact with the mercury.
  • the apertures in the cover 23, the plate 29 and the annular member 22 are in substantial alignment. The tolerances between the cover aperture, the annular member 22 and the contact pin may be quite liberal but should be small enough to prevent any excess mercury from escaping from the container.
  • the elements of the mercury container 19 are made of a material that will not amalgamate with mercury and are plated on one side with platinum or other mercury wettable substance. It is of no particular concern-whether the container material is magnetic or non-magnetic. However, in embodying the invention in specific switch designs there may be advantages gained in using one material or the other.
  • the location of these wettable surfaces is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 and is of prime importance.
  • the interior of the base 21, the exterior of the cover 23, the upper surface of the plate 2.0 and the lower surface of the annular member 22 are all mercury wettable, so that the mercury within the container will adhere to these surfaces.
  • the annular member 22 provides a small gap through which a portion of the mercury must go when hit by the contact pin 17.
  • the mercury pool 25 acts as a reservoir for the mercury surface 24, and because of the particular configuration of the container 15 it is very difiicult to shake the mercury out, either by jarring or even by inversion of the switch. Consequently, the switch may be mounted for operation in any position. During long continuous operation, a certain amount of the mercury may vaporize inside the envelope 11.
  • the vaporized mercury By plating the upper surface of the cover 23 with a mercury wettable material, the vaporized mercury will condense on this surface, and capillary forces will cause it to return to the interior of the container 19 through the passageway between the exterior of the cover 23 and the interior of the base 21.
  • the mercury containerl9 is supported by a thin non-magnetic plate 26 which is attached to the electrode 13.
  • the other end of the plate supports a magnetic wire 27, so that a non-magnetic gap is provided between the wire and the electrode.
  • the gap is partly filled by the mercury container 19, thereby completing the magnetic circuit.
  • a small amount of mercury is forced from underneath the annular member 22, thus providing a resistive force that will eliminate chatter on contact makes, as previously described.
  • the pin 17 and the mercury container 19 are correlated to provide a small and constant gap therebetween, thereby minimizing the peak voltage induced in the circuit. Because of the wetting characteristics of the annular member 22, the natural resistance of the mercury will prevent the pin 17 from striking the container base 21, except when a large magnetic force is applied. This mechanical contact may be prevented entirely by reducing the cross sectional area ,of the magnetic components until they become magnetically saturated, after which time the amount of external magnetic force applied will have little effect on the distance traveled by the contact pin 17.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the invention where in a different means for damping the armature 15 has been provided.
  • the various parts of the structure are substantially similar to those previously described with the exception of a flat spring 28, which has been substituted for the damping spring 16 shown in Fig. l.
  • the fiat spring is atached to an electrode 29, which is similar to the electrode 12 (Fig. 1) except that it does not extend as far into the envelope 11.
  • the armature 15 In its normal position the armature 15 is in contact with the fiat spring 28, and since the spring 28 is made of a magnetic material the sensitivity of the switch is improved.
  • the armature 15 returns to normal after the magnetizing current is removed, any vibrations are communicated to the flat spring 28, so that they are effectively damped.
  • This type of spring is particularly useful in circuits requiring extremely high sensitivity and freedom from chatter.
  • FIG. 7 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the basic structure is retained except for the means used for damping the vibrations ofthe armature 15.
  • Attached to the wire electrode 30 is a supporting member 31 to which the armature 15 is fastened.
  • a fine wire coil 32 is wrapped around the electrode 30 and is secured thereto at each end by means of a spot weld or other known method of attachment. As the armature 15 returns to normal, it strikes the coil 32 so that the vibrational energy is dissipated and damping is attained.
  • the electrode 33 is made tubular in shape to facilitate assembly.
  • a normally closed mercury switch embodying the features of the invention.
  • the upper electrode 34 comprises a wire of conductive material with a non-magnetic gap located directly above the contact pin 17.
  • the two portions of the electrode 34 are connected by a non-magnetic plate 36, which has a certain amount of flexibility so that the vibrations of the armature 37 may be reduced when the switch is opened.
  • the armature is attached to the bottom of the electrode 34 by means of the supporting member 38 and is biased in a downward position so that the contact pin 17 attached to its free end is in engagement with the mercury in the container 19.
  • the contact pin and the container are illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 and conform to the previous description.
  • the mercury container is supported by a magnetic plate 39 which is attached to the end of the tubular electrode 35, thus maintaining continuity in the magnetic circuit.
  • a mercury switch embodying the features of the invention designed to effect transfer between circuits.
  • Three electrodes 40, 41 and 42 are enclosed within the envelope 43, which is filled with an inert gas.
  • One of the electrodes may be made tubular in shape so that the inert gas and the mercury can easily be inserted into the envelope.
  • a wire support 44 is at tached lengthwise along the electrode 41 and has two right angle projections 45 and 46, one of which is encompassed by a roller 47 which is free to rotate thereon. Attached to the lower portions of the roller 47 and the projection 45 is a fiat spring 48, which is held in place by spot welding or other suitable means.
  • An armature 49 is fastened to the roller 47 and pivots about the projection 46.
  • a mercury container 52 is supported by a magnetic plate 54, which should not extend beyond the tip of the armature 49 in order to insure maximum sensitivity and operating efficiency. Otherwise, there would be small attractive forces built up between the left end of the plate 54 and the armature 49 which would tend to hamper proper operation of the switch.
  • a mercury container 53 is supported by a non-magnetic plate 55, which is secured to the electrode 40 in such a manner that the outer segment 40' of the electrode is supported thereby.
  • the mercury containers 52 and 53 are positioned so that they may be engaged by the contact pins 50 and 51, respectively, and are of a construction identical with that hereinbefore described.
  • the various components of the above-described transfer switch are held together by spot welding or other suitable means of attachment.
  • the armature 49 In its normal position (as shown) the armature 49 is positioned on the roller 47 so that the contact pin 50 is in engagement with the mercury in the container 52, thus forming a continuous current carrying path from the electrode 41 to the electrode 42.
  • an external magnetizing current is applied to a coil encompassing the electrode 43 (see Fig. 1), there is a repulsive force between the armature 49 and the magnetic plate 54.
  • the circuit is transferred from the electrode 42 to the electrode 40, forming a continuous current carrying path from the electrode 41 to the electrode 40.
  • the opposite (right) end of the armature 49 strikes the flat spring 48 so that any armature vibrations are minimized.
  • a mercury switch a container having an aperture therein, an annular member positioned in said container, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said aperture and with said annular member, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a mercury switch a container, a body of mercury in said container, a contact positioned in proximity to said container, said contact having a body portion of material for which mercury has low afiinity and having also, at the end thereof nearest saidcontainer, a restricted portion for which mercury has high aihnity, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a container having an aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high afiinity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low afiinity, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line With said aperture, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a mercury switch In a mercury switch, a container having an aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high afiinity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low affinity, an annular member positioned in said container, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said aperture and with said annular member, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a container having an aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high afi'inity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low afiinity, an annular member positioned in said container, the surface of said annular member adjacent to the base of said container being of a material for which mercury has high afiinity, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said aperture and with said annular member, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a switch comprising a container having a cupshaped portion and a cover portion, said cover portion having an aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high afi'inity and the remaining inner walls of said con- -tainer being of a material for which mercury has low affinity, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said aperture, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a switch comprising a container having a cup-shaped portion and a cover portion, said cover portion having an'aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high affinity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low afiinity, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said aperture and having a body portion of material for which mercury has low afiinity and having also at the end thereofnearest said container a restricted portion for which mercury has high affinity, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a switch comprising a container having a cupshaped portion and a cover portion, said cover portion having an aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high aifinity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low afiinity, an annular member positioned in said container, the surface of said annular member adjacent to said inner base wall being of a material for which mercury has high afiinity, a body of mercury in said container, at contact in line with said aperture and with said annular member, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a container having a cupshaped portion and a cover portion, said cover portion having an aperture therein, the inner base wall of said container being of a material for which mercury has high affinity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low afiinity, an annular member overlying said inner base wall and spaced therefrom to define a restricted aperture therewith, the surface of said annular member adjacent to said inner base wall being of material for which mercury has high aliinity, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said cover portion aperture and with said annular member and having a body portion of material for which mercury has lowv affinity and having also, at the end thereof nearest said container, a restricted portion for which mercury has high afiinity, and means for moving said contact into and out of engagement with said mercury.
  • a switch envelope a container enclosed in said envelope and having a cup-shaped portion and a cover portion, said cover portion having an aperture therein, the inner base wall'of said container and the exterior of said cover portion being of a material for which mercury has high affinity and the remaining inner walls of said container being of a material for which mercury has low aflinity, an annular member overlying said inner base wall and spaced therefrom to define a restricted aperture therewith, the surface of said annular member adjacent to said inner base wall being of a material for which mercury has high afiinity, a body of mercury in said container, a contact in line with said cover portion aperture and said annular member and having a body portion of material for which mercury has low afiinity and having also, at the end thereof nearest said container, a restricted portion for which mercury has high. afiinity, a contact arm supporting said contact, a first electrode connected to said contact arm, a second electrode connected to said container, and means for moving said contact arm whereby said

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
US489046A 1955-02-18 1955-02-18 Mercury switches Expired - Lifetime US2837612A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL203405D NL203405A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1955-02-18
US489046A US2837612A (en) 1955-02-18 1955-02-18 Mercury switches
FR1137591D FR1137591A (fr) 1955-02-18 1955-10-05 Interrupteur à mercure perfectionné
CH340278D CH340278A (de) 1955-02-18 1955-12-31 Elektrisches Relais
NL203405A NL102373C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1955-02-18 1956-01-05
DEW18246A DE1044975B (de) 1955-02-18 1956-01-17 Quecksilberschalter fuer elektrische Leitungen
GB5012/56A GB790958A (en) 1955-02-18 1956-02-17 Improvements in or relating to electric switches of the mercury type
BE545323A BE545323A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1955-02-18 1956-02-17
US696005A US2911500A (en) 1955-02-18 1957-10-16 Mercury switches

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US489046A US2837612A (en) 1955-02-18 1955-02-18 Mercury switches

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2837612A true US2837612A (en) 1958-06-03

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ID=23942191

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US489046A Expired - Lifetime US2837612A (en) 1955-02-18 1955-02-18 Mercury switches

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US (1) US2837612A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
BE (1) BE545323A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
CH (1) CH340278A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
DE (1) DE1044975B (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
FR (1) FR1137591A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
GB (1) GB790958A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
NL (2) NL102373C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3033965A (en) * 1962-05-08 Chatter-free sealed-in contacts
US4804932A (en) * 1986-08-22 1989-02-14 Nec Corporation Mercury wetted contact switch

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2166594B (en) * 1984-11-07 1988-06-08 Stc Plc High sensitivity miniature electro-magnetic relay

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE247686C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) *
US1240306A (en) * 1915-10-23 1917-09-18 United Telegraph & Cable Company Telegraphy.
US1289637A (en) * 1915-03-29 1918-12-31 William M Bruce Jr Telegraph apparatus.
US2136874A (en) * 1937-07-08 1938-11-15 Bartsch Walter Multiple mercury contact device
US2242636A (en) * 1936-10-30 1941-05-20 Edison Inc Thomas A Electric switch
US2257900A (en) * 1937-12-01 1941-10-07 Honeywell Regulator Co Tube switch
US2288811A (en) * 1941-05-13 1942-07-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Switching device
GB576861A (en) * 1944-05-15 1946-04-24 Electro Methods Ltd Improvements in or relating to electro-magnetic relays
US2445406A (en) * 1944-07-21 1948-07-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Circuit maker and breaker
US2524340A (en) * 1945-07-13 1950-10-03 Jessie R Bolin Mercury switch for control compasses

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE475679A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) * 1940-07-11
US2483723A (en) * 1945-04-03 1949-10-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electromagnetic circuit maker and breaker

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE247686C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) *
US1289637A (en) * 1915-03-29 1918-12-31 William M Bruce Jr Telegraph apparatus.
US1240306A (en) * 1915-10-23 1917-09-18 United Telegraph & Cable Company Telegraphy.
US2242636A (en) * 1936-10-30 1941-05-20 Edison Inc Thomas A Electric switch
US2136874A (en) * 1937-07-08 1938-11-15 Bartsch Walter Multiple mercury contact device
US2257900A (en) * 1937-12-01 1941-10-07 Honeywell Regulator Co Tube switch
US2288811A (en) * 1941-05-13 1942-07-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Switching device
GB576861A (en) * 1944-05-15 1946-04-24 Electro Methods Ltd Improvements in or relating to electro-magnetic relays
US2445406A (en) * 1944-07-21 1948-07-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Circuit maker and breaker
US2524340A (en) * 1945-07-13 1950-10-03 Jessie R Bolin Mercury switch for control compasses

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3033965A (en) * 1962-05-08 Chatter-free sealed-in contacts
US4804932A (en) * 1986-08-22 1989-02-14 Nec Corporation Mercury wetted contact switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH340278A (de) 1959-08-15
NL102373C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1962-09-17
DE1044975B (de) 1958-11-27
GB790958A (en) 1958-02-19
NL203405A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1900-01-01
FR1137591A (fr) 1957-05-31
BE545323A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1956-03-15

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