US2828397A - Induction heating apparatus - Google Patents
Induction heating apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2828397A US2828397A US465163A US46516354A US2828397A US 2828397 A US2828397 A US 2828397A US 465163 A US465163 A US 465163A US 46516354 A US46516354 A US 46516354A US 2828397 A US2828397 A US 2828397A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- core
- inductor
- coil
- workpiece
- relative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
- H05B6/365—Coil arrangements using supplementary conductive or ferromagnetic pieces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- This invention relates to apparatus for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces and, more particularly, to an inductor member for such heat treatment.
- an iron core inductor member for the heat treatment of selective services of workpieces.
- Such selective services may, in particular, be valve seats in automobile engine blocks, but may be other suitable types of workpieces.
- the inductor member comprises a single or multiple turn inductor coil which is placed in an annular channel recess in a cooperative core member made of magnetically permeable material such as powdered iron.
- the annular recess is so constructed that the core may be moved relative to the inductor coil such that the inductor coil can be fixedly positioned relative to the workpiece surface, and the core only need be raised to allow the movement of the workpiece surface in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the coil and relative to the inductor coil. This facilitates the work handling in that no cumbersome electrical connections are required since the coilneed not be moved away from the work surface to clear the work surface for movement from said heat treatment position.
- Figure 1 is an illustrative side view of apparatus in accordance with the present invention showing suitable inductor members for heat treating four valve seats in an automobile engine block or like workpiece;
- Fig. 2 is a top view of a single turn inductor member in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a side section view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2; l Fig/41s a top view of an inductor member including a multiple turn inductor and core; 7
- Fig. is a side section view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 4;
- Figs. 6 and 7 show a modified multiple turn inductor and core
- Fig. 8 shows a still diiferent inductor member and core.
- a common power supply 10 connected to supply suitable frequency energy to a plurality of work stations 12, 14, 16, and 18.
- an inductor member including a core 26 and an inductor coil 22.
- the inductor coil 22 can be seen only in work stations 12 and 14 in that the core 2 3 at the work stations 12 and 14 has been raised to clear the valve seats to be heat treated in the engine block workpiece 24.
- the cores 20 are in position for the heat treatment of valve seats in the engine block workpiece 24.
- the workpieces are supported by means of a movable work support member 26, which may be in the form of an endless conveyor-like workpiece moving apparatus.
- FIG. 3 there is shown a side section view of an inductor member suitable for use at any of the work stations 12, 14, 16, or 18 in Fig. 1.
- the inductor coil 22, shown in Fig. 3, comprises a single turn inductor member and is composed of a single turn of preferably round copper tubing, said turn having a diameter such as to set directly over the valve seat 28 in the engine block workpiece 2d.
- the energy supply leads for the inductor coil 22 are arranged substantially parallel relative to the axis of the inductor coil 22.
- the supply leads 30 and 32 for the inductor coil 22 are provided with'a minimum spacing therebetween in an eifort to produce the non-uniform heating efiect of the valve seat 28 at a position corresponding to the position where the leads 30 and 32 are connected to the inductor coil 22.
- the powdered iron core 29 is formed to substantially surround the inductor coil 22 on three sides of the individual turn, and is open at the fourth side, said opening being provided to allow the core 20 to be moved relative to the inductor coil 22 in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the inductor coil 22. Since the core 20 surrounds the inductor coil 22 on substantially three sides thereof, it is open at the valve seat. This arrangement allows for a rather low reluctance path around the coil 22 with a resultant increase in efficiency of heating over an air cored coil. Because the coil 22 is pulled back into the core 2t) somewhat, the flux has a iittle area in the core 20 where it may even out before cutting the valve seat.
- a support 34 is provided for the core 29, which support 34 is operative to move the core 29 relative to the inductor coil 22.
- FIG. 2 there is shown a top view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, with the position of the inductor coil 22 relative to the core 20 more clearly illustrated, and the position of the core support 34 shown such that the core may be moved without disturbing the inductor coil 22.
- Fig. 5 there is shown a side section view of a multiple turn inductor coil 36 and a surrounding core 20, with the surrounding core being provided with an annular channel or recess 38, wherein the turns of the inductor coil 36 may be positioned.
- the latter core 26 may preferably be formed with an interior removable portion so which may be removed to facilitate the positioning of the inductor coil 36.
- the removable core portion 4-0 is formed such that the core 20, including the interior portion 49, may be moved relative to the inductor coil 36 by means of a core support member 34.
- FIG. 4 is shown a top view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 5, and more clearly illustrates the relative positions of the core 21) and the multiple turn coil 36 with the energy supply leads 42 and 44 shown.
- the core support member 34 is displaced a short distance from the axis of the core member 20 in that the supply leads %4 for the multiple turn inductor coil 36 are positioned substantially at the axis of the coil 36.
- Figs. 6 and 7 show a modified multiple turn inductor and core, with the core i being movable relative to the coil 52.
- the core 58 has an axial slot or opening 54 corresponding to the central axial energy supply lead 55, which opening 54 allows the core 59 to be moved axially relative to the coil 52.
- Fig. 8 shows a still difierent coil and core arrangement, with the core 53 not being movable relative to the coil 60.
- the workpiece 24 is moved into position with the work surfaces to be heat treated corresponding in position to the respective work stations 12, 14, 16 and 18.
- the cores 20 are then lowered relative to the inductor coils 22 either sequentially, altogether or singly as may be desired, and the energy from the power supply source is applied to the work surface to be heat treated when the cores 29 are in position relative to the inductor coils 22, as best shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, depending upon the type of inductor coil which is employed.
- the multiple turn coil 36 can be considered to be the operative equivalent of the single turn coil 22, and hereafter the single turn coil 22 will be specifically described.
- the multiple turn coil 36 may, in some applications, be preferable for use with lower frequency energy.
- the cores are raised relative to the inductor coils 22 such that the workpiece. 24 may be moved in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the coils 22 and the movement of the cores 2%
- the power supply 10 may be continuously applied, and the energization of the work surface determined by the position of the core 20, or the power supply may cyclically energize the inductor coils 22, by means of suitable switching apparatus (not shown), as may be desired.
- the inductor member shown in Fig. 3 may be more suitable for use with radio frequency energy, in that less current is required and the non-uniform heating effect of it at the position where the supply leads 30 and 32 are connected in the inductor coil 20, is less important; Suitable insulation material of which many types are known in the art can be provided between the supply leads 3d and 32. No special insulation is necessary between the inductor member 22 and the core 20, in that the core 20 is preferably made of powdered iron or like material which does not require an insulator at the low voltages employed.
- the position of the inductor member within the annular channel or recess of the coil 2t) is effective to even out the flux pattern provided by the inductor coil 22 to further minimize the effect of the supply leads 39 and 32 at the position where they are connected to the inductor coil 22.
- the multiple turn inductor member may be preferable for use with lower frequency energy',fsuch as audio frequency'energy which requires higher currents, and, accordingly, the supply leads 42 and 44 are arranged with overlap leads to further minimize the non-uniform heating effect of their respective connections to the inductor coil 36.
- one of the supply leads 44 is positioned axially relative to the inductor member 36, and the other lead 42 is substantially parallel to the first lead 44, but is connected to the coil at a maximum distance from the first lead 44.
- the annular recess 33 provided in the core 20 has a depth such that the coil 36 is positioned within the core with a portion of the annular recess not filled by the coil 36 to provide a short flux path distance within the core for any slight irregularities of the flux pattern to be evened out and minimized before the flux enters the valve seat surface 28 to be heat treated.
- the inductor members shown in Figs. 3 and 5 have the unique advantage that with workpieces 24, which are particularly bulky and cumbersome, need not be raised relative to the inductor coils 22, nor, on the other hand, the inductor coils 22 need not be moved relative to the workpieces 24 which, in turn, would introduce cumbersome electrical problems.
- the core 20 has a comparatively small mass compared to the work member 24, and the core 20 is the only member which need tobe moved to allow replacing a given workpiece 24 with a succeeding workpiece.
- Figs. 6 and 7 is operative similar to the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in that the core 50 can be moved relative to the coil 52 to allow any desired movement of the workpiece perpendicular to the axis of the coil 52;
- the apparatus of Fig. 8 is operative such that the coil 60 and core 58 are moved as a single unit to allow any desired movement of the workpiece perpendicular to the axis of the coil 60.
- the inductormembers of the present invention may be used for the hardening or heat treatment of workpieces which may require a quench operation after the work surface has been heated.
- the quench medium for this purpose maybe applied from within the inductor member 22 by providing quench fluid openings in the inductor coil adjacent to the heated surface of the workpiece, as well known in the art.
- the quench medium can be passed through the core support member 34 and the quench medium applied to the heated surface of the workpiece before the core 20 is lifted, after the core is lifted or during the movement of the core.
- the core, with or without the coil may be rotated or moved during the heat treatment relative to the heat treated work surface to furtherminmize any non-uniform unheating effects thereof.
- the core of particularly the multiple turn coil for use with lower frequency energy need not be moved relative to the coil, but instead, the coil and core together can be moved relative to the workpiece or the workpiece moved relative to the coil and core.
- a magnetically permeable core and an inductor having an axis, said core having an end portion positioned adjacent to said surface of the workpiece, said end portion having an annular channeled section for containing said inductor therein, a support member for said workpiece having a planar surface, with said workpiece being movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to said axis and along said planar surface, said core member being movable along said axis relative to said inductor and said surface of the workpiece.
- a magnetically permeable core for heat treating a surface of a metallic workpiece
- an inductor having an axis
- said core having an end portion positioned adjacent to said surface of the workpiece to be heat treated, said end portion being provided with an annular recessed channel section, with the inductor being positioned entirely within said channel section
- a support member for said workpiece having a planar surface, with said workpieces being movable upon said planar surface
- support means for said core for moving said core member along said axis relative to said coil and said workpiece.
- a magnetically permeable core member having a generally annular recessed channel in one face thereof and passages through the core member leading from said channel, said passages being substantially parallel to the central axis of said channel, a generally annular inductor positioned within said recessed channel, and electrical leads extending from said inductor through said passages whereby the core may slide on the leads from a position wherein the inductor is located within said channel to a position wherein the inductor is outside of said channel.
- a magnetically permeable core member having a recessed channel in one face thereof and passages through the core member leading from said channel, an inductor positioned within said recessed channel, and electrical leads extending from said inductor through said passages whereby the core may slide on the leads from a position wherein the inductor is positioned within said channel to a position wherein the inductor is outside of said channel.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US465163A US2828397A (en) | 1954-10-28 | 1954-10-28 | Induction heating apparatus |
DEW16918A DE1003370B (de) | 1954-10-28 | 1955-06-21 | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum fortlaufenden induktiven Erwaermen von gleichartigen metallischen Werkstuecken |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US1003370XA | 1954-10-28 | 1954-10-28 | |
US465163A US2828397A (en) | 1954-10-28 | 1954-10-28 | Induction heating apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2828397A true US2828397A (en) | 1958-03-25 |
Family
ID=27616079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US465163A Expired - Lifetime US2828397A (en) | 1954-10-28 | 1954-10-28 | Induction heating apparatus |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2828397A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1003370B (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3109909A (en) * | 1960-01-27 | 1963-11-05 | Ohio Crankshaft Co | Adjustable inductor for induction heating |
US3119917A (en) * | 1961-01-04 | 1964-01-28 | United States Steel Corp | Induction heating device |
US3686459A (en) * | 1971-10-20 | 1972-08-22 | Park Ohio Industries Inc | Multiple inductor unit for induction heat device |
DE2157060A1 (de) * | 1971-06-09 | 1972-12-14 | Park Ohio Industries Inc | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum induktiven Erwärmen von Ventilsitzen u. dgl |
US3737611A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1973-06-05 | Park Ohio Industries Inc | Method and circuit for interconnecting a plurality of inductors at the output transformer secondary |
US4535212A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1985-08-13 | Tocco, Inc. | Apparatus and method of hardening valve seats |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2182341A (en) * | 1937-09-07 | 1939-12-05 | Telefunken Gmbh | Radio tube manufacture |
US2238082A (en) * | 1937-01-07 | 1941-04-15 | Howard E Somes | Cylinder treating machine |
US2543551A (en) * | 1948-06-10 | 1951-02-27 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Variable inductance core structure |
US2599086A (en) * | 1948-04-20 | 1952-06-03 | Asea Ab | Induction heating |
US2655589A (en) * | 1950-06-03 | 1953-10-13 | Ohio Crankshaft Co | High-frequency inductor |
US2717364A (en) * | 1951-02-05 | 1955-09-06 | Collins Radio Co | Temperature compensation of permeability tuned circuits |
-
1954
- 1954-10-28 US US465163A patent/US2828397A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1955
- 1955-06-21 DE DEW16918A patent/DE1003370B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2238082A (en) * | 1937-01-07 | 1941-04-15 | Howard E Somes | Cylinder treating machine |
US2182341A (en) * | 1937-09-07 | 1939-12-05 | Telefunken Gmbh | Radio tube manufacture |
US2599086A (en) * | 1948-04-20 | 1952-06-03 | Asea Ab | Induction heating |
US2543551A (en) * | 1948-06-10 | 1951-02-27 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Variable inductance core structure |
US2655589A (en) * | 1950-06-03 | 1953-10-13 | Ohio Crankshaft Co | High-frequency inductor |
US2717364A (en) * | 1951-02-05 | 1955-09-06 | Collins Radio Co | Temperature compensation of permeability tuned circuits |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3109909A (en) * | 1960-01-27 | 1963-11-05 | Ohio Crankshaft Co | Adjustable inductor for induction heating |
US3119917A (en) * | 1961-01-04 | 1964-01-28 | United States Steel Corp | Induction heating device |
DE2157060A1 (de) * | 1971-06-09 | 1972-12-14 | Park Ohio Industries Inc | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum induktiven Erwärmen von Ventilsitzen u. dgl |
US3686459A (en) * | 1971-10-20 | 1972-08-22 | Park Ohio Industries Inc | Multiple inductor unit for induction heat device |
US3737611A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1973-06-05 | Park Ohio Industries Inc | Method and circuit for interconnecting a plurality of inductors at the output transformer secondary |
US4535212A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1985-08-13 | Tocco, Inc. | Apparatus and method of hardening valve seats |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1003370B (de) | 1957-02-28 |
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