US2827279A

US2827279A - Tuyeres provided with coolant passages

Info

Publication number: US2827279A
Application number: US535345A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cox Isaac Eugene
Original assignee: American Brake Shoe Co
Current assignee: American Brake Shoe Co
Priority date: 1955-09-20
Filing date: 1955-09-20
Publication date: 1958-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 1975-03-18

Description

March 1s, 195s l. E. COX 2,827,279

TUYERES PROVIDED WITH COOLANT PASSAGES Original Filed Sept. 17, 1954 Invenzor Isaa cfucgene C9( f@ .ff/dw w/ @MW United States arent TUYERES PRovrDso wma cooLANr rassaons Isaac Eugene Cox, Kirkwood, Mo., assigner to American Brake Shoe Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Continuation of application Serial No. 456,659, September 17, 1954. This application September 2li, i955, Serial No. 535,345

3 Claims. (Cl. 266-4l) This invention relates to tuyeres vand methods for making the same.

ln the production of steel, as for example in Bessemer and other types of furnaces, the transmission of the required blast of air or other gaseous mediathrough the walls of the furnace requires the provision of elongated nozzle-like tuyeres that are cooled continuously by a constantly replenished liovv of liquid coolant such as water. Such tuyeres have presented many problems insofar as manufacture may be concerned and also as to efficiency of operation and liexi'oility in design and construction. It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to enable tuyeres of the aforesaid character to be manufactured readily and easily and with a high degree of uniformity so as to thereby insure proper and satisfactory operation thereof, and related objects are to enable tuyeres to be produced from a plurality of relatively simple and inexpensive parts, to simplify the form and relationship of the parts of tuyeres of the aforesaid character, and to simplify the assembly of the parts.

Other and important objects of the present invention are to Iafford a tuyere that has a minimum thermal capacity with the resulting reduction in the weight and cost thereof, to afford a tuyere arrangement in which turbulence of coolant flowing at relatively high velocity is assured so as to break up any tendency for the coolant to vaporize during its passage through the tuyere, and to afford a tuyere that has a large return or discharge area for the coolant as such coolant flows at high velocity along its return path from the inner or hot end of the tuyere.

Other and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings which, by way of illustration, show `a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the principle thereof and what l now consider to be the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle. Other embodiments of the invention embodying the same or equivalent principle may be used and structural changes maybe made as desired by those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention `and the purview of the appended claims.

ln the drawings:

Fig. l is a side elevational view of a tuyere and embodying the features of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tuyere at a somewhat enlarged scale;

3 is a transverse cross sectional view of the inlet manifolds taken substantially along the line 3 3 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the tuyere adjacent the inner or hot end thereof, the view being falten substantially along the line 4.--4 of Fig. 2.

For purposes of disclosure, the invention is herein illustrated `as embodied in 4an elongated tuyere 2l) that has an outer or cool end 20C and an inner or hot end ZilH, and adjacent the outer or cool cud 26C, the tuyere 2G has an enlarged manifold structure 21 with which inlet and

outlet supply pipes

22 and 23 may be associated to provide for flow of coolant at high velocity such as water through the body of the tuyere 20 as will be described.

The tuyere 2d is generally cylindrical in cross section and affords a large yarea central passage P through its entire length so that the blast of air or other gas may be fed therethrough from the cool end 20C for discharge longitudinally from the hot end 26H of the tuyere. Un: der and in accordance with the present invention, the typere 2d is formed Vfrom a plurality of individual structural elements, each of which may be made by conven-y tional metal forming processes to relatively close limits of tolerance so that in subsequent assembly operations, these individual elements or parts of the tuyere may be readily and easily fixed together in a predetermined relationship such that inlet and return coolant passages are afforded within the tuyere from the manifold structure 21 to the forward or hot end 26H of the tuyere land then back to the manifold structure 2l.

in affording such a convenient, efficient and economical tuyere structure, especially for high velocity coolant use is made of extruded and cast parts which may be thereafter assembled in a convenient sequence and secured together as lby metal fusion or welding to provide a rigid and accurately assembled tuyere. Thus, an inner tuyere tube 25 is afforded of a material such as copper shaped by extrusion, and this inner tube 25 is of substantially the length that is desired in the completed tuyere 2u. The primary outer member of the tuyere 20 is afforded by an outer or shroud tube 26 that is also formed in the present instance as an extrusion ,from a metal such as copper, and this shroud tube 26 is of a length somewhat less than the inner tuyere tube 25, this difference in length being Vsufficient to provide for mounting of the manifold structure 21 adjacent the outer o r cold end 29C of the tuyere tube 25, as will be evident in,

Fig. 2 of `the drawings. At their inner or hot ends, the

tubes

25 and 26 are connected by an annular nose cap 27 that may be formed advantageously as a casting made from copper, and these elements are secured together in the manner and sequence that will be hereinafter described. Y

The manifold structure 21 is afforded by a plurality of case members that are individually formed and machined as required, and thereafter assembled on and with respect to the

tubes

25 and 25. Thus the manifold is afforded in part ny a circular tube-plate 2S and an inlet manifold casting 29 and an outlet lmanifold casting 30 which are associated with the other elements to afford the desired inlet and outlet manifolds. The tube plate 28 is utilized not only to afford a division wall between the inlet and outlet manifolds, but also as mounting means for what may be termed the outer ends of a plurality of inlet tubes 3l that are disposed in uniformly spaced relationship about the tuyere tube 25 so as to extend longitudinally thereof and provide for passage of coolant from the inlet manifold longitudinally at high velocity along the tuyere structure -to a location adjacent to the inner surfaces of the nose cap 27, such coolant then returning to the discharge manifold through the annular return passage 32 that is aorded in the space between the

tubes

25 and 26 as will be evident in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

As will be evident particularly in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the inlet manifold casting 29 is generally cupshaped in form to afford an end wall 29W and an annular side wall 29S. The end wall 29W has a central opening 29B therein which is complemental to the outside surface of the inner tuyere tube 25 so that the opening 29B has a snug fit on the tube 275. The edge of the side wall 29S is formed with an internal rabbeted groove 29G as will be evident in Fig. 2 so that the groove 29G asevera plate 28 as will be described in further detail herein- V after. In this relationship, the casting 29 and the plate 1 28 cooperate with the tube 25 to deine an annular inlet or supply manifold 21S. The manifold casting 29 has a nipple 29N formed on the wall 29S through which a threaded inlet opening 29T is provided to receive pipe fittings involved in the connection of the inlet line 22 thereto.V Y Y Thel outlet manifold casting 30 is also generally 'cupshaped in form so as to provide a wall 30W and a side Wall 30S. The wall 29W has a central opening 39B that is of the same diameter as the internal diameter of the shroud tube 26 and about this opening 30B, an annular rabbeted groove 139G is afforded into which the adjacent Vend of the shroud tube 26 may extend. The

innerY edge of the side wall 30S also has a rabbeted groove 30G. which may lit over the adjacent outer annular edge of the tube plate 2S asV will be'described. VThe plate 28 'and the casting 30 thus cooperate to afford an annular return manifold 21R, and a nipple 36N with a threaded opening 30T.

The tube plate 28 is relatively heavy and has a cen tral opening 28B that is'complemental to the outer diameter ofy the tuyere tube25, thus to afford a snug fit between Vthe tube and the opening 28B. At its outer annular edge, the tube plate 28 has what amounts to a central'ange 28F that is so proportioned with respect 4 v elements 29Y and 30 and the nosecap'27` is primarily accomplished in the processof casting, but the surfaces thereof that require accurate relationship to Vother elements of the structure may be formed by the usual processes of drilling, turning and the like. After all of the parts have been formed, such parts are assembled in a predetermined sequence andare secured together byrwelding to alord the completed tuyere 29. Thus as the first step in the assembly operation, the -tube plate 28 is put in position on the tuyere tube 25 andV on vits oppositel faces is welded to the tuyere tube V25 by annular welds W-l and W-Z. After the tube plate 2S is in positiom` the several inlet tubes 31'are put in position by inserting the outer ends thereof into the openings 33 1n the Vtube plate 23 and rotatively adjusting orV positioning the individual inlet tubes 31 so that throughout' the major Y portion of their length they are located in contact with the outer surface of the tuyere tube 25.Y The tubes 31 are then welded in position by a plurality of tack welds VVV-3 at spaced points along their length, and at their outer ends, the tubes 31 may be welded to the tube plate 23 as at W-4.

to the thickness of the plate 28 and the depth of the Y grooves 29G and 30G that the ends of the wall 29S and 30S will lit against the opposite faces of the flange 28F when the faces or bottoms of the grooves 29G and 30G are engaged with the side faces of the tube plate 2S.

The tube platerZS has a plurality of openings 33 formed ini an annular series thereabout and of such a diameter that the ends of the inlet tubes `31 may be extended ings. The dimensioning is such as to afford a relatively snug fit of each tube 31 in its opening 33, and it will bernoted that these openings 33 are spaced radially outwardly from the opening 28B. The totalY area of the inlet tubes 31 is preferably such as to be somewhat less than the net effective area of the annular return passage 32,.,thus to assure optimum flow conditions for the coolant.Y Y

'Because of the outward spacing of the openings 33 as above described, the tubes 31 are formed with angular bends 31B therein and thus the portionsof the tubes that extend intothe bores 33 are parallel Ytothe axis of the tuyere tube 25, andthe angular or bent portions 31B extendA at a Vgradual angle toward the outer surfaceV of the tube 25 so that at Isubstantially the plane yin which Vthe Wall 30W is located, the tubes 31 are brought into contact -with the outer surface of the tuyere tube 25 and.

extend along in contact with such outer surface and longitudinally thereof to substantially the inner ends of the

tubes

25 and 26. Y

The nose cap 25 is also formed as a casting, as hereinbefore pointed out, and is generally in the form ofv a ring having an internal opening 27B that conforms with the internal diameter of the tuyere tube 25, the outer edge surface 27S of the nose cap 25 yconforming substantially with the external Ydiameter of the shroud tube 26. The nose plate 27 is formed with an internal annular groove 27G .which reduces the effective wall thickness of the nose cap and affords surfaces for directing the high velocity yincoming coolant liquid so as to change or reverse its direction, while at the same time assuring adequate flowing contact of such coolant with Vthe internal surfaces of the nose cap. Furthermore, the nose capris provided with

annular flanges

27F and 127F that are arranged to project into an interlocking or lpositioning contact with the adjacent lcylindrical surfaces of the outer and

inner tubes

26 and 25.

The desired form in the tube plate 2S, 'the manifold TheY inlet manifold casting 29 is then put in position and is Vwelded to the outer surface of the tuyere tube 25 by an annular weld W-S, while the wall 29S is welded to the ange ZSF by an annular weld W46. .The return manifold casting 30 is then put in position on the tube plate 28 and is secured thereto by an annular @weld W-7 as will be evident in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

IThe shroud tube 26V is then put in position with its outer end located within'the rabbeted groove 1355G, and

while the other or inner end of the shroud tube 26 is properly supported in concentric relation to the tuyere Y tube 25, lthe shroud tube 26 is secured to the wall 30W by an annular weld W-.

The nose cap27 is then put in position with its annular anges 27E and 127F extending into the space-be tween the 'inner ends of the

tubes

25 and 26, and the nose cap is then fixed in positionY by an annular weld VV-9 between the tuyere tube 25 and the nose cap, and Y an annular weld W-l betweenrthe nose cap 27 and the inner end of the shroud tube 25. l

In the assembly operations as thus described, it will be observed that the welding operations that are required may readily and easily be performed in each instance, the welding locations being disposed so as to be readily accessible in every instance. When the assembly operations have been completed, the elements of the tuyere are, of Y course, in a rigid and accurately determined relationship and the proper flow of coolant is assured so thatrthe necessary heat dissipation may be accomplished.

The tuyere that is thus alforded under the present invention is of such a character that it has a great flexibility insofar as design considerations may be concerned, and

hence the tuyere may be readily and easily produced to meet the operating conditions that are present in the furnace installation where it is to be used. 'It Vwill also be evident that the present Yinvention affords a tyuere; that is simple and economical in its structure and which Ser. No. 456,659, tiled September 17, 1954,now `abon-V doned.

Iclaim: i K u 1. In a tuyere, inner and outer sleeves disposed in spaced concentric relation affording an elongated annular chamber and with their inner ends connected together to form a nose, said outer sleeve being shorter than said inner sleeve so as to terminate in an outer end spaced from the outer end of said inner sleeve, means dening an annular inlet manifold surrounding and secured to said inner sleeve in spaced relation to the outer end of said outer sleeve and having a wall spaced from said outer end of said outer sleeve and disposed in a plane normal to said sleeves, a plurality of inlet tubes disposed in said elongated annular chamber and having outer ends extended through and anchored in said wall and arranged in annular series about and in contact with the inner sleeve, said tubes being secured to said inner sleeve and extended longitudinally along said inner sleeve in fixed relation thereto so as to locate the other ends of said inlet tubes adjacent the inner ends of said sleeves and closely adjacent nose, and means connecting the outer end of said outer sleeve to said Wall and cooperating therewith to form an annular discharge manifold.

2. In a tuyere, inner and Outer sleeves disposed in spaced concentric relation affording an elongated annular chamber and with their inner ends connected together to form a nose, said outer sleeve being shorter than said inner sleeve so as to terminate in an outer end spaced from the outer end of said inner sleeve, a tube plate secured to said inner sleeve in spaced relation to the outer end of said outer sleeve, a plurality of inlet tubes disposed in said elongated annular chamber and having outer ends extended through and anchored in said plate and arranged in annular series about and in contact with the inner sleeve, said tubes being secured to and extended longitudinally along said inner sleeve in fixed relation thereto so as to locate the other ends of said inlet tubes adjacent the inner ends of said sleeves and closely adjacent said nose, means connecting said plate to said inner sleeve outwardly of said plate and cooperating therewith to form an annular inlet manifold for said tubes, and means connecting the outer end of said outer sleeve to said plate and cooperating therewith to form an annular discharge manifold.

3. In a tuyere, inner and outer sleeves disposed in spaced concentric nested relation to aiord an elongated annular chamber therebetween and to enable fluid to ow through said inner sleeve, means at corresponding inner ends of said sleeves affording a nose that is to be exposed to a combustion area and through which fluid flowing through the inner sleeve may be discharged into the combustion area, an inlet and an outlet means for coolant, the inlet means being in communication with said chamber, and a plurality of coolant conducting tubes having corresponding inner ends thereof communicating with said inlet means and being arranged about and secured to said inner sleeve and extended longitudinally along said chamber and in contact with said inner sleeve to have the other ends thereof disposed adjacent to said nose to be eiective to discharge coolant against the rear face of said nose for deilection therefrom into said annular chamber to be returned therethrough to said outlet means.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 257,571 Gordon May 9, 1882 655,528 Thomas Aug. 7, 1900 1,773,944 Brakeman Aug. 26, 1930 FOREIGN PATENTS 437,046 Great Britain Oct. 23, 1935 854,202 France lan. 4, 1940 719,133 Germany Mar. 30, 1942 1,087,147 France May 5A 1954