US2826182A

US2826182A - Recirculating square boiler

Info

Publication number: US2826182A
Application number: US324040A
Authority: US
Inventors: Benedict W Mandelburg
Original assignee: MANVILLE BOILER CO
Current assignee: MANVILLE BOILER CO
Priority date: 1952-12-04
Filing date: 1952-12-04
Publication date: 1958-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 1975-03-11

Description

March 11, 1958 B. w. MANDELBURG RECICULATING SQUARE BOILER 4 Sheets-Shea?l l Filed Dec. 4, 1952 ll f Irl INVENToR. fA/ED/C W. /fMA/f/.EURG

March 11, 1958 B. w. MANDELBURG 2,826,182

' RECIRCULATING SQUARE BOILER Filed Dec. 4, 1952 4 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR.

E/VED/CT W M/VDE/.BI/RG TTORNEY B. W.. MANDELBURG RECIRCULATING SQUARE BOILER March 11, 1958 4 .sheets-sheet s l Filed Dec. 4, 1952 March 11, 1958 B. w. MANDELBURG 2,826,182

RECIRCULATING SQUARE BorLER Filed Deo. 4, 1952 4 sheets-sheet 4 .3 INVENTOR.

Blf

27 #Trae/wey 2,826,182 RECIRCULATING 'SQUARE BOILER;k

Benedct.W.` Mantlelburg, Scarsdale, N. lY.,`jassignor 4to Manville Boiler Co., New York, N fY., incorporation f New York ApplicationDecemher 4,-1952, Serial No.; 324,040 i,

5 Claims. (Cl.122=155)'A This invention'relatesto a tubeless recirculatingvwater heatingrboilcr construction.

v It is an object of `the `present yinventionrto provide a tubeless recirculating water boiler f construction rwherein the boilerv will have high' recirculatingz action .causing instant and forceful 'water` movementffromthe bottom in onepath offlow` to the top of the-boileriandreturning fromthe top of the boiler tothe pointf;ofbeginning through another pathv of flow; and^whereiny the lower areabeing-at the point of exit of the gasesto the chimney fitting., and without having-any `large top` chamber or any other` .section of the flue travel of-fgreater, space; thans required, and wherein -the ue travel will have. at least a, pluralityrof serpentinedlue passageswhichallow for: high. absorption of the heat by thescrubbingeffect of hotY gasesafter leaving the, fire chamber and...as theyy pass through theproperly proportionedand constantly di-w minishingsectional area ofrthe fluetravel.

Itvisfanother objectof the. inventiontoprovidea tubeless recirculatingwater heatingboilen wherein the gases are .allowed to ,by-pass iny small` quantitiesgthe.,passages tovteliminate any tendency of the. gases,to;stratify in the ueatravel and.- to eliminator any possibilityr of back pressure inthe iireb-oxandflue;

It is; anotherobject of the inventionftoi provides. .tubelessi recirculating: water heating t boiler. c which allows r:fore full Iexpansion of :the: ame and gasesv andA has reifective t scrubbingand wipingactionvover all pof thenheat-absorbing surfaces and vwherebyaasmooth and;qniet flowvof gases through the boiler is had.

Otherf objects :of theinvention-f` areV to provider .a tubeless frecirlculating heating boiler: havingsthe.; above `objects immind',:fwhichwis of simpleconstruction,A welded Pinto one piecegfis `without tubes toclog,clean 'or replace, has a=min irnumf number of parts, inexpensive to manufacture; compact; durable, easy to install; lowchimneyg temperature, low-v fuel consumption, fast heating economy; and efficient irroperation.v

For other `objects and for abetter understanding/of jthe invention, referencemaybe hadjtothefollowing ,detailed description, taken in Yconjunction with .the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figuretl is a perspectiveviewofthe `boilerrwiththe burner,` and-Louter casing.` orf ackeLattached fand', with t portions of-T. the; outer` casinggandrfof the-boiler brokerr` nited States Patent C) ICC away in yseveral places to show the'interioreconstruction thereof;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectionalyiewvtakenffgenerallyon` line 2-2 of Fig. 1;,

Fig. 3 is ,a fragmentary;vertical` sectional view taken online 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a .perspective :view `of one Ofthetransverse4 water-,containing llue battles` and: showing. notches cut.` away to allow for the by-pass of smallpquantitiesof the.

re llame and gases in order to disturb; andrprevent stratification of the gases asthey passthroughthezili'lezA and .to relieve pressures-,thatrnay` developin the y:flue or fireV chamber resulting fromtvaryingxdraft conditions;`

Fig. 5 =is a fragmentarysectionaljview showing .a water.,- deilectingportion on one. of therwaterbafesxandas.-

viewed on line 5--5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective .View offthe .boiler structure with `thetop and 4other portionsbroken .away to show the interior construction thereof and the manner4 in which the water passes upwardly through` water-con taining flue baies and returns to thebottom of the boiler;

Fig; 7 `is a fragmentary `vertical `sectional. view-.staken generally Ion line 7-7 ofFig. 6;

Fig.y 8 is a fragmentary verticalsectional-,viewutaken generally online 8- -8 of Fig. 6;

Fig; 9 -isa `horizontal` sectional viewtaken generally lon line 9-9. of Fig. 6.

Referring to the -gures, `15 represents the` boiler structure which embodies the features of the-present inf ventiony and to which there is connected a fuelburner 16. This burner extends `through the sidev 'of the ,boiler structure at the bottornthereofandrlelivers` the flame` tothe boilerstructure. Surrounding the boiler vstructure 15, andthe burner 16 is an outercasingor jacket 17.

Thetboiler structure 15 comprises generally an outer shell 1S, an inner shell 19 inwardlyspaced from the outer shell to provide a `water space between the shells,

transverse fiat water-containing flue bailles 2), 21, 22and and pass through theboiler structure in a serpentinemanner, making several passes between theV transverse water jackets randthe top of the; inner'shell in order `to reachthe chimneynoutlet- 24. The'passages `narrowas4 the heatis .absorbed from the gases so that the full .scrubbing action ofthe passing gases is effected.` The gases `contract as` they give up'rtheir heat and require less .conducting space as `they near the outlet. any-part of.y the `flue ltravel `space be greater than necessary `tocontain the reduced volume of the gases, thek heatytransfernof the :remaining gases would be lessened and the eliciency of :the boiler at that Vpoint is proportionately decreased.n Metal ins-,the boiler which `is not' effectively vabsorbing heatis wasted material.l There is, no; large chamber near the chimney outlet inthe present construction. The chimneyfoutlet 24 extends from ther inner; shell 19 and isan.- integral-.part of the boiler` structurer Whilethe, outer shell v1% extends the full height of the boiler in order `to `include theire chamber, the inner shell 19'extends upwardly from the top of the `lire-clay26 of the rewchamb'er. Ailbottom piecel27"closes oifjwater chamberspace 128 lying between the two shells'18 Sand 19;A

Onythe front ofthegboilerlstructure thereris water space f 2S which is widerthanat-.the tbackandother sides ofthe boilerrso ,that 'naturaland-.tunrestricted owaofi the .waten The Should on returning to the bottom of the boiler structure is eiected. On the rear of the boiler there is a narrow and restricted illm of water as indicated at 29 through which little, if any water can circulate, either upwardly or downwardly. The water maintained in this space is merely for the purpose of preventing the burning of the inner and outer shells and is an expansion space, if rcquired. At the top of the boiler structure is a relatively large water expansion space 30 in which all of the water is directed. A domestic hot water coil 31 is located in this high temperature water zone. This water coil has inlet and

outlet fittings

32 and 33.

The inner shell 19 comprises two

side plates

34 and 35 between which the water-containing

flue bailles

20, 21, 22 and 23 extend and which are vertically spaced with respect to each other. These side plates are connected together at the front of the boiler by a front plate 36 and at the rear of the boiler by a rear plate 37. The top of the inner shell 19 is closed by a top plate 38. The lower transverse water baille is shaped as shown in Fig. 4 and can bc made from one piece or from parts welded together. It is open at the ends and extends through openings in the

side plates

34 and 35 to the edges of which it is welded in. a watertight manner. The transverse baille Zilis rounded at the rear edge as indicated at 39 and is made from ilat stock bent and rolled, and the forward edge of the transverse baille is made by turning up one end of the plate. as at 39 and overlapping the other end of the plate to provide a notched projection 40 having notches or openings 41 therein. The notches 4l provide an escape for a small stream of llame and gases so as to disturb stratification of the gases as they pass through the main ilue travel space about the baille 20 as at 22a. The greater portion of the flame and gases Will surround the rounded end 39 of the baille 2G to start their serpentine passage through the boiler. A small part of the llame will pass through the notches 41 of the baille 2i). The baille 2i) is tilted upwardly and transversely of the boiler from the water starting point.

The ilue baille 21 is formed similar to the baille 20, but is reversely mounted so that its notches as indicated at 42 will lie at the rear of the boiler to permit some escape of the gases at the location through the baille 21 and without having to follow the main path forwardly under the baille 21 and about its end 43 to create a turbulence .and disturb the stratification of the gases. The gases on passing about the end 43 of the baille 21 will pass over the top of the baille 21 and through space 21a, but some will escape through notches 44 in the baffle 22 spaced above the baflle 21. The baille 21 is tilted upward and transversely of the boiler from the opposite side of the boiler. The baille 22 is tilted transversely and in the same manner as baille 20 is tilted. Escape of the gases through the

notches

41, 42 and 44 will prevent stratification of the gases within the boiler and will relieve back pressure throughout the boiler. The gases on rounding the point 43 of the baille 21 will travel rearwardly through flue travel space 21a and will turn and move upwardly over rounded portion d5 of the baille 22 and forwardly over the top thereof and through space 22a. The gases will move about rounded end 46 of the transverse water baille 23 and will move over the top thereof through a narrow top space 23a and rearwardly to the chimney outlet 24. A deilecting baille plate 47 is inclined downwardly from the rear edge of the transverse baflle 23 so as to prevent any escape of gases directly to the chimney outlet 24 from space 22a without rounding the rounded end 46 of the transverse water baille 23. The water baille 23 is tilted transversely and in the same manner as baille 21.

The

transverse water bailles

21 and 22 are constructed similarly to the transverse water baille 2i) as shown in Fig. 4, but are mounted alternately within shell 19. The ilue travel spaces 20a, 21a, 22a and 23a make up a serpentine path for the upward and outward travel toward the chimney outlet 24. These spaces are of diminishing size from the re chamber to the outlet 24 for the spaces that otherwise prevent gas flow over the full extent of the due travel surfaces. The vertical heights of the spaces are diiferent as will be noted in Fig. 2.

The space 20a is of greater height than the height of the upper space 23a. Because the bailles are tilted from side to side, as the gases travel through the ilue spaces from the front to the rear and from the rear to the front and so on until they reach the chimney outlet, they will also sweep diagonally from side to side while continuing forwardly and backwardly through the ilue passages, thus increasing the length and time of travel of the bulk of the gases and effectiveness of the scrubbing action of the gases upon the heat absorbing surfaces in the ilue travel spaces.

The transverse baille 20 has a downwardly curved water deilecting portion 48 for directing the water from the starting point at one side of the boiler into the space within the water baille 2i). This water passes transversely through the baille 20 and upwardly as the baille 20 is inclined in this manner, as shown in Fig. 3, and upon reaching the end of the baille 20 is directed upwardly by an upwardly curved deilecting portion 52 into the water space at the opposite side of the boiler. The water travel then is directed upwardly until it reaches a downwardly curved deilecting portion 53 of the water baille 21. Thereafter, the water passes through the transverse baille 21 which is inclined in the reverse direction from the baflle 20, as shown in Fig. 3. On the op posite end of the transverse baille 21 is an upwardly curved deilecting portion 54 which causes the water to move upwardly through the water space at that side of the boiler. This water will upon moving upwardly be again deilected by a downwardly curved deilecting portion 5S of the transverse baffle 22 which is inclined similar to the lower baille 20 so that the water will pass through the baille 22 and upwardly to the opposite side of the boiler where it will again be directed upwardly by an upwardly curved deilecting portion 56. The water then moves upwardly again at that side of the boiler and will engage a deecting portion 57 of a transverse water baille 23 which is inclined similar to the transverse baille 21. The water then passes through this transverse baille 23 until it reaches the opposite end thereof where it will be deflected again upwardly by a deilecting portion 58 thereof and into the water expansion space 30 which contains the domestic hot water coil 31. As the water in this space 30 is chilled by the use of the domestic hot water coil and passes forwardly over the top plate 38 of the inner shell structure 19, the cooled water will then pass downwardly as shown by arrows in Fig. 6 into the space 28 at the front of the boiler. This space 28 is large and unrestricted, and accordingly the bulk of the cooled water will fall in this direction and pass by an aquastat 28a which is an electrical control to start the burner 16 to reheat the water for recirculation. There will still remain some water in the small narrow and restricted space 29 in order to prevent burning of the shell plates.

The front plate 37 has a vertically extending side extension 61 which extends from the top edge of the front plate 37 down to the elevation of the curved deflecting portion 48 of the transverse baille 20, leaving a space 62 thereunder through which the water can be directed toward the deflecting portion 48 to provide for recirculation of the chilled water and prevents the water from mixing with water in other spaces at that side of the boiler.-

At the opposite side of the front plate 37 there is a vertically extending extension 63 which extends downwardly to a point near the bottom plate 27 of the boiler structure. This extension 63, Fig. 6, will prohibit any passage of water from the unrestricted space 28 at the front of the boiler toward the opposite side of the boiler. A small space 64 is left under the extension 63 to allow asaeftsat for liushingjall;4 of-;the water vfrom the boiler-fordraining,A

Purposes.

Thetrear-platef 36:f-has side extensions -65 t and 66 which'r extenddownwardly= 'to'Y distances slightly above Y the botpassage and "circulation of water through the narrow restricted-spaceq29 at the/rear of -the-boiler. These Vspaces under'thel `extensions 65- and 66aare indicated at 67 and 68-,frespectively and;-are\sullicient to allowwater topassthroughthe-.boilerstructure from `within the boiler and to: allow fwaterto -be drainedtrom the .boiler through a drain hinting-,70.Mv Cooled-water fromtthe expansion space 301-is prevented from-.passingdown the sides of theboiler by=thefseveraldellectingfportions57; 58, and so forth, Fig.;3,- onytheseveralwaterbatlles., The return water from the; radiators returns tow the .boiler structure 15 throughaa return inlet litting^-71 at the rear of theboiler, Fig.,6, and 2 at lthe starting side-.of the boiler for recircula* Vtion -and .heatingv within the boiler.- is .connected-to top platew73 of ltheroutershell.` Asafety valve,orfgaugeftting:74.is also connected to the top plate 73. t

At the topi` .of ,t theouter shell vis 1 insulation-75 and at the rear of fthe outer vshell `is vertically-extending linsulation 76. Similar insulation is provided `.on :the opposite sides of the outer shell, as indicated at 77 and 78,y Fig. 3. At the^-frfont-offthevboiler there is a .large space 79 which houses v.the-@burner 16; The casingy 17 includes a top,cover plate 80 having Ventilating openings 81.

Itsh'ouldfnowbe' apparentthat there Vhas been jprovided aftubeless recirculating water boiler wherein the water inpassing through the boiler' is caused to circulate in `but one direction andto be returned to a single starting"point;` The water, starting from one side of the boiler, moves in and out through. the water-containing llue baffles tovand fromthe other side andupwardlyp to the expansion-:A space inthe top of Ythe boiler andthereaften is returned by way of a free unrestricted passage at one end of the boiler to the starting point at the one side of the boiler. In order to confine this passage end extension baliles are provided between the inner and outer shells at the unrestricted end of the boiler, the baflie extension at the one side extending downwardly and allowing sufcient space for the water to llow freely thereunder to the starting point, and the baffle at the water restricted end of the boiler extending downwardly to allow only a slight space merely for the purpose of draining and cleaning the boiler. At the opposite end of the boiler, there is a small restricted space between the inner and outer shells merely for the purpose of containing water and preventing the burning of the boiler walls, and it should be understood that there is little, if any, circulation of water through this restricted space.

It will further be apparent that the bafes are arranged so as to obtain a serpentine flow of gases passing upwardly therethrough and that the baffles have openings for permitting the by-passing of the gases between the passages to disturb any stratiiication of the gases therein and to relieve any back pressure within the contines of the boilers tiue travel. The batlies are alternately spaced in opposite directions from side to side so that the water on traversing these baies will be elevated slightly on passing through each baille and wherein the ue gases will be caused to pass diagonally into the ilue passages from one corner to the other and to thereby lengthen their travel and increase the scrubbing etect on the heating surfaces.

While various changes may be made in the detail con struction, it shall be understood that such changes shall be within the spirit and scope of the present invention, as deined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A boiler construction comprising an outer shell, an inner shell disposed within the outer shell, said inner shell having end walls and one of the operative end walls An outlet fitting 1f72 y beingsuciently `spaced ,from the A outer yshell. to `provide-2 for?y an;v unrestrictedtwater space.. forV freei` flowVl of waterl downwardly. therebetween the other of-H said.r end.A walls i' beingfspacedfromfthefoutenfshell to provide a restricted* 1, water passage; said innernshell having.r side walls spacedi from. theside -walls offthezouterlshell to provide.l side water` spaces for an upward'llow ofwatertherebetween, water-.- containing-,tinebandes-.extending transversely of the border, betweenrthe sides ofthe innerv shell for. lateral' passage-fof` waterf4 therebetweeny. and: baille` extensionsextending: vertically between the sides of` the'inner shell andathe outer shellfladjacent;i theffreelunrestricted spaceat the encll of the boiler to jconline the water `;returning-tl1rough the unrestrictedspaoe1and to direct'fwaterlto thebottom' of ytheffboilerandA away from-fthesides ofthe innerashellA and thereby to prohibit the mixing of v; the 4downwardly.` tlowinggwaterwithv'-the-,upwardow ofI water, said. baille .s extensions forfthe yunrestricted@water space i running yto Va i point spaced from the\b01 torn` of-j'the. unrestrictedwater space lto provide openings through which the. re`

turn` ywater;` may pass.v at `the bottom of themboilen tothe side/V water-spaces,`` and other'balle extensions extending verticallyt-bctween'@the sidesV ofthe inner shellfy and the `sides :of the outer lshell adjacent th'e -restrictedwater passageextending.downwardly from the'ftop,I of thev inner shell tolocations near to the bottom ofthe-boiler to: provide openings? through; whiehganyV water ypassing to or f fromtgthet-restricted spacevmayfpass -from or `to fthje side; water spaces. whereby :a smallow of- Iwatermay `befretainedainn thev yrestrictedq water passageto -preventover,-` heating :of 'the boilerl at thatend thereof.`

2. Ay boilergconstruction comprising an outer shell having-front;sideandfback'walls, an inner-shell fitted within theouter-` shell and-;spaced`5 from` the-walls thereofsaid inner'shell'having a -fron't wall spaced from thefront wall..l of-the;outer-shell tofpreviclevant funrestricted-` water space f for the,l free Ilow ofy {water ,returning from lthefftop `of the boiler to the bottom thereof, a Water expansion chamber above said inner shell, water-containing ue balles extending between the sides of the inner shell and cornmunicating with the side water spaces between the sides of the inner shell and the side walls of the louter shell, said water-containing battles lying one above the other and vertically spaced from each other, each of said water ue bales having deecting portions for directing water inwardly into the bale and for directing water outwardly and upwardly from the bale, said dellecting portions extending into the side water spaces between the sides of the inner shell and yof the outer shell whereby to cause a serpentine flow of water through the inner shell, and baille extensions from the end wall of the inner shell and aligned with the ends of the deilecting portions to prevent the liow of return water from the water expansion chamber at the top of the boiler from entering directly the side water spaces between the sides of the inner shell and the side walls of the outer shell, said vertical baille extensions running to a point spaced from the bottom of the unrestricted water space to provide openings through which the return water may pass at the bottom of the boiler to the side water spaces.

3. A boiler construction, as defined in claim 2, and the wall of the inner shell opposite from the unrestricted end of the boiler being spaced from the opposite end of the boiler providing a restricted llow of water therebetween, bafe extensions extending between the sides of the inner shell and the side walls of the boiler adjacent the restricted space and extending downwardly to a location close t-o the bottom of the boi-ler whereby to restrict the ow of water into and between said restricted space and a return iiow inlet pipe disposed at the one side of the boiler for return water to the entering space for the water returning from the top of the boiler downwardly through the unrestricted space.

4. A boiler construction comprising an outer shell, an

inner shell disposed within the outer shell and closed at the top to provide a water expansion space thereover, said inner shell having one of its end walls sufficiently spaced from the outer shell and having smooth surfaces thereon to provide for an unrestricted water space for full downward flow of return water within the boiler, said inner shell having side walls spaced from the sides of the outer shell to provide side water spaces for the upward ow of water therebetween, a plurality of water containing ue battles extending transversely between the side walls of the inner shell for the flow of water between the side water spaces and through the interior of the boiler, said hollow water containing flue bales being vertically spaced from one another in heights diminishing in amount from between the lower baffles and the battles thereabove and between the upper bales and thev top of the inner shell, a chimney opening extending from the inner shell adjacent to the minimum height spacing between the upper baffle and the top of the inner shell, the sides of said bafes being alternately spaced from the opposite ends of the inner shell whereby to provide for a serpentine and diminishing cross section area ow of the gases upwardly through the inner shell to the chimney opening, and said water containing bales being spaced slightly from the end of the inner shell at the sides thereof opposite from the sides permitting the main ow of the gases into the spaces between the bales and notched bale extensions extending between these sides to permit a restricted flow of gases between the gas traversing spaces whereby to prevent stratication of the gases traversing these spaces.

5. A boiler construction comprising an outer shell, an inner shell disposed within the outer shell and `closed at the top to provide a water expansion space thereover, said inner shell having one of its end walls sufficiently spaced from the outer shell and having smoothsurfaces thereon to provide for an unrestricted water space for full downward ow of return water within the boiler, said inner shell having side walls spaced from the sides of the outer shell to provide side water spaces for the upward ow of water therebetween, a plurality of water containing ilue bailles extending transversely between the side walls of the inner shell for the flow of water between the side water spaces and through the interior of the boiler, said hollow water-containing flue baiiles being vertically spaced from one another in heights diminishing in amount from between the lower baies and the bales thereabove and between the upper baffles and the top of the inner shell, a chimney opening extending from the inner shell adjacent to the minimum height spacing between the upper baille and the top of the inner shell, the sides of said baffles being alternately spaced from the opposite ends of the inner shell whereby to provide for a serpentine and diminishing cross section area ow of the gases upwardly through the inner shell to the chimney opening, said baflles being tilted from one side of the inner wall to the other side of the inner `wall and on each side of said inner wall said bailles are alternately spaced diierent distances from one another whereby to cause the gases to pass diagonally over the water-containing baflles in` passing from side to side and to increase the length and time of travel of the bulk of the gases and the eectiveness of their scrubbing action.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,077,761 Schneider Nov. 4, 1913 2,020,221 Sturgis Nov. 5, 1935 2,034,782 Themes Mar. 24, 1936 2,538,169 Steiner Jan. 16, 1951 2,575,723 Mandelburg Nov. 20, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS 2,395 Great Britain .lune 15, 1878 663,985 Germany Aug. 18, 1938