US2825396A - Resistance control valve for fuel injection system - Google Patents

Description

C March 4, 1958 E. M. @REER ET AL RESISTANCE CONTROL VALVE FOR FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM Filed June 22`. 1955 INVENTOR EDWARD M. GREER RESISTANCE CNTRL VALVE FOR FUEL [NJECTN SYSTEM Edward M. Greer, Great Neck, and Pellegrino Edward Napolitano, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignors to Greer Hydraulics, lne., Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application .lune 22, 1953, Serial No. 363,342 4 Claims. (Cl. 158-36) This invention relates to the art Yof valves, more particularly of the resistance controlled type.

As conducive to an understanding of the invention, in one illustrative application thereof, it is noted that certain types of operating units such as engines, require for starting purposes an initial charge of a relatively large quantity of fuel and thereafter a continuous supply of a smaller quantity of fuel: Where the initial fuel charge is supplied by means of the injection of gas under pressure into the gas chamber of a huid transfer unit such as a pressure accumulator whose fuel or liquid chamber is precharged with such fuel, in the event that fuel should ow from the liquid chamber into the gas chamber and through the system, into the source of gas under pressure, such fuel may explode with resultant destruction of the system and possible injury to personnel and damage to property.

it is accordingly among the objects of the invention to provide a system of the above type which will permit a spurt of gas under pressure to effect movement of the partition of a duid transfer unit such as a pressure accumulator pre-charged with a tiuid to deliver a relatively large quantity of such fluid to an operating unit, and upon leakage of such uid past the partition, substantially immediately, without need for any manual operation, will cut off communication between the source of gas under pressure and such accumulator, which system has but few relatively simple parts which are not likely to become deranged even with long repeated use and which may readily be manufactured at low cost.

Another object is to provide a resistance controlled valve which upon application to the resistance unit thereof of a predetermined uid, such as a liquid, or vapor of such liquid, will effect rapid and substantial increase of the resistance of such unit for actuation of the valve controlled thereby.

According to the invention from its broader aspect, the system comprises a reservoir from which a predetermined fluid such as liquid is supplied to an operating unit by means of a suitable pump. The system also includes a pressure accumulator of the type having a liquid chamber into which such liquid is also forced by the pump and a gas chamber with a movable partition between such chambers. 'Ihe gas chamber of the accumulator is connected through a control chamber to a source of gas under pressure-and a solenoid operated valve is interposed between such source and the control chamber, said valve being open during normal operation of the system. Positioned in the control chamber is a resistance unit which desirably comprises a rod of nou-conducting material having a coating of conductive particles thereon, the ends of said rod being connected through suitable circuits to the solenoid operated valve, a source of current being included in such circuit to retain the valve open as long as the overall resistance of the conductive particles remains at a predetermined value. The resistance unit is so designed that in the presence of vapors of such predetermined liquid or if it is covered by such liquid, its resistance States arent ice 2 will immediately increase a substantial amount to reduce the current owing through the coil of the solenoid valve to a value below that suicient to retain the valve open.

In the accompanying drawings in which is shown one or more of various possible embodiments of the several features of the invention, the single ligure shows one illustrative embodiment of the invention.

Referring now to the illustrative embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, the system desirably comprises a reservoir 11 for a predetermined liquid which may be a fuel such as kerosene for example. The reservoir 11 is connected by line 12 to the inlet of a fuel pump 13 desirably driven by an electric motor 14 connected to a source of power, such as a battery 15, through a normally open switch 16, and designed in the illustrative embodiment herein shown to deliver fuel under a pressure of 40 to 50 P. S. I. The outlet of pump 13 is connected through line 17 and check valve 18 to junction 19, the valve 18 permitting ow of fuel in direction only from such outlet.

The junction 19 is desirably connected by feed line 21, through solenoid operated valve 22, which has a coil 23 connected through switch 24 to a battery 25, to the operative unit, illustratively an engine 26 to be supplied with fuel. ln addition, the junction 19 is connected by v line 27 to the liquid supply port 28 of a fluid transfer unit such as a pressure accumulator 29 of conventional type such as that put out by Greer Hydraulics, Inc., of Brooklyn, New York.

- The accumulator 29 is of the type which desirably comprises a container 31 having a movable partition, preferably a bladder 32 therein which has a port connected to the gas supply port 33 of the accumulator for charging of such bladder. The port 33 is connected by line 34 to a junction 35 which in turn is connected by line 36 through valve 37 to the atmosphere. The junction 35 is also connected by line 38 to the port 39 of a control chamber 41 which desirably has a second port 42 at a level above that of port 39. The port 42 is connected by line 43 through solenoid operated valve 44, and line 4S to the outlet of a gas pump 46, driven by an electric motor 47. The motor is supplied with power as from a battery 48 through the normally open contacts 49, 51 of a time delay relay 52 connected through push button switch 53 to battery 54.

Positioned in control chamber 41 adjacent its floor 54 is a unit 55 which illustratively comprises a rod 56 of non-conducting material such as Wood which desirably has a granular conductive coating 57 thereon, say of sucrose carbon particles, and functions as a resistor. A metal cap 58 at each end of the rod 56 is contacted by the adjacent particles and has a lead 59 connected thereto and extending through the wall of the control chamber 41. One of the conducting caps 58 is connected to one side of a source of current, illustratively a battery 61, and the other cap is connected through the coil 62 of solenoid operated valve 44 and switch 63 to the other side of the battery 61.

In the operation of the system shown in the drawing, the valve 37 is first opened to vent the related portion of the system to the atmosphere. The switch 63 is closed to complete a circuit from battery 61 through resistance unit 55 and the coil 62 of valve 44. The effective resistance of unit 55 is such that under normal conditions of operation when only air is present in control chamber 41, suiiicient current will pass through unit 55 to energize coil 62, thereby opening valve 44. The motor 14 is then energized by the closing of switchl to actuate pump 13 to force fuel from reservoir 11 through check valve 18 and junction 19 into the accumulator 29 to charge the latter, the normally closed valve 22 preventing llow of fuel into the engine 26.

Ybladder 32 momentarily toinflate the latter; VVa Vspurt of aVv relatively largequantitygof fuelbeforced mineemgfheabf How initie-wee gynsfifja aawgima are 'La mmmawr 29, the bladder, sz

will be compressed end s'ubs'tntiall'y allofthegas therein Vwill be forced through'line 34,;junction 35, Vline 36 and Y ogen'valveto the atn 1c sphere. Y

valve 371s elosedjandnre switehfzzi'isacmtedto ener,

from reservoir 1 1i may ovv to `the fenginel- Asiagreaterquantityof fuelisneeded'vyhen the 'engine Y is initially startedA than issupplied bygpump 13, atthis Vvtimegv'a relativelylargegiuantity o f fuel maybe forced Y into theY engine by pres sing.push button s witclil53. As a plete a Vcircuit fronrbattery 48ammotor l-todrivefthe gaspump 45, the length of time the punipoperatesbeing Y determined by thesetting' ftnje delay relayf S Y sequently,gasfunderpressurgwillfilow through ne 45,

Con-

439,.V line 38, junction 35,1line 351, througl1. pojrt into'the from the accumulator 'port 28, through junction linev 2, open valve-22 into the engine f2.6; As theffpnnap' is continuously operated, fuel will thereupon orvsg hom tbnthereoff i the `i'eservoiillzintg Vthe engine y2 6 for continue opera;

deliver aY second Ghargepffgasnm der? presvsu or duringnormal operation ofthengineggsuchfuel would How fr orn the accumulatorthroughf'linesd':andfS into control chamber 41.}As=the f uel starts -tofllow throughk the lines 34 and-:33; the -atrnoSpheiejn'l the' line Va-nclheiceV in the-:chamber will begcontanlinated with suchrfeljand the vapor willaflow around the, resistance' unitlSSL-seeping between theparticles onrod-'SGLAS a-i'esult off'tliezuse of suchsucrose carbonpart'iclesftlie vapor. seepingftlere- Y -f betweenlwoul'drincrease theoverllresistancezof the ere- Y Vsistance unit almostgimmediately-, thereby reducingthe currentfowing theretlirellghiand-troughethe coil 62 of Y AlthoughY in t he-;system Aabovef'describel;sucrose,cars

lion particles-havefbeenfusedfinfconjunctic vvitlrikero-I scope offthe to utilize othertypes"ofcondiicting 'particleshaving a givenfverall resistance inv the-pisenc'e` of one uidpandadierent overall resistancerinf thezfp'res t'isfalso within v'scope-"oftljezinventionitoutilie` accumulatore` of? type other: than'.- those "with afbladder,

Y' i., e.; V'a'.piston-typeaccumulator'forexan'iplegsandina'nse the system in'conju'nction with operating units' other; than; engines; i. e., *such ashydrauliciriotzis;`

description i 5' sene, it; isV of course:tof'be''understood'that'itisnazithinttheV v Y Saiagasgsqpmyi f 1 panying drawings shall beinterpreted as illustrative and not' in a limiting sense. f Having thus described our invention, rwhat* We'claim las new and ydesire'to secure by Letters Patent'ofthe United YVStatesis: Y 1. A system ofthe character described comprising a rservoir for'liquid, a1 pump, alineconuecting theres-Y ervoiito said"`pump,a`uid transferfunit havinga liquid supply port, a gasvsipplyportandamovable partition inj f `tervenrg'letweengsai'zlports, means connecting thef outp11 tA of saidpunnp tosaidlliquid supply portfto: charge. said Vlluidtr'ansfereuhtL-With liquidialiquid' outletfline in comik Vrnunication Withrsaid liquid supplyport, acontrol chamber having `tvvg ports, nieansproviding icorri munication .between one of said ports and said gas supplyportgia'ventg Y line connected'tofsaidlastfnarned communicating means,YY a valve in said vent line, means toconnect Va sourceof'ga's ntrol chamber,

Vnimeer@ partition is a' tiefgrmsue builderv c'einreiten:fit--LV Iann 11m whichV given overall resistance; in

d contactsf i ran;

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