US2508588A - Protective apparatus - Google Patents
Protective apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2508588A US2508588A US724829A US72482947A US2508588A US 2508588 A US2508588 A US 2508588A US 724829 A US724829 A US 724829A US 72482947 A US72482947 A US 72482947A US 2508588 A US2508588 A US 2508588A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- resistor
- fluid
- protective apparatus
- flow controller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of an electrically-heated body in dependence upon change of temperature
- G01N27/16—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of an electrically-heated body in dependence upon change of temperature caused by burning or catalytic oxidation of surrounding material to be tested, e.g. of gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
- F23N5/245—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electrical or electromechanical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2231/00—Fail safe
- F23N2231/18—Detecting fluid leaks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/1842—Ambient condition change responsive
- Y10T137/1915—Burner gas cutoff
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
- Y10T137/7723—Safety cut-off requiring reset
Definitions
- PROTECTIVE APPARATUS Filed Jan. 28, 194'? PLATINUM SPONGE, PLATINUM BLACK OR OTHER MATERIAL CERAMIC RESISTOR SAFETY SCRE E N S MANUAL RE-SET RELEASING EI ECTRO MAGNET A PLIANCES ROBERT M. WALTIVIA N Patented May 23, 1950 PROTECTIVE APPARATUS Robert M. Waltman, Towson, Md.,v assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, Baltimore, Md., a corporation of Delaware Application January 28, 1947, Serial No. 724,829
- This invention relates to systems for the distribution of illuminating gas and, more particularly, to protective apparatus for such systems designed to minimize the possibility of asphyxiation and explosion.
- Illuminating gas finds a wide variety of applications in dwelling houses at the present time. It is generally piped from an entrance main to the various appliances by suitable piping having a number of elbows and joints. Settling of the dwelling may subject such installations to severe stress, and there may also be present faults and defects in the material of the pipin producing cracks and breaks at unpredictable times. In such event, the occupants of the dwelling are exposed to the danger of asphyxiation and, should the concentration of gas reach a' sufficient level, there further exists the danger of an explosion, which may destroy the dwelling and severely injure or kill the occupants. In addition to these unpredictable sources of gas leakage, it may also occur that appliance burners are supplied with gas without being ignited, or, having been ignited by some means, may be extinguished as by a strong current of air or a temporary interruption of the gas supply.
- a fiow controller indicated at H! is connected in the path of gas supply at a point as near as possible to the entrance of the gas main.
- This controller is provided with a seat l2 adapted for engagement by the closure disk l4 carried on a stem l6 slidably mounted in the body of the flow controller III.
- a helical spring I 8 is normally compressed between the closure disk I4 and the base of the flow controller III and, consequently, urges the closure disk I4 in a direction tending to close the valve and interrupt the flow of gas therethrough.
- the stem I6 is provided with a. detent projection 20 intermediate its length, and at its upper end is enlarged to form a button 22 permitting convenient reset.
- a latch 24 of paramagnetic material engages the detent projection 20 and is pivoted at 26 on the frame of an electromagnetic relay 28 having an operating coil 30.
- the operating coil 30 is connected by a circuit including the gas sensing device 32 with the secondary 34 of a transformer 36 having its primary 38 con nected with the power mains represented by the source 40.
- the gas sensing device 32 employs as its electrically active element a resistor 42 conveniently of the type diminishing in resistance with an increase in temperature.
- resistors may be produced by the firing of mixtures of ferric oxide with other metallic oxides and suitable fluxing agents, and are well known in the art, a considerable variety of them having been described by Becker, Green and Pearson in the November, 1946, issue of Electrical Engineering.
- a suitable catalytic agent which, for illuminating gas, may be platinum sponge or platinum black.
- the assembly comprising resistor 42 and catalyst 44 is surrounded by safety screens 46 and 48 which prevent the propagation of any exothermic chemical reaction induced by the catalyst 44 beyond their confines.
- the utility or this apparatus is not limited to protection against escaping illuminating gas but may, by the selection of suitable catalysts, be applied to interrupt the flow or fluid in any system containing any volatile fluid whose composition is known beforehand, whenever such fluid appears in another system where its presence may be detrimental.
- a flow controller connected between a fluid source and fluid utilizing apparatus, means urging said flow controller toward flow interrupting position, latch means retaining said flow controller in flow permitting position, electromagnetic means for releasing said latch, a
- thermally responsive resistor diminishing in resistance with increase in temperature
- a flow controller connected between a fluid source and fluid utilizing apparatus, a thermally responsive resistor diminishing in resistance with increase in temperature, a catalyst promoting an exothermic reaction 01' vapors of said fluid with the surrounding atmosphere thermally associated with said resistor, means for actuating said flow controller in response to changes in the resistance of said resistor, and means for limiting the propagation of said reaction trom said catalyst.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
y 1950 R M. WALTMAN 2,508,588
PROTECTIVE APPARATUS Filed Jan. 28, 194'? PLATINUM SPONGE, PLATINUM BLACK OR OTHER MATERIAL CERAMIC RESISTOR SAFETY SCRE E N S MANUAL RE-SET RELEASING EI ECTRO MAGNET A PLIANCES ROBERT M. WALTIVIA N Patented May 23, 1950 PROTECTIVE APPARATUS Robert M. Waltman, Towson, Md.,v assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, Baltimore, Md., a corporation of Delaware Application January 28, 1947, Serial No. 724,829
2 Claims.
This invention relates to systems for the distribution of illuminating gas and, more particularly, to protective apparatus for such systems designed to minimize the possibility of asphyxiation and explosion.
Illuminating gas finds a wide variety of applications in dwelling houses at the present time. It is generally piped from an entrance main to the various appliances by suitable piping having a number of elbows and joints. Settling of the dwelling may subject such installations to severe stress, and there may also be present faults and defects in the material of the pipin producing cracks and breaks at unpredictable times. In such event, the occupants of the dwelling are exposed to the danger of asphyxiation and, should the concentration of gas reach a' sufficient level, there further exists the danger of an explosion, which may destroy the dwelling and severely injure or kill the occupants. In addition to these unpredictable sources of gas leakage, it may also occur that appliance burners are supplied with gas without being ignited, or, having been ignited by some means, may be extinguished as by a strong current of air or a temporary interruption of the gas supply.
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide new and novel means for interrupting the gas supply to a structure, should gas leakage occur at any point therein.
It is a further object of the invention to provide new and novel gas sensing apparatus of catalytic type in which provision is made for preventing the propagation of catalytic induced exothermic reaction beyond the confines of a predetermined volume.
Other objects of the invention will in part be described and in part be obvious when the following specification is read in conjunction with the drawing which Portrays schematically a system illustrating the elements of the invention.
A fiow controller indicated at H! is connected in the path of gas supply at a point as near as possible to the entrance of the gas main. This controller is provided with a seat l2 adapted for engagement by the closure disk l4 carried on a stem l6 slidably mounted in the body of the flow controller III. A helical spring I 8 is normally compressed between the closure disk I4 and the base of the flow controller III and, consequently, urges the closure disk I4 in a direction tending to close the valve and interrupt the flow of gas therethrough.
The stem I6 is provided with a. detent projection 20 intermediate its length, and at its upper end is enlarged to form a button 22 permitting convenient reset. A latch 24 of paramagnetic material engages the detent projection 20 and is pivoted at 26 on the frame of an electromagnetic relay 28 having an operating coil 30. The operating coil 30 is connected by a circuit including the gas sensing device 32 with the secondary 34 of a transformer 36 having its primary 38 con nected with the power mains represented by the source 40. The gas sensing device 32 employs as its electrically active element a resistor 42 conveniently of the type diminishing in resistance with an increase in temperature. Such resistors may be produced by the firing of mixtures of ferric oxide with other metallic oxides and suitable fluxing agents, and are well known in the art, a considerable variety of them having been described by Becker, Green and Pearson in the November, 1946, issue of Electrical Engineering. Surrounding the resistor 42 there is a body 44 of a suitable catalytic agent which, for illuminating gas, may be platinum sponge or platinum black. The assembly comprising resistor 42 and catalyst 44 is surrounded by safety screens 46 and 48 which prevent the propagation of any exothermic chemical reaction induced by the catalyst 44 beyond their confines.
Operation The mode of operation of the system is immediately apparent. Normally, the resistor 42 presents a high resistance so that a very small current flows through the operating winding 30. Should gas escape into the atmosphere and diffuse to the region of the gas sensing device 32, an oxidation reaction is induced by the catalyst 44, heating it and the resistor 42 with which it .is
thermally associated. This diminishes the repressing the button 22 driving the stem i6 downwardly to again compress the spring I8, while the sloping portion of the detent projection 20 drives the latch 24 to the right, which slips into locking position after the upper surface of the a,eos,sss
detent projection has passed thereby. The apparatus is now ready for operation in accordance with the previously described cycle.
It is obvious that the utility or this apparatus is not limited to protection against escaping illuminating gas but may, by the selection of suitable catalysts, be applied to interrupt the flow or fluid in any system containing any volatile fluid whose composition is known beforehand, whenever such fluid appears in another system where its presence may be detrimental.
The invention may be embodied in other speeiflc forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced thereby.
What is claimed and desired to be secured by United States Letters Patent is:
1. In combination, a flow controller connected between a fluid source and fluid utilizing apparatus, means urging said flow controller toward flow interrupting position, latch means retaining said flow controller in flow permitting position, electromagnetic means for releasing said latch, a
4 thermally responsive resistor diminishing in resistance with increase in temperature, means connecting said electromagnetic means and said thermally responsive resistor in series with a source or electric energy, and a catalyst promoting an exothermic reaction of vapors of said fluid with the atmosphere thermally associated with said resistor.
2. In combination, a flow controller connected between a fluid source and fluid utilizing apparatus, a thermally responsive resistor diminishing in resistance with increase in temperature, a catalyst promoting an exothermic reaction 01' vapors of said fluid with the surrounding atmosphere thermally associated with said resistor, means for actuating said flow controller in response to changes in the resistance of said resistor, and means for limiting the propagation of said reaction trom said catalyst.
ROBERT M. WALTMAN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 970,122 Schmidt Sept. 13, 1910 1,888,984 Gruss Nov. 29, 1932
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US724829A US2508588A (en) | 1947-01-28 | 1947-01-28 | Protective apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US724829A US2508588A (en) | 1947-01-28 | 1947-01-28 | Protective apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2508588A true US2508588A (en) | 1950-05-23 |
Family
ID=24912084
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US724829A Expired - Lifetime US2508588A (en) | 1947-01-28 | 1947-01-28 | Protective apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2508588A (en) |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2722945A (en) * | 1951-01-20 | 1955-11-08 | George C Gresham | Safety devices for gas systems |
US2735644A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | bishofberger | ||
US2782103A (en) * | 1951-10-12 | 1957-02-19 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Analyzer for gaseous mixtures |
US2817235A (en) * | 1954-03-22 | 1957-12-24 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Temperature measuring system for underground storage cavern |
US2825396A (en) * | 1953-06-22 | 1958-03-04 | Greer Hydraulics Inc | Resistance control valve for fuel injection system |
US2943919A (en) * | 1956-01-20 | 1960-07-05 | Berardi Vincenzo | Device for detecting combustible gas |
DE1128823B (en) * | 1958-10-04 | 1962-05-03 | Heinz Berger | Safety device for gas-heated devices |
US3307613A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1967-03-07 | Honeywell Inc | Control apparatus |
DE1253205B (en) * | 1963-06-01 | 1967-11-02 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Electrical monitoring device for gas firing systems |
US3407646A (en) * | 1965-10-04 | 1968-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corp | Circuit for controlling analysis of automobile exhaust gas |
US3507145A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1970-04-21 | Gen Electric | Indium sesquioxide thin film combustible gas detector |
US3665914A (en) * | 1971-06-16 | 1972-05-30 | Victor M Berger | Fire safety device for electric cooking unit |
US3712327A (en) * | 1971-03-23 | 1973-01-23 | S Pagenkopf | Automatic leak detection and shutoff system |
US3755800A (en) * | 1971-07-15 | 1973-08-28 | Cerberus Ag | Automatic fire alarm device |
US4088465A (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1978-05-09 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for recovering a combustible gas |
US4207912A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1980-06-17 | Kiyotada Ichikawa | Emergency shut-off valve |
US4375353A (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1983-03-01 | Honeywell Inc. | Heater for catalytic type propane or organic gas detector |
FR2582377A1 (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1986-11-28 | Bouzas Fuentetaja Julio | AUTOMATIC CLOSING VALVE IN THE EVENT OF GAS LEAKS |
BE1001873A4 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-04-03 | Dehnen Yves Michel | Servo-valve |
EP0492343A1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-07-01 | ATEX SpA | Low-energy control solenoid valve to shut off gaseous fluids |
US5722448A (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 1998-03-03 | Dourado; Mizael F. | Gas line automatic cut off valve |
US20070281257A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Aos Holding Company | Heating device having a secondary safety circuit for a fuel line and method of operating the same |
US20110197977A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | Haven Limited | Valve system for fluid fuel |
US20120090861A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2012-04-19 | Goodson Mark E | Apparatus and method for detection and cessation of unintended gas flow |
US20230243509A1 (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2023-08-03 | Butterfly Gandhimathi Appliances Limited | Safety knobs for gas cooktops |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US970122A (en) * | 1910-02-02 | 1910-09-13 | Ludwig Schmidt | Automatic gas cut-off. |
US1888984A (en) * | 1926-12-10 | 1932-11-29 | Siemens Ag | Apparatus for the determination of the contents of combustible gases in gas mixtures |
-
1947
- 1947-01-28 US US724829A patent/US2508588A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US970122A (en) * | 1910-02-02 | 1910-09-13 | Ludwig Schmidt | Automatic gas cut-off. |
US1888984A (en) * | 1926-12-10 | 1932-11-29 | Siemens Ag | Apparatus for the determination of the contents of combustible gases in gas mixtures |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2735644A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | bishofberger | ||
US2722945A (en) * | 1951-01-20 | 1955-11-08 | George C Gresham | Safety devices for gas systems |
US2782103A (en) * | 1951-10-12 | 1957-02-19 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Analyzer for gaseous mixtures |
US2825396A (en) * | 1953-06-22 | 1958-03-04 | Greer Hydraulics Inc | Resistance control valve for fuel injection system |
US2817235A (en) * | 1954-03-22 | 1957-12-24 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Temperature measuring system for underground storage cavern |
US2943919A (en) * | 1956-01-20 | 1960-07-05 | Berardi Vincenzo | Device for detecting combustible gas |
DE1128823B (en) * | 1958-10-04 | 1962-05-03 | Heinz Berger | Safety device for gas-heated devices |
DE1253205B (en) * | 1963-06-01 | 1967-11-02 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Electrical monitoring device for gas firing systems |
US3307613A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1967-03-07 | Honeywell Inc | Control apparatus |
US3407646A (en) * | 1965-10-04 | 1968-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corp | Circuit for controlling analysis of automobile exhaust gas |
US3507145A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1970-04-21 | Gen Electric | Indium sesquioxide thin film combustible gas detector |
US3712327A (en) * | 1971-03-23 | 1973-01-23 | S Pagenkopf | Automatic leak detection and shutoff system |
US3665914A (en) * | 1971-06-16 | 1972-05-30 | Victor M Berger | Fire safety device for electric cooking unit |
US3755800A (en) * | 1971-07-15 | 1973-08-28 | Cerberus Ag | Automatic fire alarm device |
US4088465A (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1978-05-09 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for recovering a combustible gas |
US4207912A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1980-06-17 | Kiyotada Ichikawa | Emergency shut-off valve |
US4375353A (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1983-03-01 | Honeywell Inc. | Heater for catalytic type propane or organic gas detector |
FR2582377A1 (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1986-11-28 | Bouzas Fuentetaja Julio | AUTOMATIC CLOSING VALVE IN THE EVENT OF GAS LEAKS |
BE1001873A4 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-04-03 | Dehnen Yves Michel | Servo-valve |
EP0492343A1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-07-01 | ATEX SpA | Low-energy control solenoid valve to shut off gaseous fluids |
US5722448A (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 1998-03-03 | Dourado; Mizael F. | Gas line automatic cut off valve |
US20070281257A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Aos Holding Company | Heating device having a secondary safety circuit for a fuel line and method of operating the same |
US9228746B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2016-01-05 | Aos Holding Company | Heating device having a secondary safety circuit for a fuel line and method of operating the same |
US20120090861A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2012-04-19 | Goodson Mark E | Apparatus and method for detection and cessation of unintended gas flow |
US8905058B2 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2014-12-09 | Goodson Holdings, Llc | Apparatus and method for detection and cessation of unintended gas flow |
US20110197977A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | Haven Limited | Valve system for fluid fuel |
US20230243509A1 (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2023-08-03 | Butterfly Gandhimathi Appliances Limited | Safety knobs for gas cooktops |
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