US282415A

US282415A - van aeldeb

Info

Publication number: US282415A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 1900-07-31

Description

(No Model.) `4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. VAN GELDBR.

GRADI SBPARATOR.

Patented July 31, 1883.

4`Sheets-Sheet3.

` (No ModeL) GRAIN SEPARATQR.

Patented July 31, 1883.

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4 Slmets--Sheet'l 4.

P.- VAN GELDER.

GRAIN SBPARATOR.

Patented July `31, 1883.

(No Model.)l

UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Y rIErEE vAN GELDER, lor soWEEBY BRIDGE, COUNTY or YORK, ENGLAND.

GRAIN-SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming para of Letters Patent No. 282,415, dated July a1, 188s. f Application ala March 2,1883. (No model.) Patented in England July 1s, A. D. issn, No.3,41a

I all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, PIETER vAN GELDER, of Sowerby Bridge, in the county of York, in the Kingdomof England, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Grain- Separators, (for which a patent was granted me in Great Britain on the 18th day of July, 1882, No. 3,415,) of which the following is a specification. Io Myinvention relates to that class of machines used more Vparticularly for removing garlic and other impurities from wheat,whichl consistsessentially, of a revolving cylinder, l

e against which the grain is delivered, provided I5 in its surface with holes or pockets adapted to Atake up and remove from the mass certain classes of seeds or matters, leaving the remainder behind. y Theimprovement relatesmainly to an ini- 2o proved form of the cells or pockets, to the means for presenting grain to the cylinder, and

to means whereby the feeding and delivering devices may be adjusted circumferentially about the cylinder.

Referring to the` accompanying drawings, i

Figure l represents a side elevation of my improved machine. Figs. 2 and 3 are elevations of the same, looking against the opposite end. c

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through one side of n 3o the cylinder. Figs. 5 and 6 are face views of rigid beams or supports, which are to be constructed in any suitable form and of any suit- 4 5 able material, either as a portion of one frame,

or otherwise. Upon the respective beams A are mounted two journal blocks or bearings,

B, designed to give support to opposite` ends of a horizontal cylinder" and its attendant 5o parts.

E represents the cylinder, arranged in a horizontal position and secured upon a central driving-shaft, D, the ends of which are extended through and receive, indirectly, support from the bearings B, the cylinder being free to revolve. The cylinder, which maybe built of wood, metal, or other material in any suitable manner, is provided on its outer surface, with a great number of small holes or pockets,

e. (Clearly represented in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 6o `7.) These cells, of a size corresponding with that of the grains or particles which they are to receive and convey away` from the mass of grain, are made in vertical section, of a form shown in Figs. 4 and 7, their upper walls in- `65 clining graduallybackward into the surface of the cylinder, while their lower edges are eX- tended abruptly outward to the periphery, j preferably with a slight curvature forward in the direction of rotation. .i In other words, the 7o lower edge of the pocket extends inward at e substantially right angles to the circumference ofthe cylinder, while theiupper edge or snrw l face extends inward at a less angle. This construction adapts the pockets to readily receive and retain seeds or otherA particles of proper size, and whichgwill be carried upward therein7 as the cylinder revolves in thedire'ction in dicated by the arrows, without a tendency to roll outward, or escape in a backward direc- 8o tion therefrom. The' gentle inclination at the front or upper edge of the pocket, however, admits of the seeds being readily removed therefrom in a forward direction-that is-to say, in the direction in which the cylinder re` 8 5 l volves. The pockets, of the form represented in Fig. 5, are adapted toreceive and retain cockle or other small seeds, while those represented in Fig. 6 are adapted to receive the wheat. i

Outside of `the cylinder I employ a framework to l carry the feeding and discharging mechanisms constructed in the following man ner: A vertical plate or` frame, C, is mounted e t each end of the cylinder and provided with '9 5 a tubular journal arranged to encircle the central shaft, D, ofthe cylinder, and seated loosely in the corresponding journal box or bearing,

B. Thetubular journals thus arranged serve to sustain the plates C and admit of their re- Ioo volving around the shaft D, and at the same time they serve as bearings for said shaft.

Lengthwise of the cylinder I extend plates C C', secured at their ends firmly to the rocking end plates, C, and constituting, in connection therewith, a frame-work free to rockor tip about the cylinder E, to a limited extent, this frame being designed to give support to the feed-spout and screw, the dischargingbrush, and the delivery-worm. Upon one of the plates C', and extending the entire length of the cylinder, I form or attach a feed-trough, F, having an open side adjacent to the cylinder, in order that the grain received therein may lie in contact with the surface of the cylinder, to the end that those seeds which are to be removed may enter the cells or pockets;

As shown in Fig. 7, the bottom of the feedtrough F is inclined downward toward the surface of' the cylinder to facilitate the flw of grain `toward the same. At its lower side the trough is provided with a lip, f, of -felt or equivalent flexible material, the edge of which is curled upward against the surface of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 7, and 'in operation held in contact therewith by the pressure of the grain above. This construction effectually prevents the escape of the grain between the edge of the hopper and the surface of the cylinder.

The feeding-trough F communicates at one end withan inlet or/feed-spout, Fthrough which the uncleaned grain is delivered into the machine, and communicates at its opposite end with a spout, F, through which the purified grain is discharged. Lengthwse within the feed-trough F, I mount a horizontal shaft, G, bearing at its ends in the end plates, C, and provided through its length with a series of spiral or oblique blades, g, by means of which the mass of grain in the trough is thoroughly agitated, so that each particle may come in contact with the cylinder and be gradually passed through themachine from the head to the tail. The constructionof this agitator and feeder may be modified as regards the details, provided it is adapted to operate with the effect above described. j

Above the feed-shaft G, preferably upon one andthe same shaft, extending lengthwise of the machine, are a series of yielding guardarms, Q, the forward ends of whichV will. rest against or in close proximity to the surface of' the cylinder, in order that they may-'act upon and remove from the cells any large particles which may accidentally lodge therein and be carried upward by projecting therefrom.

It will be understood that the guards will have no effect upon the small grains seated entirely within the pockets, and that their action will be confinedentirely to those which proj ectbcyond the surface of the cylinder.

rIhe guards Q may be of any suitable form and construction, provided only that their operative faces lic in close proximity to the cylinder. It is preferred, however, to construct them of elastic wire in a U form, as represented in Fig. 8, with their outer or rear ends, R', coiled and secured in position, as shown in Fig. 7. It will be understood that there Awill be a sufficient number of .these guards placed sideI by side to extendthe entire length of the cylinder, each free to rise and yield independently of the others.

On the opposite side of the cylinder from the feed-trough, and extending the entire length thereof, I mount a revolving brush, I, the journals of which are seated in the end frames, C. By means hereinafter described this brush is caused to rrevolve and its active surface moved in the same direction as the adjacent surface of the cylinder, but at a higher speed, whereby it is caused to act upon and 'remove from the cells thel s ecds contained therein. The seeds thus removed descend by gravity past the rear side of the cylinder into a trough or receiver, J, located between the lower edges of lthe plates C C, and sustained thereby and by the end plates, C.

The trough J contains a worm or screw, K,

of any ordinary or suitable form, whereby the delivery of the seeds is effected at the end of the machine.

The operation is as follows: The grain to be purified is delivered through the spout F into the trough F, and is distributed lengthwise therein by means of the revolving blades g. rllhe cylinder being set in motion, its surface moves upward past the open side of the feed trough against the side of the mass of grain resting thereon, the grain being agitated so that each and every grain is broughtwith certainty against the surface of the cylinder, the

grain being at the same time gradually moved lengthwise of the cylinder. Those seeds or impurities which the pockets are adapted to receive enter said pockets and are carried upward therein, over the top of the cylinder, and descending on the opposite side, fall from the pockets, or, in the event of their failing so to do, are removed by the action of the brush I, and descend to the bottom spout, J, from which they are delivered by the screw. Those large seeds, if any, which may by chance be retained in the pockets will encounter the guards Q, whereby they will be displaced from the pockets and caused to fall back into the mass below.

' Owing to the wide difference between differvent masses of grain as regards the charac-ter and amount of impurities contained therein, and other circumstances, it is desirable that the position of the delivery-brush I and the height and inclination of the feed-spout with respect to the cylinder shall be susceptible of adjustment to suit the requirements of each case. It is for this purpose, mainly, that the frame supporting said parts is arranged, as before mentioned, to rock or tipy upon the central journals.

It will be observed that the feed-screw, the

roo

IIO

feed-trough,` the brush, and the delivery-spout are all sustained by the end plates, C, and that the rocking motion of these plates will change the position of said parts with respect to the cylinder without changing theirpo'si- Vtions in relation to each other.`

Any suitable means may be employed for rocking the end1` plates or frames, C, and for securing them in different positions-a simple means consisting, as represented in Figs. 2 and 8, of links M, pivoted at m to the supporting-beams A, and provided on their upper ends with slots, through which clamping-bolts a pass into the frames C.

It is obvious that the cells or pockets of the cylinder may be adapted t'o receive the wheat or other grain and remove the same, leaving grain of smaller size, or that they maybe adaptled to receive the small impurities or seeds,

leaving the wheat.

If it be desired to have the machine remove two or more kinds of seed, the surface of the cylinder may be divided transversely into two or more lengths or sections, and the surface of each section provided with cellsadapted to receive a particular kind of seed only. Theresult of this arrangement, which is represented in Fig. l0, will be that the seed in the course4 of its passage lengthwise of the cylinder, will first have one class of seeds removed by one series of pockets, and then be brought opposite a second series of pockets, by which another class of seeds will be removed, and so on repeatedly. v

It is preferred to construct the feed worm or screw of a series of short hubs or sleeves arranged end to end upon-a shaft, and each bearing two or more blades, as shown in Fig. 9, this construction permitting the removal of a broken section and its convenient replacement by another. k

` The present invention is restricted to those matters" and things which are hereinafter claimed, and as to all matters which may be described or shown, but which are not claimed, the right is reserved to make the same the subject of a separate application.

Motion will be ordinarily communicated to the machine through the shaft D of the cylinder kby means `of a pulley or equivalent device connected therewith. For the purpose of imparting motion thence to the other moving parts I adopt the following arrangement The shaft of the brush I is provided at one end with a chain-wheel, L. The shaft of the delivery-screw is provided with aAchain-wheel, L. The feed-shaft G is provided with a pulley, L, and an adjustable-spindle or arbor on one of the end plates, C, -is provided with two united chain-wheels, L, and the main shaft D is provided with a large chain-wheel, LW', as clearly represented in Figsl and 3. A chain, R, (shown `by dotted lines `in Fig. 3,) connects the pulley L of the brush with one of the pulleys, L, and a secondchain, S, (shown in the samedi-gura) passes around the `tion is communicated from the `pulley L on the feed-shaft, and thence beneath the pulley L on the delivery-screw to the starting-pointu It will be seen thatby this arrangement inotion is communicated from the main shaft D, through the npulley L and chain S, to the feed-screw, the delivery-screw, and the pulley L, and that by means of the chain R mopulleys Ll to the brush.

As shown in Fig. 3, the shaft-arbor Z, which sustains the .double pulley L, is mounted in a slot"in the arm C, and secured by a nut-on its inner end, as represented in Fig. l, in order that it may be adjusted laterally. This adjustment of the double pulley is advantageous, in that it permits the chains to be readily applied and placed under proper tension. By removing the respective pulleys and replacing them by others of different sizes the relative speeds of the different members may be varied as required. i A

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In ajgrain-separator, the combination of the cylinder provided with cells or pockets in its surface, a feed-trough extending length- Wise of said cylinder, with .the open side adj acent thereto, and a feeding device, substantially as described, to agitate the mass of grain and effect its movement through the `trough lengthwise of the cylinder.

. 2. Ina grain-separator, the combinationA of the revolving cylinder provided with cells or pockets in its surface, the feed-'trough having an open side adjacent to said surface, and a guard located adjacent to the surface of the IOO cylinder and above the feed-trough, whereby it is adapted to act upon those'seeds which may project from the pockets and effecttheir return to the feed-trough.

3. In combination with the cylinder having the external cells or pockets therein, the feed? trough having the open side adjacent to said; cylinder, and the yielding-guard Q, having its free end located adjacent to the cylinder and above the feed-trough.`

4.-. Ina grain-separator, a cylinder provided IIO with cells in its surface, combined with a feedtrough having an open side adjacent to the surface of the cylinder, and a flexible lip or packing applied to the lower edge ofthe trough and acting against the'surface of the cylinder, substantially as described, whereby the escape of the grain between the cylinder and trough is prevented.

5. The combination, with the cylinder having a cellular surface, of the feed-trough and the flexible lip or packing f, secured to the trough, and having its opposite edge curled .upward against the surface-of the cylinder,as shown.

6. In a grain-separator, in combination with mechanism, substantie lly as described, for de# livering grain to the surface of said cylinder..y and for rotating the same in the direction in-1` dicated, a cylinder having in its surface cells or pockets e, the rear edges of which enter l; ruptly from the periphery, while the forward` edges have a gradual inclination inward, asf shown, whereby the escape of the seed from` the cells in a forward direction is permitted.-

7. In a grain-separator, in combination with Io mechanism, substantially as described, for de- A livering grain to the surface of said cylinder and for rotating the same in the direction indicated, the cylinder having in its surface cells or pockets c, the rear edges of which have an inward and backward curvature, substantially as described and shown, whereby the escape of the grain therefrom is permitted.

8. In a grain-separator, in combination with mechanism, substantially as described, for delivering grain to the surface of said cylinder aud for rotating the same in the direction indicated, a cylinder having in its surface cells e, the rear walls or edges of which are carried slightly inward from the bottom to the surface in a forward direction, while their forward edges have a gentle ascent from the bottom to the surface, whereby the escape of the seed from the rear edge of the cells is prevented, but

f its escape from the forward edge facilitated. 3o 9. In a grain-separator, a cylinder provided at different points in its length with cells or pockets of different size, combined with means, substantially as described, for effecting the movement ofthe grain lengthwise over the sur- 35 face of the cylinder, in contact therewith,

` entially about the said cylinder in the manner and by means substantially as described.

18. In combination with the cylinder having the cellular surface, the rocking frames' C, the feed-trough, the delivery-brush, the delivery- 55 screw mounted in said frames, and means, substantially as described, for locking said frames in different positions.

14. In combination with the. cellular cylinder and the wheel LW', applied to its axis, the 6o revolving frames C, the delivery-brush, the feed-screw andthe delivery-screw mounted in' said frames, and provided with driving-pulleys at their ends, and the driving-chains R S, applied substantially as described.

- PIETER VAN GELDER.

Witnesses:

J. O. OBRIEN,

WM. FAIRBURN HART.