US2822988A

US2822988A - Stationary shredder ring for waste comminuting devices

Info

Publication number: US2822988A
Application number: US460839A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ever J Hammes
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1954-10-07
Filing date: 1954-10-07
Publication date: 1958-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 1975-02-11

Description

Feb. 11, 1958 E. J. HAMMEs 2,822,988

STATIONARY SHREDDER RING FOR WASTE COMMINUTING DEVICES 2 Sheets-Shea? 1 Filed Oct. '7, 1954 E. J. HAMMES Feb. 1l, 1958 STATIONARY SHREDDEIR RING FOR WASTE COMMINUTING DEVICES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed oct. 7, 1954 INVENTOR.

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United States Patent STATIONARY SHREDDER RING FOR WASTE COMMINUTING DEVICES Ever J. Hammes, Racine, Wis.

Application October 7, 1954, Serial N o. 460,839 3 Claims. (Cl. 241-298) This invention relates to a stationary shredder ring for comminuting devices commonly known as garbage' disposal units.

Since the commercial development based on Hammes Patent 2,225,171, numerous commercial devices have adopted the construction therein shown of an inserted hard cutting ring which co-operates with `a rotatable unit to cause comminution of waste material.

The present invention contemplates a shredder ring formed of an unusually hard material and having a design for most effective operation on material which comes in contact with it. The invention -also contemplates a close relationship with the rotor associated therewith to provide most eiiicient cutting in either direction.

It is an object of the invention to provi-de a cutting ring which prevents food waste from merely riding around on the rotor without being acted on by the teeth provided to cut it'into small pieces.

. A further object is the provision of a shredder ring which has a longawearing characteristic and formed of a material liri which'the"'edges`ofthe cutting teeth have capacity for retaining their sharpness in a manner far superior to that of previously used constructions.

Other objects of the invention and details of construction will be evident in the following description and claims.

Drawings accompany the invention, and the various views thereof may be briefly described as:

Figure l, a sectional view of a waste disposal assembly showing the ring and rotor in position.

Figure 2, a bottom view of the shredder ring.

Figure 3, a top view of the shredder ring.

Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, sectional views of the shredder ring on lines 4-4, 5 5, 6--6, and 7-7 of Figure 2.

In the past, the shredder rings for Waste disposal units have been made from forgings or castings which must be subsequently heat treated and machined before use. This heat treating in addition to being an expensive operation has frequently resulted in distortion of the device to make it out of round or out of shape in the direction of the axis, and it has also sometimes resulted in hair-line cracks which, if not detected, later develop into a aw and cause breakage which might result in considerable damage to the complete machine. In fact, in some cases these cracks would develop into an open flaw while the machines were neatly stored ready for shipment.

In the present invention, the shredder ring is cast from the material which produces extremely accurate castings and which is so hard that it must be ground if there are any slight changes necessary in the shape after casting. No heat treating is necessary.

It is preferable that the stresses in the casting be relieved by heating to a temperature of 425 F. for a matter of three or four hours, but no high heats are required and no quenching is required. The castings come out with a Rockwell C hardness of 58 to 64 with a very dense grain structure. In some cases, the stress relieving draw 2,822,988 'Patented Fei). 11, 195s er' 1C@ operation will bring the Rockwell hardness down to Referring to the drawings, the shredder ring is shown to have a cylindrical base portion 10 topped by a frustoconical portionv12. There are actually four series of cutting teeth in the unit. The cylindrical portion has a series of vertically disposed teeth 16 separated by plain wall portions and having a double edge, that is, opposed edges vertically disposed for a cutting operation. Spaces between the teeth form passages for material to pass 'fromv the chamber above the rotor to be later described to the chamber below the rotor A second series of teeth is formed on the inner wall of the frusto-conical section and has three equally divided portions stepped downwardly toward each other indicated at 20, 22 and 24. The tooth face 20 is substantially parallel with the outer wall of the portion 12 while the tooth faces 22 and 24 are substantially parallel with the axis of the ring. y i

The

teeth

20, 22 andy 24 are eight in number and spaced equally around the ring. Av third series of teeth are positioned adjacent the second series andare also eight i,r"1.number.. These teeth are composed of two vertically spaced= portions, one tooth 30 and a second tooth 32. Again, the top tooth 30 has a face substantially parallel with the outer wall of the conical portion whereas the face of the tooth 32 is substantially parallel to the axis, the teeth being arranged in stepped relation as in the previous series.

It will be noted that the shoulder 34 between

teeth

30 and 32 falls axially about the middle of the tooth 22 of the second series described above. A fourth shank tooth 40 illustrated in Figure 5 and also in Figure 2 has a triangular cross section, and the tooth extends parallel to the conical wall portion 12 from the top of the ring to the termination shoulders 42 where terminates all of the top series of teeth and where originates the series of teeth 16.

The ring is preferably formed with an outwardly extending flange portion S0 at the bottom which may be ground subsequent to the casting operation to provide a circular mounting Wall to be received in a supporting housing shown at 60 in Figure 1. The ring is held in place by a top housing 62 and a resilient ring 64 placed against the top of the ring to exert a downward force thereon and also serving to seal the top of the ring with respect to the housing 62.

The shredder ring is used in connection with a rotor 70 described in detail in co-pending application Serial No. 460,840, led October 7, 1954.

It is important that the outer diameter of the rotor have a dimension about 5%6 smaller than the root diameter of the teeth 16 of the lower series. The clearance around the rotor can be .005 to the inner diameter of the teeth. This latter dimension is shown at B in Figure 1. It is important also that the top of the blades 72,

'which are radial ribs on the top of the rotor 70, be spaced In the operation of thedevice, it will be seen that food dumped into the housing 62 will be carried around on the rotor 70 and forced into contact with the various series of teeth described. The teeth are designed to be approximately rectangular in their outer surfaces so that they will cut regardless of which direction the rotor is operating.

The upper portion of the shredder ring, including the teeth 20, 2.2 and 24 and the

teeth

30 and 32 serve ask breakers for the material which will drop down and get cut into smaller and iiner pieces as it is forced between the ring and the teeth 16, which are 36 in number around the lower portion of the ring. The triangular or diamondshaped tooth 40 functions to get the food waste tumbling, that is, to force it away from the side Wall in case it becomes grooved to match thefteeth 20, 22, 24, 30 and 32.

,t will thus be seen that therev isl above described a shredder ring and combination rotor which will provide extremely efiicient cutting in either direction and which is formed of a material which is very resistant to Wear and breakage and corrosion.

rThe cutter ring is especially designed to prevent riding of the material and thus insures as short an operating cycle as possible with any particular quantity of material.

I claim:

l. A stationary shredder ring for use as a comminuting cutter for Waste disposal units which comprises aV frusto'- conical section superimposed integrally on a cylindrical section, each section having a series of internal teeth disposed axially thereof, the teeth in said upper section being approximately one-half in number to the teeth in the lower section and in which the teeth in both sections are axially disposed and provided with circumferentially spaced cutting edges, said upper section having two series of teeth, one with three stepped tooth portions spaced substantially equally throughout the upper section and the other with two spaced tooth sections spaced substantially equally of the upper section.

2. A stationary shredder ring for use as a comminuting cutter for waste disposal units which comprises a frustoconical section superimposed integrally on a cylindrical section, each section having a series of internal teeth disposed axially thereof, the teeth in said upper section being approximately one-half in number to the teeth in the lower section and in which the teeth in both sections are axially disposed and provided with circumferentially spaced cutting edges, said upper section having two series of teeth, one with three stepped tooth portions spaced substantially equally throughout the upper section and the other with two spaced tooth sections spaced substantially equally of the upper section, the upper tooth of each of the stepped series having a tooth face which is substantially frustoconical with relation to the ring, and the lowerteeth of each series having a tooth face which is substantially axial in relation to the ring.

3. A stationary shredder ring for use as a comminuting cutter for waste disposal units which comprises a frusto-conical section superimposed integrally on a cylindrical section, cach section having a series of internal teeth disposed axially thereof, the teeth in said upper section being approximately one-half in number to the teeth in the lower section, the shredder ring being completely formed of a cast nickel chromium white iron having the following components in the proportions indicated, total carbon, 3.00 to 3.60, graphitic carbon, .10 maximum, silicon, .40 to .70, manganese, .40 to .70, sulphur, .15, phosphorous, .40, nickel, 4.00 to 4.75, chromium, 1.40 to 3.50, remainder, cast iron.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,184,058 Watson May 23, 1916 1,973,263 Mitchell et al. Sept. ll, 1934 17,988,910 Merica Jan. 22, 1935 2,322,058 Powers June 15, 1943 2,594,250 Tranbarger Apr. 22, 1952 2,629,558 Miller Feb. 274, 1953 2,682,376 Frank June 29, 1954