US2811237A - Duplicating ribbon attachment - Google Patents

Description

0a. 29, 1957 J c, HOCHMAN 2,811,237

DUPLICATING RIBBON ATTACHMENT Filed Jan. 19, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR .jalz'as afi'ocfimrz 57 BY ATTORN EYS Oct. 29, 1957 J. c. HOCHMAN 2,811,237

DUPLICATING RIBBON ATTACHMENT Filed Jan. 19, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORN EYS United States Patent DUPLICA-TING RIBBON ATTACHMENT Julius C. Hochman, New York, N. 'Y.

Application January'19, 1953, SerialNo. 331,942

21 Claims. (Cl..197-:153)

This invention relates primarily to bookkeeping machines, moreparticularly to the instrumentalities thereof or associated therewith for-producingsimultaneously two or more separate inked.copies.

It is a primary object of .the. invention to render. serviceable any of the various conventional makes :of. bookkeeping machines without-anyalteration whatsoever :in the construction,thereof,:for simultaneously producin'gltwo or more non-smudging inked, typewritten copies of .documents such as journal sheets, ledger cards, bills or the like which would smudge in :the :considerable'zhandling during the normal course of business if made'with .conventional carbon paper.

Another object is to provide means foraccomplishing the above result which may beset or arranged for use withas great orgreater facility than carbon paper, (that .is awkward to .use especially when large .sheets .areJIequired for relatively large ledger cards or journal sheets that may run from 17 inches in length to.30 inches ,in Width) which is more economical than carbon paper, which requires less frequent handling forremoving and .replacing the duplicating element used according to this invention in place of carbon paper and wholly obviates the special precautions and operationsrequired in effecting erasures in thecourse of typing where carbonpaper is used.

Another object is to provide forxaccomplishing ;;the above results, an auxiliary ribbon snpportingattachment or accessory device of simple construction, which :may be securely retained on the machine and which automaticallyexposes continually changing areas of ribbonato type impact and throughout the 'use thereof, automatically maintainsthe ribbon insufficiently taut condition fortbest service.

Another object is to provide anzauxiliaryribbon'holder of the above type from which the ribbon. may :be'readily removed and upon which the ribbon may be rearranged for utilizing fresh areas thereof, or a new-ribbon affixed by simple manipulation without danger of smudgin'g the fingers.

Another object is to provide a ribbon frame of the above type, which may be formed substantially solely from metal stampings, which in use may :be readily applied upon the machine, without'resortto' :tools, .or

skilled or time consuming fastening manipulation :and which may as readily be removed from the machine, which co-ordinates with the, parts of the machine .automatically to assure proper co-relation for effective use, which does not interfere with the normal operation :of .the paper clamps, bail ortother paper holding means or'the line spacer, and which is free from interference with the primary ribbon mechanism.

.Another object .is to provide frames .of the :above type which readily admit of the use .of more than .one ribbon on a single ribbon carrying element or the use of more than one'ribbon-carrying element forsthetpreparation simultaneously of vmore .than .one' inked :typewritten copy inaddition-to the single typewritten copy for which the bookkeeping machine is designed.

Another object is to provide a deviceiofithe aboveltype for use with front feed-type bookkeepingmachines, that makes collated form insertion faster and more accurate than when conventional :carbon paper is: used with such machine.

Another-object is to:provide a device of the above. type that .may be readily :adjusted so .as :to Ifit between .the component elements of .a bookkeeping machine.

Another object'is' to .provide'ta ribbon holder of :the above type which in: operativeiposition-will :retain 'azr ibbon thereon. so as to. afford :substantially .complete I visibility of the paper immediately therbelow,

It is among the .objects to provide .a holder :of1the above type whichrperforms one:or;more;of: the/following functions: (a) .so-to retainsasribbonithat 'the type heads willv strike near its top edge rand:therebyaffordcomtilete visibility .of .the .typedl :line ".upon rotation 'of the platen :one. space, (b)':to afford :visibilitytof :certain iportionsuof the line, while-still pemnittingtypingzatsthe other r ibbon coveredportions, without loss :of:1ihbon Ltensiontanii 3(a) to afford complete utilization of therest :iof theiibbon upon .end to :endreversal of=1he ribbon. .on .said :holder and thereby permit nitilization :of :its. entire v.effectivearea.

.A. feature. ofthe linventioniis (the =nsevofsaniopeniframe, carrying .one .or :more :ribbons and so constructed .that it becomes inherently .coordinated with.a conventional bookkeeping machine .whenisimply'positioned near the platen, thereby serving ;to:imprint. additional inked copies,

:the frame with. its carried :ribbons being .free :for :shifting -:ing arms oftheframe :imsuch:manuer-asrnormally tonurge a .ribbonthereon away from :theplaten :in-orderto facilitate insertion .and positioning of two front fed forms one in front of and .one behind the -ribbonand in front of the platen of a front feedthroattype machinelexemplified by the -well known National Cash Register class. 3000 Bookkeeping .Machine and automatically to position said ribbon adjacent said platen when the front feed throat -is closed.

This :applicationsisa .continuation-in-part-of mycopending application Serial No. 37,748 filedJuly 9,11948, and. issued. as Patent. No..-2,626,035 .onJanuary 20,. 1953.

In the accompanying drawings in which are shownone or more of various possible embodiments of thetseveral features of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a. fragmentary transverse :cross sectional view in closed position-:of .an open throat type bookkeeping machine with va .two .rihbon auxiliary .ribbon attachment to mount the ribbon holder. the stop 41 serves to limit the outward pivotal movement of said holder 42.

slightly separated, more clearly to show the details of construction,

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary detail view of the pivotal mount of the ribbon holder,

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary detail view of the pivoted ribbon holder,

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of another embodiment, for use with machines in which the typing is performed from beneath the platen and in which free access to the platen is obstructed by carriage elements, and

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary transverse cross sectional view of the device shown in Fig. l0 mounted on a machine.

Referring now to the drawings, the device shown in Figs. 1 to 8 is especially designed for use with bookkeeping machines, illustratively of the front feed throat type such as that sold by the National Cash Register Company, to make entries as, for example, on a statement sheet, a ledger sheet and a journal sheet.

As is diagrammatically shown in Figs. 1 and 2, such machine desirably comprises a platen 11 having a bail rod 12 associated therewith that carries rollers 13 and a rod 14' which extends longitudinally of the platen upon which the ribbon frame 29 shown in Fig. 3 may be removably mounted.

Associated with the platen 11 is a front plate 15, usually of lucite or other transparent plastic and a paper table 16, said paper table 16, said platen 11 and said plate 15 being movable from the closed operating position of the machine shown in Fig. 1 to the open or form insertion or removal position shown in Fig. 2.

The ribbon frame shown in Fig. 3, to be used in conjunction with such bookkeeping machine, desirably comprises a spring metal angle bar 21 having lengths 26 and 24 at right angles to each other and of length nearly equal to that of the platen 11. Bar 21 desirably has parallel arms 22 affixed as by rivets 23 to the ends thereof or formed integral therewith if desired, said arms extending at right angles to bar 21.

In the illustrative embodiment herein, the root portion 22' of each arm 22 is bent outward at its extremity to define a lug 25 which fits snugly against the portion 26 of bar 21, protrudes beyond its longitudinal edge and the outer extremity of said lug is reversely bent to form a spring clip member 27 with an upturned end 28. The

root portion 22 of each arm 22 also has an outwardly bent lug 29 adjacent the clip 27 and spaced slightly therefrom, the outer part of said lug 29 being bent downward to extend parallel to portion 24 of angle bar 21.

The outer portion of each arm 22 is desirably curved as at 23 generally to conform to the curvature of the platen 11.

Each of the arms 22 may be tapered as at 30 along the outer edge thereof from the beginning of the curved portion 23 as at 31 to near'the end thereof as at 32 (Figs. 3 and 6) so that the width of the arms progressively decreases.

Each arm 22 may have at its end an extension 35 directed laterally outward and transversely aligned upstanding ears 36, 37 are desirably formed respectively at the extremity of extension 35 and the inner edge 38'of the arm 22, each ear having an opening therethrough. In addition, each arm at the end thereof has a reversely bent stop 41 positioned substantially midway between the ears 36 and 37.

A pivoted ribbon holder 42, desirably comprises a strip of resilient spring metal reversely bent at 43 and curved to conform generally to platen 11. Theholder 42 desirably has laterally extending studs 44, preferably formed integral with and at the ends of its reversely bent end 43, said studs fitting into the openings in ears 36, 3'7 pivotally As shown in Figs. 3 and 6 The pivotal axis of ribbon holder 42 is preferably in- :..clined inwardly, which may readily be accomplished in -'the ribbon due to slight bowing of bar 21.

of the fact that thepivotal axis of ribbon holders 42' 'are inclined inwardly and as ribbon 63 will be under considerable tension, the ribbon holders 42 will normally any of a plurality of ways and as shown in Fig. 8, preferably by making the opening in outer ear 36 further from the surface of arms 22 than the opening in ear 37.

The outer ply 45 of ribbon holder 42 extends upwardly beyond the inner ply 46 to afford a closing lever 47, the free end 48 of which is curved inwardly slightly as shown. The inner ply 46 as shown in Fig. 9 is of reduced width near its free end which is substantially rectangular in shape as at 49 and has a ribbon retaining or lock shoulder 51 integral with its outer edge.

The outer ply 45 desirably has a ribbon guarding arm 52, extending laterally outward from its outer edge 53, which is bent inwardly slightly as at 54, said arm extending slightly beyond and over the rectangular ribbon holding portion 49 of inner ply 46.

A second or journal sheet ribbon holder 55 is provided, desirably comprising a substantially L-shaped member of thin resilient spring metal. One'arm 56 of holder 55 may extend transverselyacross the curved portion 23 of arm 22 to which it isatfixed as by rivets 57. The other arm 58 of the holder 55 is relatively narrow in width and of stiffness less than arm 22, is curved to conform substantially to the platen and extends along the outer edge 30 of arm 23 toward its free end. The free end of arm 58 is reduced in width and is substantially rectangular in shape as at 61 and has a ribbon retaining or lock shoulder 62 integral with its outer edge.

The guard arm 52 of outer ply 45 is so positioned that when moved against ribbon holder arm 58 it will be aligned with and project outward beyond the rectangular ribbon holding portion thereof.

Ink-impregnated ribbons 63 and 64 are positioned on the ends 49 and 61 of ribbon holder 42 and 53 respectively. Each of the ribbons desirably has end tabs 65 preferably of impervious fabric afiixed thereon as shown in Fig. 4 with slits 66 and 67 therein through the tab and the ribbon which may extend parallel to the length of the ribbon and may be of equal length to be accommodated upon the ends 49 and 61. It is of course to be understood that were the ribbon ends appropriately impregnatedor coated to sti'nen them sufliciently, the tabs 65 could be eliminated and the slits 66 and 67 through the ribbon alone could accommodate ends 49 or 61.

In mounting the ribbon upon the frame, the application of the tabs over the ends 49 results in tension of By reason and automatically pivot away from the arms 22 as is clearlyshown in Fig. 3.

The application of the tabs over the ends 61 of arms 58 also results in tension on the ribbon 64, the arms 58 yielding slightly and maintaining such tension without substantially affecting the tension on ribbon 63.

As the distance between the outer edges of the slits in the ribbon is shorter than the distance between the outer edge of the ribbon attaching ends 49 and 61, the lock shoulders 51 and 62 respectively will snap under the outer ends of top slits'66 when installed, thereby securely retaining the ribbons in place yet permitting ready removal when desired. l

The frame 20 above'described is'installed with the spring clip portion 27 and hanger lug 29 straddling rod 14, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The frame will thus pivot around rod 14 to bring the arms 22 in contact with the platen with the upper portions of the ribbons 63 and 64 along the typing liner v The curvature of arm22 permits the bail rod 12 to take its proper position, with its rollers 13 in firm contact with the journal sheet I.

As the ribbon carryingjframe is hung on supporting rod 14, the frame'is free' to" move horizontally along the platen, in response'to such 'forces as those of momentum and inertia, generated during normal carriage movement in typing and in carriageztabulation; ii ffiferably this movement-of the framealong-1111csplatentis limited to a distance equal .to-approximately one -:,type space, the movement being preferably con t.rolled Iby spaced collars (not shown) mounted onrod ,-14=for abutment by clips 27. A somewhat lesseramount of vertical movement of the ribbon, .with respect to the line of type impact may also be provided by making .the interior of said clips 27 in which the rod Mrests, slightly 'wider than the diameter of said rod.

With the machine in open .throat position as shown in Fig. .2 and the transparent plate pivoted away from the platen 11, the ribbon holders42 by virtueofthe inward inclination of their pivotal axes, willhave auto matically pivoted outwardly away from arms 22 by reason of the force exerted by the bowed resilient frame against its tensed ribbon v63), lever 47 pressing against plate 15.

As ribbon 64 on arms .58 .remains in juxtaposition to the platen 11 against the journal sheet I .thereonand asribbon 63 will be spacedfrom the platenll and from the front plate 15 as is shown in Fig. 2, it is arelatively simple matter to position a statement form 8 and a ledger form L which, if desired, may be previouslycollated, so that the ledge form L is between ribbons 63 and 64 and the statement form S is betweenplate 15 and ribbon 63.

As the plate 15 is moved from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in 'Fig. l,.'it will push .lever.47 inward and pivot the ribbon holders 42 to operative position so that ribbon 63 will be moved to close proximity to ribbon 64. When the type head (not shown) strikes against the primary ribbon (not shown) it willimprint the statement form as usual and through ribbons 63 and 64 cause a similar ink imprint to be made on theledger form and the journal sheet.

The successive movements of the .platenafter ,each depression of the type key will cause the ribbon frame 21 to move-both with the platen and-independently on the platen and hence expose 'fresh areas of the ribbon to the type heads.

By reason of the slightly inturned end-54 of arm 52 which covers the tab end of the ribbons,-such tab ends will not catch in the machine and 'jamming is:avoided.

The embodiment shown in Figs. 10 and 11 is-especially for use with a machine in which free access to the platen is prevented by obstructing rods, as in the Burroughs Bookkeeping Machine which has-a platen7-1, apair'of rods 72 and 73 and a third rod 74 all extending longitudinally thereof. It is difiicult to insert a ribbon frame with rigid arms so curved astofit-the :platen, past-such obstructing rods and for the curved armsandthe ribbon to pass between rods73 and Hand the platen and lie flush with the underside of the platen as is shown in solid lines in Fig. 10.

To facilitate installation of the ribbon :frame, :frarne76 comprises a spring metal angle bar 77 of :length nearly equal to that of the'platen'71 and parallel arms 78 of spring steel extending at right angles thereto. That. portion 81 of each arm which is below angle bar/76 is curved to conform -to the platen 71. Each portion :81, preferably at its inner edge, has an upstanding stop 82. The arms 78 desirably are affixed to angle ,bar 77 as by rivets and conform in shape at such afiixed end to. said bar 77. Preferably integral with arm Hand-extending rearwardly therefrom as shown in Fig. 10-is attachment arm 85, the free end of which is reversely bent asgat 86. Arm 85 has a longitudinal slit 87 which extends through the reversely bent portion 86 thus forming a wider hanger 88 ,at one side of the slit and a narrower spring clip 89 at the opposite, side, the end 91 of theclip .beingcurved slightly as shown. Although arms 78 and .angle bar 76 are shown as separate members, it isuo'f course tobe understood that they could beformed "frornbut a single piece.

At-bothedgesof the end ofcurvedportionxSI of each arm 78 are upstanding aligned ears -92, and93. Atribbon holder -94'has integral pivots =95 at itsmountedendyextendingrespectively through openings in'ears 92 and-93 securely ,yetpivotally to retain the ribbon holder 94 on arm 78.

The free end 960f ribbonholder 94'is substantiallythe same as the end 4190f arm 46-shownin Fig. -9-which has been previously described in detail.

Ribbon 98 is installed'upon'the ends 96 of .ribbon holder 94in the mannertpreviously described. To-mount the frame above described, on the machine, thesribbon .98-must-bepassed:between-bar 74 and'theplaten 71. This would be difficult if not impossible -to accomplish, were the ribbon holders 94;,integral..with the arms 78-or permanently affixed in the positionshown' in full lines-in Fig.

11, byreason of the limited space. available formanipulation, and the-obstructing presence of the pair of r igi'dibars .73 and 74.

By reason of-itstpivotal connection to arm 78, the'ribbon holder 94 can .be 'moved'to the position-shown in to rotate, .and movable to limited extent independently thereonas previously described.

Bythe .use of the devices ,hereinabove described, du-

plicate inked copies may be made-on a bookkeeping machine. without the need for carbon paperthat isrelatively costly and short-lived, slow and diflicult to handle and smudges the hands of the user and-the forms being-typed .and loses its .legibility by further smudging with each handling of-the finished form.. a

The ribbons herein utilized, enable erasures tobe made by .simply turning the platen .to expose the erroneous entry beyond the ribbon. As thereis no duplicating medium such as-carbon paperbeneath the erroneously typed character, it can be erased without theprecautions needed when-carbon paper isused. Thus, the speed of correcting is considerably enhanced.

The term bookkeeping machine as used hereinisnot limited to machines that record as'such, numerical'accountingentries, but embraces within itsscope,.other machines in which the attachment hereindisclosed has utility,

among which are punch card controlled tabulators, typewriters or computers.

Although the device shown in-Figs. l' to 9 utilizes two ribbons, it is-of course tobe understood thata singleribbon or a greater number of ribbons could be utilized. In

operations-where two front fed forms only are used, with no need of a journal sheet ribbon, .the arms 58 may :be omitted. In operations .where only: a journal sheet ribbon is required,.a much simpler form of attachment, as shown in said Patent No. 2,626,035, issued January V20, .1953 may beused. Similarly, the deviceshown in Figs. 10 and 11 could utilize a pluralityof ribbons mounted upon the samerarms.

As shown in dot and dashlines at 60 .on :Fig. 4, .the ribbon may be cut away atone ormorerregionsalongrits typing ,edge to disclose to view certain'parts of the line being typed,..as for instance, at certain columns on the journal sheet. Such cut-away area does not detractfrorn the efficacy with which the ribbon ismounted and re-' tained undertension. Nor will theribbon ravelif such areas are cut away by the ultimate user to-suit his-purpose,

since theimpervious backing on theribbon that serves to 7 prevent offset effectively retains the component strands of the ribbon in position.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope of the claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A ribbon carrier for a front feed bookkeeping machine of the type including type keys, a carriage having a platen and a rigid rod above and spaced from said platen and extending longitudinally thereof; said ribbon carrier comprising a unitary resilient U-shaped frame including a horizontal bar and end arms extending substantially at right angles thereto, ribbon holding means pivotally connected to the ends of said arms, and unitary means on said frame resiliently to grip said rod releasably to suspend the frame with its arms in front of said platen, said arms being of length such that the pivot of the ribbon holding means is below the line of writing of the machine, whereby the ribbon may pivot to a position substantially in the sheet insertion plane of the machine.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 in which said arms and said ribbon holding means are of lengths such that the upper half of a ribbon spanned therebetween will be struck by the type keys, whereby the last line of writing will become visible when the platen advances by a single space. V

3. An auxiliary ribbon carrier for a bookkeeping machine of the open throat type including a platen having a bail rod, a carriage rod, an insertion guide plate pivotally mounted on said machine in front of said platen extending longitudinally thereof, and movable from open to closed position, said carrier comprising a frame including a longitudinal bar and end arms extending therefrom, means on said frame coacting with said carriage rod to suspend the frame in front of such platen, ribbon holding means on each of said arms for releasable attachment thereto of the ends of a ribbon, and a second ribbon holding means near the end of each of said arms for releasable attachment thereto of the ends of a second ribbon, said second holding means having a mount below the writing line of the machine to permit movement toward and away from said first holding means, between said platen and said insertion guide plate.

4. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which the means on said frame to suspend it in front of said platen comprises a resilient clip at the upper end of each end arm, engaging-and clasping said carriage rod.

5. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which each of said first ribbon holding means comprises a resilient arm afiixed to, having a portion spaced laterally from and extending substantially parallel to and weaker than the outer edge of the associated end arm, whereby said first ribbon will be maintained taut, without substantially affecting the tension of said second ribbon.

6. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which each of said first ribbon holding means comprises a substantially L-shaped member of resilient spring metal having one leg extending transversely across the associated end arm and affixed thereto and its other leg spaced laterally from and extending substantially parallel to the outer edge of the associated end arm, said spaced leg having means near the free edge thereof for mounting the respective ends of a ribbon to be spanned therebetween.

7. The combination set forth in claim 6 in which said ribbon holding leg is of lesser stiffness than that of the associated arm.

8. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which lever means are associated with said second ribbon supportiii) 8 ing means and adapted to be engaged by such insertion guide plate when the latter is moved to closed position to move said second ribbon supporting means and the ribbon thereon to operative position. 7

- 9. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which said second ribbon holding means is pivotally connected at one end to the end of said end arm.

10. The combination set forth in claim 9 in which stop means are associated with each of said end arms to limit the outward movement of the associated pivotally connected ribbon holding means, whereby the outward movement of said second ribbon is limited to a position in which it is spaced from the insertion guide plate with its width substantially parallel to the insertion guide plate.

ll. The combination set forth in claim 9 in which the pivotal axis of each said second ribbon holding means is inclined inwardly, whereby the tension of a ribbon spanned therebetween will normally urge it away from said end arms.

12. As an article of manufacture, an auxiliary ribbon holder for a bookkeeping machine, said holder comprising a frame including a longitudinal bar and end arms extending angularly therefrom, means for releasable attachment of said frame to such machine, ribbon holding means on each of said arms for releasable attachment of the ends of a ribbon to be spanned therebetween, and a reversely bent member pivotally connected at its reversely bent end to the end of each of said end arms, said member having an inner ply and an outer ply, said inner ply defining a second ribbon holding means for releasable attachment thereto of the ends of a ribbon to extend between said second ribbon holding means, said reversely bent member extending over said first ribbon holding means and movable toward and away therefrom.

13. The combination set forth in claim 12 in which the outer ply is of greater length than the inner ply and extends beyond the latter to define a lever.

14. The combination set forth in claim 12 in which each of said end arms base pair of transversely aligned ears near its free end and the reversely bent end of said member is pivotally mounted by said ears.

15. The combination set forth in claim 12 in which a reversely bent strip extends from the free end of each end arm and defines a stop for the associated pivotally mounted reversely bent member to limit its outward movement.

16. The combination set forth in claim 12 in which each of said first ribbon holding means comprises a substantially L-shaped member of resilient spring metal having one leg afiixed thereto and its other leg spaced laterally from the associated end arm and extending substantially parallel to the outer edge thereof, the ribbon being attached to the free end of said other leg, and said reversely bent member has an arm extending laterally outward from the outer ply thereof substantially aligned with the ribbon holding end of said other leg.

l7.'The combination set forth in claim 16 in which theouter edge of said lateral arm extends inwardly.

18. An auxiliary ribbon carrier comprising a frame including a longitudinal bar and end arms unitary therewith and extending angularly downward therefrom, hinge elements substantially on the free ends of said end arms, and ribbon carrying members hingedly connected to Said hinge elements and extending upward from the ends of said arms.

19. An auxiliary ribbon carrier comprising a frame including a longitudinal bar with end arms unitary therewith and extending angularly downward therefrom, a ribbon carrying member substantially rigid with each .of said arms intermediate the length thereof, said ribbon carrier members being adapted to mount the ends of a first ribbon spanning the interval therebetween,

hinge elements substantially on the free ends of said end arms and ribbon carrying members hingedly connected to said hinge elements and adapted to mount a second ribbon spanning the interval therebetween to extend substantially parallel to such first ribbon.

20. An auxiliary assembly of ribbon and carrier therefor, for use with a bookkeeping machine of the type having a platen and a bar above said platen, said carrier comprising a frame including a longitudinal bar and end arms extending angularly therefrom, each having an outer free end, hinge elements on said free ends, ribbon carrying members hingedly connected to said hinge elements and extending upward from the ends of said arms, a ribbon connected to the hinged ribbon carrying members, and means for releasably engaging said carrier with said bar, said carrier when engaged with said bar maintaining the ribbon along the writing line of the machine.

10 21. The combination set forth in claim 20, in which the ribbon has a notch along the upper edge to expose to view the typing line.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,548,217 Sherrod Aug. 4, 1925 2,083,446 Hochman June 8, 1937 2,098,368 Ziegler Nov. 9, 1937 2,226,863 Hochman Dec. 31, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS 749,626 France July 27, 1933 411,031 Great Britain May 31, 1934 428,199 Great Britain May 8, 1935

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