US2811146A

US2811146A - Charge forming device

Info

Publication number: US2811146A
Application number: US430960A
Authority: US
Inventors: Spillmann Walter
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1954-05-19
Filing date: 1954-05-19
Publication date: 1957-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 1974-10-29

Description

Oct. 29, 1957 w. SPILLMANN 2,811,146

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed ma 19, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

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Oct. 29, 1957 w. SPlLLMANN CHARGE FORMING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheei 2 Filed May 19, 1954 INV EN TOR.

Oct. 29, 1957 w, sPlLLMANN 2,811,146

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed May 19, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 29, 1957 w. SPILLMANN 2,811,146

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed May 19, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 United States Patent CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Walter Spillmann, Cordoba, Argentina Application May 19, 1954, Serial No. 430,960 Claims. (Cl. 12325) The present invention relates to a charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines and more particularly it relates to such a device as described in my copending application Serial No. 384,784, filed April 14, 1953, now abandoned and of which the present case is a continuation-in-part application.

More particularly the present invention relates to a charge forming device of the type supplying steam formed from water, or vapor from alcohol or a mixture of both, to the fuel, in order to obtain a better output as to the power supplied by internal combustion engines.

Hitherto several types of device have been provided for that purpose amongst which some are directly connected to the exhaust manifold by means of tubing coiled about said manifold for not only vaporizing a liquid but for converting the liquid into steam or vapor so that a greater quantity of the liquid in the form of hot vapor or steam is ordinarily employed than required. Valves have been employed in connection with such devices in attempting to control the quantity of such steam or vapor admitted to the combustible mixture but such regulation has been ineffective because of the fact that the operator of a car cannot always determine from a mere inspection of the operation of the engine whether the proper quantity of the vapor or steam is being used for a particular operation of the engine.

Later on it has been intended to control the water and/or alcohol supply by means of the exhaust gases, which has however the drawback that the control is not carried out by the demanding factors of the engine, that is to say what the engine requires next, but by the performed factors, that is to say what the engine has already performed in foregoing cycles.

In all of these known embodiments the steam or vapor is produced in a boiler wherein a regular large quantity of water and/ or alcohol is housed and which boiler is heated by means of the exhaust gases. This procedure has two important drawbacks, of which the first is that the production of vapor or steam cannot be controlled and even if the engine has been stopped said vapor or steam production carries on for a while, and consequently in many embodiments water will condense in the cylinders whilst the engine is inoperative. In order to overcome this difficulty, valve arrangements have been proposed which however is a rather poor solution in that if the valve arrangement becomes injured the cylinder will be damaged. The second drawback is that this type of embodiment becomes only operative once the boiler starts to produce the required amount of vapor or steam, which always is after a certain time the engine has been started.

A further feature of these known embodiments is that if a mixture of water and alcohol is used, the vapors have not constantly the same proportion of alcohol and water due to their difierent distilling points. This drawback can only be overcome if instead of a boiler a substantially instantaneous evaporator is used, as herein proposed, and as will be later seen.

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Still a further drawback of these known arrangements is that the steam of vapor supplied is usually connected to the intake manifold so that when the engine should deliver a large amount of power and consequently requires a large amount of fuel only a relatively small amount of water'and/ or alcohol steam or vapor, respectively may simultaneously enter the cylinders with the fuel; and if on the other hand the engine should deliver only a small amount of power and thus requires only a small amount of fuel, a large amount of water and/or alcohol steam or vapor, respectively, will enter the cylinders. This inverse relationship between fuel supply and water and/or alcohol steam or vapor supply is precisely the opposite of what is really suitable.

In the course of the following description the water I and/ or alcohol liquid will be called anti-knock liquid and the water steam, alcohol vapor or water and alcohol vapor will be indistinctly called anti-knock vapor. Furthermore it is understood that the anti-knock liquid or vapor is not only an anti-knock agent but also a general improver with regard to the engines output as stated at the beginning of this specification.

Bearing in mind the foregoing drawbacks a charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust pipe has been conceived, comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a constant level reservoir having a bottom and connected to said tank, level control means in said reservoir adapted to control the flow of said anti-knock liquid from said tank into said reservoir and the anti-knock liquid level in said reservoir, a discharge conduit connected to said bottom and having a discharge duct including at least a portion located substantially above the normal liquid level determined by said level control means, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer associated in heat exchange relationship with said exhaust pipe of the engine, said vaporizer chamber being further connected to said discharge duct and said air intake of said carburator.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a charge forming device where the internal combustion engine is able of demanding from the charge forming device the exact amount of anti-knock vapor in accordance with the power which the engine shall deliver in each stroke. In other Words, the larger the power required and consequently the amount of fuel supplied, the larger the amount of anti-knock vapor will be, that is to say a direct relationship."

Another object is to provide a charge forming device where the required amount of anti-knock vapor is substantially instantaneously vaporized at the moment the engine requires it, so that as a consequence there is no evaporation out of time and consequently it is not possible that water condenses in the cylinder and furthermore since the evaporation is substantially instantaneous there is no dissociation or disproportion between alcohol and water, in case such a mixture is used, and therefore the proportion of these two ingredients of the anti-knock vapor remains stable.

Still another object is to provide a charge forming device where the anti-knock vapors will be supplied to the internal combustion engine through the air intake ofthe carburator so that fuel will mix with the mixture of vair and anti-knock vapors. I v

A further object is to provide a chargeforming device which is so constructed that when the engine runs idle =no. anti-knock liquid will be normally supplied to'the vaporizer and consequently no anti-knock vapor will'be supplied to the engine. 7 V V V Still another object is to provide a cha'rge forming d'e v vice which will immediately operateupon startingthe car,

2,811,146 Patented Oct. 29, 1957 since the vap fizr is heated to vaporizing temperature whilstthe engine runs idle.

Another object is to provide a charge forming device of simple structure and a minimum of movable mechanisms. 7

Still a further object is to provide a charge forming device whichmay be adapted to the existing engines without equiring to modify parts or said engine.

' These and further objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent during the course of th'e'followingdescription in which by way of example several embodimentshave been shown.

In the" dr wings: 7

. Fi'g'urel is a perspective view of aninternal combustion engine'of thejtype used in automobiles and to which a charge formingdvice iI'1 'a'cco'1-dance with a first embodimerit of tnepresent invention, has been applied to.

Figure 2 is a'side elevation, partially in section of the charge foirningdevice" shown in Figure 1.

Figure" 3 is: alongitudinal section ofthe constant level reservoir Withthe and-knock liquid level below the normal level and the contr'ol valve open.

Figure 4 is a perspective view, partially in section, of a second embodiment of an anti-knock vapor connecting element fo'f'the' air intake of the carburator.

v Figure 5 is a side elevation partially in section, showing the anti-knock vapor connecting element applied to anlairfilt'er and air intake of a carburator.

Figure 6 i s a perspective view of a second embodiment of a substantially instantaneous vaporizer.

"Figure7 is a side elevation, partially in section, of said vaporizer shown in Figure 6, as applied to the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine (not shown).

Figure 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment: of a constant level reservoir. 7

Fig'ure9 is a plan view of Figure 8.

Figure" 10is'a' longitudinal section of the constant level reservoir shown in Figure 8 as applied to an anti-knock liquid tank. 7

As maybeseen in Figure 1', wherein a rough sketch of an internal combustion engine 1 has been shown which however is considered for the purpose of this invention, a charge forming device in accordance with the" present invention is applied thereto and comprises an anti-knock liquid tank 2 suitablvsupported by a bracketli' on wall 4; aconstant level reservoir 5 suitably supportedby its bracket 6 also for instance on wall 4 and connectedto's'a'i d anti=knock liquid tank 2 by means of supply pip'e'7 and to a substantially instantaneous vaporizer 8'by means of feeding pipe 9. An anti-knock vapor'pipe'l'llconnects the vaporizer 8 to the air intake of the carburator 11, in this particular embodiment to the to'pof the air-filter 12, as will be later more specifically seen.

' The'vap'orizer' 8 isin heat exchange relationship with the exhaust pipe"13*connected to the exhaust manifold 14. Forpurposes of orientation the inlet manifold has been identified with reference numeral 15.

- Analyzing now-more particularly the structural details ofithecha'rge forming device herein above referred toandwith"reference to'Figure 2 it may be seen that the'anti-knockliquid tank 2 comprises a top 16 with a charge opening 16 and a cover 17 and also a bottom 18 witha discharge opening 18" to which one end of said supply pipe 7"is connected.

The constant level reservoir 5' comprises a container 1 9With"a'lid"20having a nipple 21 (see also Figure 3) to which the other end of said supply pipe 7 is connected. 'Fhe nipple 21 is"connected to a valve seat 22 defined in" saidli'd 20 a'nd further defining a conical valve spac 23 witlr its=apex directed towards said nipple 21. 'lihefbaseiportionzot'said valve space 23 is delimited by a valve head supporting plate 24 having perforations 245 andssupported 'by. said lid.- Inside said valve space 23 a; conicalvalve=:.head:25 is (housed; integral 1 with a valve "container-19. Obviouslythe-apex-of the valve "head 24 is so arranged in the valve space 23 that it may close the connection between the anti-knock liquid tank 2 and the inner of the container 19, as shown in Figure 2, and as will be later explained.

Inside container 19 a float 27 is housed, which when the anti-knock liquid reaches a certain level higher than that shown in Figure 3 and lower thanthat shown in Figure 2, enters in contact with the free end 26' of valve stem 26 and as the. liquid level risesthe valve stem 26, valve head 25 will be pushed upwardly until finally closing the connection'with anti-knock'liquid tank 2, as shown in Figure 2. H V

A discharge conduit 28 is formed in the side wall 39 of container 19 and connects the inner bottom portion of container 19 with a discharge duct 29 located at such a height of the container 19 that it is in functional relationship with the level control means formed by valve arrangement 22 to 26 and float 27. In fact, the length of valve stem 26 is such that valve head 25 will close the connection with tank 2 when the liquid level in reservoir 19 is slightly below discharge duct 29, as shown in Figure 2, so that the anti-knock liquid will not be able to flow by gravity into vaporizer 8 through feeding pipe 9.

A needle valve arrangement 30 enables to set the flow ratio from the container 19 towards the vaporizer 8, as will be later seen. As such, the needle valve arrangement 30 is well known in the art and therefore it is considered that 'no specific description thereof is necessary for understanding the present invention.

It is obvious that the discharge conduit 28 may as well be arranged inside or outside container 19 and that the needle valve arrangement 30 may be substituted by any other known flow control, or may not be supplied at all, if the device is to be constructed for one typeof engine only.

The feeding pipe 9 isconnected to the discharge duct 29 at one end and to inlet nipple 31 at the other end (see Figure 2). Inlet nipple 31 is integral with a casing 32 hermetically surrounding exhaust pipe 13 and thus defining a vaporizing chamber 33. Said casing 32 further comprises an outlet nipple 34 to which one end of antiknock vapor pipe 10 is connected the other end of which is connected to the air filter 12.

It has to be pointed out that casing 32 may as well only partially surround exhaust pipe 13 as long as a correct heat exchange relationship exists between the exhaust pipe 13 and the vaporizer 8.

The air filter 12 may be of any of the knownstructures and always comprises an air intake 35 to which the'antiknock vapor pipe 10 is connected In the particular embodiment shown in Figure 2, the cover 36 supports a duct 37 thefree end 37 of which is slightly enlarged so that the free section of air intake 35 is reduced, thus forming a Venturi, or in other words an increased suction effect on duct 37, when the engine carries out its intake stroke.

The operation of the charge forming device is as follows}. Supposing that tank 2 has been charged with antiknock liquid through charge opening 16', said antiknock liquid will flow by gravity through discharge opening 18, supply pipe 7 into the constant'level reservoir 5 entering'nipple 21, and passing by valve head ZS'resting on valve head supporting plate 24 and through perforations 24' into container 19, wherein the level of the anti-knock liquid will rise together with float 27 until the latter closes valve head 25 onvalve seat 22', as previously explained. The charge forming device is now' set for operation.

Upon starting the internal combustion engine, L'and whilst the'latter runs idle, the'charge forming device' will not' operate; but as soon-as greater power is desired the alabaster air passing throughairfilter will "inersse and thereby a suctioning effect is produced on the free end 37' of duct 37 which is sufficient to rise the anti-knock liquid level in conduit 28 so that said antiknock liquid will be drawn into the substantially instantaneous vaporizer 8 through feeding pipe 9. The amount: of anti-knock liquid is rather small in relation to thevolume of vaporizing chamber 33, so that as soon as said anti-knock liquid enters chamber 33 it is practically instantaneously vaporized and enters as vapor through anti1 knock vapor pipe l and duct 37 into air intake where it is mixed with air and this mixture then enters the carburator where it is mixed With fuel, and the antiknock fuel enters then the inlet manifold 15.

It may thus be seen that there is a direct relationship between the amount of anti-knock liquid and the fuel, as pointed out previously. Also it will now be understood that as soon as the engine stops or runs idle no sufficient suction effect is produced on free end 37 to be able to produce an anti-knock liquid flow into vaporizer 8.

However if desired the anti-knock liquid may even flow into vaporizer 8 when the engine runs idle, to which effect for instance the length of the valve stem 26 has to be varied accordingly. As such the needle valve arrangement 30 enables to produce a standard type of charge forming device for different engines, so that said needle valve arrangement 30 will be suitably set for each type of engine when supplied.

As soon as the liquid level decreases in the constant level reservoir the level control means 22 to 26 and 27 enables tank 2 to supply an additional quantity of antiknock liquid.

In the above described embodiment it is however necessary to insert duct 37 in cover 36 of air filter 12, which means certain structural modifications, which can however be avoided if the anti-knock vapor connecting element 38 (see Figure 4) is used. The latter consists of a ring 39 having preferably in its lower portions a plurality of spaced slits 40 which make said lower portion elastic and which is surrounded by a clamp 41. A duct 42 is connected to said ring 39 and enters said ring 39 but with the lower half cut away so as to form a bathe 42.

As may be better seen in Figure 5, the connecting element 38 is mounted on the lower portion 35' of the air intake directly connected to the carburator (not shown) by means of its elastic portion and clamp 41. The antiknock vapor pipe 10 is connected to duct 42, and the upper portion 35 of the air intake, which is integral with filter 12 is connected to the upper portion of ring 39. The operation of element 38 is identical as duct 37 in the other embodiment, since the air passing bafiie 42' produces a suction on pipe 10; the effect is also the same since element 38 is located above the carburator and more particularly above the fuel intake (not shown).

If it is desired to replace casing 32 by a more standard structure, vaporizer 43 may be used -(see Figure 6), which may be connected to any size of exhaust pipe 13 (see Figure 7).

Vaporizer 43 consists of a curved hollow tube portion 44 having for instance a bracket 45 separating the curved tube portion 44 from for instance a straight portion 46 to which an inlet nipple 31' and an outlet nipple 34 are connected. Vaporizer 43 defines thus a vaporizing chamber similar as in the other embodiment.

. By making a hole into the exhaust pipe 13 the curved portion 44 may be downwardly inserted into said exhaust pipe 13, until bracket 45 may .be fixed to saidexhaust pipe 13.such as by means of complementary bracket45'. Feeding pipe 9 is to be connected to inlet nipple 31' and anti-knock vapor pipe 10 is to be connected to outlet nipple 34, to establish a similar circuit as the one shown in Figures 1 and 2. The anti-knock liquid enters straight portion 46 and advances due to gravityforce into curved portion 44 where it is immediately vaporized and enters outlet nipple 34, as indicated by arrows 47.

Obviouslythe curved portion 44ena'bles to nter'a larger tube portion into exhaust pipe 13, but this is not to be considered as a limiting feature since other shapes will also correctly perform this function.

The constant level reservoir hereinbefore described may be replaced by another'embodiment also identified by reference numeral 5, which is of cheaper construction and does not require a valve needle arrangement 30, but is provided with an interchangeable nozzle so that the right type of nozzle will be used for each type of engine.

As may be seen inFigures 8 and 10, it consists of a main container 50 and a supply container 51 connected to the main container 50 by a connection 52 in the bottom portions of both containers. The main container 50 also comprises a weir 53 formed of a pair of diametrically opposed perforations. I

The outer face of the base of the main container 50 comprises a cut-in portion 54, Whilst the upper end is provided with a lid 20 similarly as in the first constant level reservoir and having the same constant level valve controlling means which will therefore not be described again and which valve means have the same reference numerals.

Inside the supply container 51 a discharge duct 55 is used consisting of a tube 56 the upper end of which is provided with an inlet nozzle 57. A screw-nut device 58 arranged in the middle outer portion of tube 56 enables to screw the upper portion of tube 56 into the supply container 51, so that the free end portion of nozzle 57 will be housed above the weir 53.

As may be specifically seen in Figure 10 the lid 20 in this embodiment forms directly. a base portion of the anti-knock liquid tank 2 and consequently the nipple 21 is directly housed in said tank 2 and thereby the supply pipe 7 is not necessary. The float 27 is in such an operative relationship with the valve stem 26 that the maximum anti knock liquid level as indicated in Figure 10 is below the weir 53. The free end of discharge duct 55 is again connected to feeding pipe 9 (not shown). The operation of the constant level reservoir is identical with the other embodiment, that is to say when a suction is produced by the engine the liquid level in the main container 50 will lower whilst in the supply container 51 said liquid level will rise and the anti-knock liquid will enter through nozzle 57 into discharge duct 55 from where it will be supplied through feeding pipe 9 into the vaporizer 8 (not shown). The control of the maximum anti-knock liquid level is carried out by float 27 and valve stem 26 in the manner as previously described. Weir 53 assures that even if the float 27 or valve 25 becomes inoperative that the level of the anti-knock liquid may not rise above nozzle 57 when the engine does not ask for it and thereby supply liquid into vaporizer 8 when not desired.

In order to assure that the constant level reservoir 5 is correctly connected to the anti-knock liquid tank 2, a clamp such as a Wire 59 surrounds in form of a U-shaped member the main container 50 and in order to avoid slippage part of the wire being housed in the cut-in portion 54, as may be seen in Figure 10.

This embodiment is always to be supplied with the correct nozzle 57 for each type of the engine, as previously stated.

I claim:

1. A charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust'pipe and comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a constant level reservoir connected to said tank, level control means in said reservoir adapted to control the flow of said antiknock liquid from said tank into said reservoir to maintain a predetermined level of the anti-knock liquid in said reservoir, a discharge conduit connected at one end to the bottom portion of said reservoir and having an outlet at the other end located substantially above the por e -by saidlid and defining the normal: liquidx'level' determined by saidlevel control rneannasubstantially instantaneous vaporizer associated in *heaterichange relationship with said exhaust pipe of said engine, saidvaporiz'ei being 'further connected to said dischargie'corlduit and said air intake of said carburatoryand 'snction means for drawing said anti-knock liquid from said reservoir into said vaporizer.

-2.,A charge forming device forms in connection with the fuel supplyior internal-combustion engines having a cat-butatonv'vhh an air intake and an exhaust pipe and cofnplis'ihgan anti-knock 'liquidtank, a connection, a Constant level reservoir having a bottom and a top, said topbeihg' connected through said connection to said tank, level controlimeansinsaid reservoir adapted to control the, flow of said anti-knock liquid from said tank into said reservoir and the anti-knock liquid level in said reservoir;. saidlevel controlnieans consisting of a valve capable'ot closing said connection; a valve stem having a freeflndand integral with said valve, a heat in said constant level reservoir and capable of entering in contact with said free end of said valve stem and rising said valve'stem to close said connection, a discharge conduit connected to said bottom and having a portion located substantially above the normal liquid level determined byysa'id level control means, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer associated in heat exchange relationship with said exhaust pipe of said, engine, said vaporizer being further connected to said discharge conduit and said air intakeof said carburato 3. A charge fonming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a -carburat'or with an air intake and an exhaust pipe and comprising ananti-knock liq'uidtank, a supply pi e, a eonstantlevel'reservoir comprising a container having abottom portion and a side wall, a lid for covering said container, a nip le integral with said lid, said supply pipe being connected to said nipple and said tank, a substantially conical valve space in said lid and having an apes direetedtowards said nipple, said valve space beingconhected to'said nipple, a valve head supporting plate supportedbysaid lid and defining the base of said valve space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valvehead'housed in said valve space and having an apex directed towards said nipple, a valve stem irl= tegral with saidvaive head and passing through said supporting plate and entering said container, said valve stem having a free end, a float in said container and capable of'entering in contact with said free end of said vaive'stem and capable of rising said valve stem to close nipple, a discharge conduit having an opening at said side wall into-the bottom portion of said container, said conduit including a portion located slightly above the uppermost liquid level determined by said float when closing said nipple through said valve head, a manually operable needle valve arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer associated in heat exchange relationship with said exhaust, pipe of said engine, said vaporizer being further connected to said discharge conduit and said air intake of said carburator.

4. A charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust pipe and comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a supply pipe, a feeding pipe, an anti-knock vapor pipe, a constant level reservoir comprising a container having a bottom portion and alsde wall, a lid covering said container, a nipple integral with saidjlid, said anti-knock liquid tank beng connected to said constant level reservoir through the connection of's'aid supply pipe to said tank and said nipple, substantially conical valve space defined in said lid andhaving' an-aper idirected towards said nipple connected "to s aidvalve "space and defining adjacent said nipple a1 valve seat, a valve head supporting plate supbase of said conical ill ' j stab Valve: space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valve head housed-in'said valve space and having an apex directed towards said nipple, said valve head be= ing capable of closing the connection through said nipple by sitting on said valve'fseat, a valve stem integral with said valvehead arid passing through said supporting plate and entei'ing said container, said valve stem having a free end, a float in said container and capable of entering in contact with said free end of said valve stem and capable of rising said valve stem to seat said valve head on said valve seat, a discharge conduit opening at said side wall into the bottom portion of said container, said discharge conduit including a portion located slightly above the uppermost liquid level determined by said float when 'seatingsaid valve head on said valve seat, a needle valve arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a substantially in stantaneous vaporizer comprising a casing mounted on said exhaust pipe and defining a vaporizing chamber, an inlet nipple and an outlet nipple integral with said casing and connected to said vaporizing chamber, said feeding pipeconnecting'said discharge conduit Withsaid inlet nipple, "said'anti-knock vapor pipe connecting said outlet nipple with 's'aid air intakes said carburator.

.5; A'charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel sa py for internalconibus tion engines having a carbnrator'with an air'int'ake andjan exhaust pipe and comprising ananti-knoek liquid tank, a supply pipe, a feeding ipe, sa een-knock vapor pipe, a constant level ieservene m tisisga container aving a bottom PQf IQIl an a sidewall, a li'd severing said container, a nipple integral with said lid, said anti=kiiock liquid tank being connect a medicament level reservoir through "said siipplypipe' connected tofsaid tank and said nipple, a substantially conical valve "space defined in said lid and having a'p'eX directed towards said nipple connected to said valve space and defining adjacent said nipple a valve seat, a v'a lve head supporting plate supported by said lid and d fining the base of said conical valve space, ing plate'b'ei'n'g perforated, a conical valve din "said valve "space and having an apex directed towards slaidnipple, said valve head being capable of closing the connection through said nipple by sitting in said valve seat, atvalve stein integral with said valve said supporting plate and en term A said c ontainer, said valve stem having a free end,

afldat id lcontainer and capableof entering in can: tact w free end of said valve stem and capable risin aid valv steni to seat said valve head on said Yalveflseat, a discharge conduit openingv at said si de Wall into the bottom poi'tion said container, said dlsql' g cluding apor'tion located slightly above the lquid level determined by, said float when v alve head ,onsaidvalve seat,- a manually eedle valve arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a Sub stantially instantaneous vaporizer comprising a casing mounted on said e thaust pipe anddefining' a vaporizing chamber, an nlet, nippleand. an outlet nipple integral I andconnectedto said vaporizing chambensaidf di gpipe connecting said discharge conduit 1m nipple, said air intake of said carburator being connected to' an, air filter, having a cover, a duct having an, enlargedfreeaendsaid duct being supported byfsaid' coiepaudsaid, enlarged free end entering said air ,intake, an anti-knock vapor pipe connecting said duct wi aidloutletnipple. v 6. A charge tormingdevice for use in connection theliuel supply for internal combustion engines having 3 lb 'iiorwith an air intake and an exhaust pipe and w imfim'sea-eatinw liquid tank, a pp y P p a feeding pipe adantiknock ,vapor pipe, a constant, level reservoirjcompr singlacontainer having a bottom portion and a side 'w all 'a llid coveringsaid, container, a nipple e t a isd I integral withsaid'lid, said anti-knock liquid tank being connected to said constant level reservoir through said supply pipe connected to said tank and said nipple, a substantially conical valve space defined in said lid and having an apex directed towards said nipple connected to said valve space and defining adjacent said nipple a valve seat, a valve head supporting plate supported by said lid and defining the base of said conical valve space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valve head housed in said valve space and having an apex directed towards said nipple, said valve head being capable of closing the connection through said nipple by sitting on said valve seat, a valve stem integral with said valve head and passing through said supporting plate and entering said container, said valve stem having a free end, a float in said container and capable of entering in contact with said free end of said valve stem and capable of rising said valve stem to seat said valve head on said valve seat, a discharge conduit opening at said side wall into the bottom portion of said container, said discharge conduit including a portion located slightly above the uppermost liquid level determined by said float when seating said valve head on said valve seat, a'needle valve arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer comprising a casing mounted on said exhaust pipe and defining a vaporizing chamber, an inlet nipple and an outlet nipple integral with said casing and connected to said vaporizing chamber, said feeding pipe connecting said discharge conduit with said inlet nipple, an anti-knock vapor connecting element comprising a ring having a lower portion with slits, a clamp surrounding said lower portion, a duct connected to said ring and entering said ring in form of a baflle, said lower portion of said ring being connected to said air intake of said carburator an air filter connected to said ring above said bafile, said anti-knock vapor pipe conmeeting said duct with said outlet nipple.

7. A charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust pipe and comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a supply pipe, a feeding pipe, an anti-knock vapor pipe, a constant level reservoir comprising a container having a bottom portion and a side wall, a lid covering said container, a nipple integral with said lid, said anti-knock liquid tank being connected to said constant level reservoir through said supply pipe connected to said tank and said nipple, a substantially conical valve space defined in said lid and having an apex directed towards said nipple connected to said valve space and defining adjacent said nipple a valve seat, a valve head supporting plate supported by said lid and defining the base of said conical valve space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valve head housed in said valve space and having an apex directed towards said nipple, said valve head being capable of closing the connection through said nipple by sitting on said valve seat, a valve stem integral with said valve head and passing through said supporting plate and entering said container, said valve stem having a free end, a float in said container and capable of entering in contact with said free end of said valve stem and capable of rising said valve stem to seat said valve head on said valve seat, a discharge conduit opening at said side wall into the bottom portion of said container including a portion located slightly above the uppermost liquid level determined by said float when seating said valve head on said valve seat, a manually adjustable needle valve arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer comprising a curved tube portion and a straight tube portion, a bracket integral with one of said tube portions, an inlet nipple and an outlet nipple connected to said straight tube portion, said curved portion being adapted to be housed in said exhaust pipe, said curved and straight tube portions defining a vaporizing chamber, said feeding pipe connecting said discharge conduit with said inlet nipple,

- "10 said anti-knock vapor pipe connecting said outlet nipple with said air intake of said carburator.

8. A charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust pipe and comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a supply pipe, a feeding pipe, an anti-knock vapor pipe, a constant level reservoir comprising a container having a bottom portion and a side wall, a lid covering said container, a nipple integral with said lid, said anti-knock liquid tank being connected to said constant level reservoir through said supply pipe connected to said tank and said nipple, a substantially conical valve space defined in said lid and having an apex directed towards said nipple connected to said valve space and defining adjacent said nipple a valve seat, a valve head supporting plate supported by said lid and defining the base of said conical valve space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valve head housed in said valve space and having an apex directed towards said nipple, said valve head being capable of closing the connection through said nipple by sitting on said valve seat, a valve stem integral with said valve head and passing through said supporting plate and entering said container, said valve stem having a free end, a float in said container and capable of entering in contact with said free end of said valve stem and capable of rising said valve stem to seat said valve head on said valve seat, a discharge conduit opening at said side wall into the bottom portion of said container including a portion located slightly above the uppermost liquid level deter mined by said-float when seating said valve head on said valve seat, a manually adjustable needle valve arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer comprising a curved tube portion and a straight tube portion, a bracket integral with one of said tube portions, an inlet nipple and an outlet nipple connected to said straight tube portion, said curved portion being adapted to be housed in said exhaust pipe, said curved and straight tube portions defining a vaporizing chamber, said feeding pipe connecting said discharge conduit with said inlet nipple, said air intake of said carburator being connected to an air filter having a cover, a duct having an enlarged free end, said duct being supported by said cover and said enlarged free end entering said air intake, said anti-knock vapor pipe connecting said duct with said outlet nipple.

9. A charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust pipe and comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a supply pipe, a feeding pipe, an anti-knock vapor pipe, a constant level reservoir comprising a container having a bottom portion and a side wall, a lid covering said container, a nipple integral with said lid, said anti-knock liquid tank eing connected to said constant level reservoir through said supply pipe connected to said tank and said nipple, a substantially conical valve space defined in said lid and having an apex directed towards said nipple connected to said valve space and defining adjacent said nipple a valve seat, a valve head supporting plate supported by 5; id lid and defining the base of said conical valve space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valve head housed in said valve space and having an apex directed towards said ipple, said valve head being capable of closing the connection through said nipple by sitting on said valve seat, a valve stem integral with said valve head and passing through said supporting plate and entering said container, said valve stem having a free end, a float in said container and capable of entering in contact with said free end of said valve stem and capable of rising said valve stem to seat said valve head on said valve seat, a discharge conduit opening at said side wall into the bottom portion of said container including a portion located slightly above the uppermost liquid level determined by said float when seating said valve head on said valve seat, a manually adjustable needle valve-arrangement connected to said discharge conduit adjacent said bottom portion, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer comprising a curved tube portion and a straight tube portion, a bracket integral with one of said tube portions, an inlet nipple and an outlet nipple connected to said straight tube portion, said curved portion being adapted to be housed in said exhaust pipe, said curved and straight tube portionsdeiining a vaporizing chamber, said feeding pipe connecting said discharge conduit with said inlet nipple, an anti-knock vapor connecting element comprising a ring having a lower portion with slits, a clamp surrounding said lower portion, a duct connected to said ring and entering said ring in form of a bafile, said lower portion of said ring being connected to said air intake of said carburator, an air filter connected to said ring above said baffle, said anti-knock vapor pipe connecting said duct with said outlet nipple.

10. A charge forming device for use in connection with the fuel supply for internal combustion engines having a carburator with an air intake and an exhaust pipe and comprising an anti-knock liquid tank, a constant level reservoir comprising a main container and having a bottom portion and a weir, a supply container having a bottom portion, said main container being connected to said supply container through their respective bottom portions, a lid covering said main container, a nipple integral with said lid, said nipple entering said anti-knock liquid tank, a substantially conical valve space in said lid and having an apex directed towards said nipple, said valve space being connected to said nipple, a valve head supporting plate. supported by said lid and defining the base of said valve space, said supporting plate being perforated, a conical valve head housed in said valve space and having an apex directed towards said nipple, a valve stem integral with said valve head *and'pa'ssingthrough said supporting plate and entering said container, said valve stem having a free end, afloat in said container and capable of entering in contact'with said free end of said valve stem and capable of rising said valve stemxto close said nipple, said float defining a maximum normal anti-knock liquid level in said main container below said weir, a tube having an inlet nozzle at least partially housed in said supply container and at alevel above the maximum of said liquid level of said main'container, said tube being spaced apart'from said'supply container so that said anti-knock liquid may pass by said tube'in said supply container and enter said'tube through saidnozzle, said tube having a free end discharge portion, a substantially instantaneous vaporizer associated in heatexchange relationship with said exhaust pipe of said engine, said vaporizer being connected to said free end discharge portion of said tube and to said air intake of said carburetor.

References Cited in the file-of this patent UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 1,711,408 Fritz Apr. 30, 1929 1,739,073 Johnson Dec. .10, :1929 1,889,584 Zimmerer Nov; 29, 1932 2,108,556 Hardt Feb. 15, 1938 2,603,557 Roush July 15, .1952 2,674,235 Drydyke Apr.-6, 1954