US2809702A

US2809702A - Feathering override for variable pitch propeller

Info

Publication number: US2809702A
Application number: US423162A
Authority: US
Inventors: Raymond P Lambeck; Anthony V Pond
Original assignee: United Aircraft Corp
Current assignee: Raytheon Technologies Corp
Priority date: 1954-04-14
Filing date: 1954-04-14
Publication date: 1957-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 1974-10-15

Description

Oct. 15, 1957 R. P. LAMBECK ETAL 2,809,702

FEATHERING OVERRIDE FOR VARIABLE FITCH PROPELLER Filed April 14. 1954 2 sheets-sheet 1 0W PRESSURE AN7HONy u o/vo ay www Arron/Vey Oct. 15, 1957 R. P. LAMBECK ET AL 2,809,702

FEATHERING OVERRIDE FOR VARIABLE FITCH PROPELLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 14, 1954 m, .gl

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United States Patent() FEATHERING VERREEE FOR VARIABLE PITCH PROPELLER Raymond P. Lambeck and Anthony V. Pond, Manchester, Conn., assignors to United Aircraft Corporation, East Hartford, Conn., a corporation of Delaware Application April 14, 1954, Serial No. 423,162 18 Claims. (Cl. 1713-1602) This invention relates to propeller control mechanism and particularly to mechanism which will move the propeller into feathered position, in spite of malfunctioning controls.

An object of this invention is a propeller control Which will feather the propeller upon actuation of the feathering control and the auxiliary pump even if the reversing control is calling for reverse pitch.

A further object of this invention is a propeller control by which the propeller may be feathered by auxiliary pressure alone with the feathering valve closed.

A still further object is a propeller which can be feathered by auxiliary pressure alone and Which cannot be reversed by inadvertent actuation of the decrease pitch control.

These and additional objects and advantages will be apparent from the following specification and the attached drawings in which:

Fig. l is a schematic diagram showing the propeller and its control mechanism including the wiring diagram for the several controls.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a portion of the structure of Fig. l but showing a modied form.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of Fig. l showing a still further modiiied form and Fig. 4 is a schematic view of-a portion of Fig. l showing another modified form.

One f the problems which has plagued airplane operators has been the possibility of malfunctioning of the propeller controls or inadvertent operation of some of the controls causing an operation -called inadvertent reversing. If the reversing controls should malfunction or if they should be inadvertently actuated the propeller pitch changing motor might be actuated to place the propeller in a reverse pitch position at a time when the operator would want the propeller in some other position. With some controls, once the propeller has started toward or reached the reverse pitch position due to the malfunctioning or inadvertent operation of the reversing controls the reversing controls cannot be disabled and the propeller taken out of the reverse pitch position by actuation of the pitch increasing control alone. This is particularly true where the inadvertent reversing is due to malfunctioning of the reversing controls.

The invention described herein relates to mechanism oy which the propeller may be taken out of the reverse pitch position and even placed in the feathered position although the reverse pitch Icontrols may still be trying to hold the propeller in a reverse pitch. The invention has been illustrated as an improvement on two general types of propellers, one of which is shown in Patent No. 2,653,668 to which reference may be made for additional propeller details. In this patent structure, while actuation of the feathering control and, if desired, the auxiliary pump also, will be suicient to take the propeller out of reverse pitch even if the reversing control is stuck open, if both the featheringwcontrol and reversing control should not be operable, the propeller cannot be feathered on the auxiliary ICC pump alone. Applicants have improved the controls of the device shown in Patent No. 2,653,668 so that in the event the feathering control will not open the propeller may be feathered with the auxiliary pump alone with the reverse control lclosed while retaining the feature of overriding the reversing control with the feathering control.

The other type of propeller with which applicants controls may be used is the type shown in Patent No. 2,643,077 and Patent No. 2,663,373. In the propeller of these patents, if the decrease pitch valve 156 is held open for any reason, the governor pilot valve will be forced downward and the propeller held in reverse pitch even if the feathering ycontrols are actuated to endeavor to take the propeller out of reverse pitch. Applicants have improved on the structure shown in these two last mentioned patents by providing means for overriding the eect of the decrease pitch valve so as to permit feathering with the decrease pitch valve open while retaining the feature of feathering on the high pressure pump alone if the decrease pitch valve is closed.

In the improved control mechanism which is shown schematically in Fig. 1 the propeller is indicated generally at 10. The governor is indicated generally at 12 and hydraulic control mechanism is indicated generally at 14 and the electrical control mechanism is indicated generally at 16. In general, hydraulic fluid such as oil is supplied from a source of pressure such as pump 18 or pump 2l) to a governor controlled valve 22 which will direct the pressure uid to one side or the other of the pitch changing motor 24 of the propeller 1t?. A portion of the oil under pressure may be led to a decrease pitch valve 26 from where it may be directed to one side of the valve 22 to force it downwardly. A portion of the pressure fluid is also led to increase pitch valve 28 from where it may be directed to the under side of the valve 22 to force it upwardly. The decrease pitch valve and the increase pitch valve are electrically controlled and the auxiliary pump is also electrically vcontrolled by the feather, unfeather, reverse and unreverse electrical controls 16 which will be described hereinafter. Actuation of the decrease pitch valve will cause the valve 22 to direct pressure iiuid to the pitch changing motor 24 to decrease propeller pitch even to the point of reversing the propeller. Actuation of the increase pitch valve will cause valve 22 to direct fluid to the pitch changing motor 24 to increase the propeller pitch even to the point of feathering the propeller. The increase pitch mechanism is more powerful than the decrease pitch mechanism and will dominate to increase the propeller pitch in the event they are operated simultaneously. The auxiliary pump is connected in a manner which will be described hereinafter so as to by-pass or parallel the increase pitch valve and cause an increase in pitch without actuation of either the increase or decrease pitch valve.

Coming now to the details of the construction and operation of the controls the propeller, which is described in more detail in the patents above referred to and to which reference may be made for further propeller details, comprises a dome or cylinderl) of the pitch changing motor 24 which may be a reciprocable piston operating through `cams in a well-known manner to rotate gear 32 geared to propeller blade 34 and thus change the pitch of propeller blade 34. Although only one blade has been indicated it will be understood that as manyblades as desired are spaced around the central gear 32. The propeller may be driven in a well-known manner by an engine 36. Hydraulic fluid is directed to one side of the propeller by a line 33 to move the propeller in a decrease pitch direction and fluid is led to the other side of the propeller4 by line ditto move the propeller in an increase pitch direction.

' Pressureffluid is taken. from-a sump` 42 K4'by a governor y' or engine `driven pump V18. andafter passing through a check valve 44 is directed through line 45 to a high pressure relief valve 46, through line 47 to a low pressure relief valve 48, and through line 50 to a governor control valve 22.Y The governor which is Vindicated generally'at 12,` is the; Well-known typev of flyball'governor; which may be driven from the motor 36 in a well-known, manner, not disclosed for simplicity of disclosure, and controls the positionof valve 22 directing fluid Yfrom line 50, connected with the output of pump 18, to either

lines

38 or 40 to decrease or increase the propeller pitch to vary the load on the motor and thus maintain theY motor speed substantially constant. A line 52 connectstvalve 22 with drain so that when one of the

iines

38, 40 is 'connected with pressure line 50 the other of the

lines

38, 40 is connected to drain linev 52. Line50, is permanently connected with 1511654; leading from valve 22, to transfer valve housing 56; Pump 18 is connectedthrough lines 50, 54 and strainer 60 with line 6,3 which connects to the intake side of decrease pitch valve 26 and with line 62 which connects with intake'side ofincrease pitch valve28.` Decrease pitch valve 26 isV normally closed'as shown in FigureY 1V but may bev opened by energization of a solenoid 64 which will force rod 66 into contact with valve 26 and force valve 26 off of its seat. Linel 63 will thenbe connected throughv valve 26 with line 68 leading to a chamber 70 above a land 72 forming a part of valve 22. Connecting pump 178 with chamber 70 will force valve 22 downward against any opposition of the governor 12 and connect line 50 with decrease pitch line 38 and pitch changing motor 24, and line 40 withV drain line 52 through the hollow stem of valve 22, to urge the propeller towards a reduced pitch position. The pressure applied in chamber 70 is also transmitted through line 112 to position shuttle valve 106to the left andis then further transmitted to the region behind low pressure relief valve 106y so as toy prevent thatvalve from opening. Energization of solenoid 64 in addition to forcing valve 26 olf of its seat will close valve 74 to block line 68 and chamber 70 from the drain line 76'to which they are normally connected.

Increaserpitch valve 28 is normally closed but may be opened by energization of solenoid 78 in the manner described for the decrease pitch valve to connect pump 18 through line 62 with line 80 leading to chamber 82 under theland84 forming a part ofvalve 22. Energization of solenoid 78 will close valve 86 thus blocking chamber 82V and 1ine80 from

drain lines

88, 90 and 76 to which it is normallyl connected. Application of pressure from the pump 18 to the chamber 82 will force valve 22 upwardly thus connecting line 50 and pump 18 with increase pitch line 40 to increase the propeller pitch. Line 38 is Vsimul.

taneously connected with drain line 52.

It will be noted that the area of valve 22 exposed to pressure in chamber 82k is much greater than the effective area exposed to chamber 70'so that equal pressure applied in the two chambers would still leave suicient pressure to force valve 22 upwardly against any opposition of either the governor 12 or the pressure uid in chamber 70` Auxiliary pump 20 which is driven by an electric motor 92 draws uid from the sump 42 and delivers it to transfer valve 58 which is normally spring pressed to the left as viewed in Fig. l by a spring 94. The auxiliary pump which will normally deliver fluid at a higher pressure than the pump 18, as is explained in more detail in the abovementioned patents, when supplying fluid to valve 58 will force litto the right to irst disconnect valve outlet line 96 from

drain lines

99, 76 and then connect auxiliary pump pressure line 101 with valve outlet line 96 leading to shuttle Valve 100, and then through opening 98 in valve 58 connect'pressureiline- 101 with line 54 leading to the governor'valve and through strainer 60 lwith lines 62 and 63';

PressureA inline 96 will force shuttle valve 100 to the right from the positiony shown inFig. 1 so` as'to block vdrain line 88' fromthe'increase pitch valve and connect line 96 with line 80 connecting with governor valve chamber 82 and the outlet vof increase pitch valve 28. Shuttle valve 100 is normally urged to the left by a spring 102. Application of auxiliary pump pressure to line and chamber 82 will raise pilot valve 22, thus connecting line 54 with increase pitch line 40. Pressure from auxiliary pump 20 passing through orifice 98 ton line 54 will thus serve to move pitchv changing motor 24 and the blades 34 towards increase pitch position. Pressure in increase pitch line 40 is applied through line 104 and shuttle valve 106 to the back side of low pressure relief valve 48, thus practically disabling that relief valve and bringing the pressure Vdeveloped by pump 18 up toward the pressure of the auxiliary pump which is limited by the high pressure relief valve 46. Thus, if neither the increase pitch valve 28 nor the decrease pitch valve 26 is open, the propeller may be feathered on the auxiliary pump alone. When transfer valve YS8 is moved to the right by pressure from the auxiliary pump 20 so that it will discharge iluid through port 98 to lines y54 and 62, both sides of theY transfer valve are exposed to pressure from the same source. Spring 94 urges valve 58 tothe left to disconnect pressure line 101 from delivery line 54 so that the pressure' delivered by pump 20 to line 101 must always exceed the?, pressure delivered by the pump 18 or the pressure delivered; by the auxiliary pump from passage 98, to line 54,. by an amount equal to or slightly in excess of the pressure required to compress spring 94. In other words, there; will always vbe a pressure dropV from the left hand side of valve 58 as viewed in Fig. l throughV port 98 to line 54fV If the `decrease pitch valve is` open, auxiliaryv pressure; passing through passage 98 in valve 58 to line 63 will passthrough the decrease pitch valve 26 into line 68 and the chamber 70 back of plunger 72 but because thereis alreadyi auxiliary pump pressure in chamber 82, the pressure in, chamber 70 will not be able to move pilot valve 22. However, pressure inline 68 will be applied through line. 108 to plunger 110 of the valve 100 and force`the valve to the left because the area of plunger 110 is greater than the area of valve part and because of the assistance.- of spring 102. Movement of thevalve 100 to the left will block line 80 and prevent the introduction of auxiliaryA pressure to chamber 82 under the valve 22.` and itwillv also open lline 88, as long as increase pitch valve 28 is propeller will be forced intoaV decreased or reversed pitch;

position by the auxiliary pump 20, and pump 18, pressure.

` However, actuation of theincrease pitch valve will over-Y ride the effect of the decrease pitch valve by closingvalve 86 and blocking the connection between line 80 and drain line 88 and connecting line 62, containing auxiliary pump pressure, with line 80 and again applying pressure to chamber 82, forcing the pilot valve 22 upwardly. to again inv crease the propeller pitch. Hence, in the event of inadvertentl actuation` of the decrease pitch valve or a Inal-V functioning of that valve, its action can be overcome by the increase pitch valve and the propeller feathered. Furthermore, in the event that neither. valve is operative, the. propeller can still be feathered by the auxiliary pump f alone.

When pressure is applied to chamber 70, it is led through line 112 to shuttle valve 106 and thence to the back side Y of low pressure relief valve 48 to thus maintain a higher pressure for the pumps, limited only by the high pressure relief valve 46.

The switches for actuating the decrease pitch valve, theV increase pitch valve and the auxiliary pump may be individual, manually actuated switches or may be any desired combination of manual or automatically actuated switches.

For purposesV of explaining this invention, manual andi automatically. actuated switches similar to those shown in Patent 2,653,668 have been illustrated except that the auxiliary pumpis connected for automatic operation with scarce the reverse-unreverse switch. lnrthese switches a source of electricity 126 is led to a terminal which may be contacted by switch bar 128 by actuation of the featherunfeather switch 122 in either direction. Pushing the switch 122 to the right as viewed in Fig. 1 to feather the propeller will connect electrical source 126 through contact 139 and holding solenoid 120 with cutout switch 116 to hold the switch in feathering position as long as the cutout switch is closed. Source 126 will also be connected through contact 132 with increase pitch valve solenoid 78 to energize the same and open valve 28 and lift governor valve 22, Source 126 will also be `connected through contact 134 with auxiliary pump motor 92 to energize the pump 2Q and supply auxiliary fluid to line 40 and motor 24 to increase the propeller pitch. Increase pitch line 40 is connected to the chamber 116 of a cutout switch 118 to open the switch whenever the pressure in line 4t) exceeds a predetermined amount above the pressure in the opposite line as when the propeller reaches feathered position. Opening of cutout switch 118 will de-energize solenoid 129 of the feather-unfeather switch 122 to thus permit spring 124 to bring that switch back into neutral position and de-energize motor 92 of the auxiliary pump when the propeller has reached a feathered position.

Actuation of switch 122 to the left as viewed in Fig. l to unfeather the propeller will connect source 126 through contact 136 with pull-in and holding solenoid 138 which is connected to ground during the unfeathering operation through contact 140 and conducting segment 142 of a propeller blade switch. Source 126 is also connected through contact 147 with auxiliary pump motor 92. Source 126 is also connected through contact 144 with a switch arm contact 146. Decrease pitch valve solenoid 64 is connected with switch arm 148. Switch arm 14S is brought into conducting relation with terminal 146 by energization of solenoid 138 to energize the decrease pitch valve solenoid 64 to which arm 148 is connected and the auxiliary pump is energized through contact 147 to supply high pressure fluid from the auxiliary pump to port 98, line 63, decrease pitch valve 26 and line 68 to chamber 78 to force the valve 22 down and further through line 112 and valve 186 to hold valve 48 closed and also to supply high pressure fluid through line 54 to the governor valve 22 and when the valve is forced down, through decrease pitch line 38 to reduce the propeller pitch and take the propeller out of feathered position. As the propeller moves out of feathered position, the blade switch 159 moves under Contact 140 from the feathered position indicated at F toward the low pitch position indicated at LP. When the blade switch, grounded, conducting, segment 142 moves out from under the contact 148 so that Contact 141) will rest on insulating segment 145, the ground of solenoid 138 is broken and switch arm 148 is returned to the position shown in Fig. l by spring 152, thus deenergizing both the decrease pitch valve and the auxiliary pump motor and returning the propeller to governor control.

For reversing and unreversing, a switch arm 154 is connected through an arming switch 156 to a source of electricity 158. Moving the arm 154 to the reverse pitch position will connect the source 158 with the decrease pitch valve solenoid 64 and to relay coils 160 and 162 which are connected to ground through switch arm 164. Energizing

coils

168 and 162 will pull in the

switch arms

166, 168 and 178. Closing switch 168 will, in effect, short circuit switch 154 so as to maintain coils 160 and 162. energized independent of the position of switch 154. Closing switch 178 will, in effect, short circuit switch 156 so as to maintain

coils

168 and 162 energized independent of the position of switch 156. Closing of switch 16.6 has no immediate effect but prepares the circuit for unreversing. Switch 164 is normally held closed by spring 172. Energizing the decrease pitch valve solenoid will produce the same hydraulic action as in unfeathermg except that the auxiliary motor is not normally energized for reversing as the propeller is being continuously engine driven and the main pump will supply all of the uid necessary for pitch changing. However if desired an additional switch arm 171 may be added to those actuated by solenoid 166 to energize the auxiliary motor 92`when solenoid 160 is energized thus making auxiliary iluid available for reversing and unreversing. Also if desired a switch 173 may be utilized to positively disable the auxiliary motor in the reversing and unreversing operation.

Switches

168 and 170 remain in closed position as long as the switch 154 is held in reverse pitch position and the propeller is thus held in reverse pitch position determined by the usual pitch limiting stops, not shown. To unreverse the propeller, switch 154 is brought to its unreversed position which will deenergize the decrease pitch valve. If desired contacts can be provided for switch 154 to connect the increase pitch valve through a switch actuated by solenoid 168 with electrical source 158 but in the modification shown the auxiliary pump alone is relied on for unreversing movement. Arming switch 156 may, if desired, be opened but will have no effect as it is short circuited by still-closed switch 170. Deenergization of the decrease pitch valve will, with the auxiliary pump running, cause the propeller pitch to increase and will turn blade switch under contact 1411 from the reverse pitch position indicated by R toward and past the low pitch position indicated by LP. When the blade reaches a position above the low pitch position, contact 140 will reach grounded conducting segment 174, thus completing the circuit from source 158 through

switch

156 or 170, switch 154 and switch 166 to coil 176 and ground through contact 148. Energization of coil 176 will break the contact of switch 164, thus de-energizing holding coils 160 and 162 to thus de-energize the auxiliary pump and return the propeller to governor control.

ln the event that the decrease pitch valve should remain open for any reason, movement of switch 154 to the unreversed position will not start the propeller toward feathered position. Complete feathering of the propeller can be obtained by pushing the feather switch 122 which will open the increase pitch valve 28 and continue the operation of the auxiliary pump.

In the event that neither the decrease pitch or increase pitch valve will operate, movement of the feather button to feather position will start the auxiliary pump which, as explained above, will direct fluid to chamber 82 under the valve 22 and directauxiliary pressure to the increase pitch side of the pitch changing motor to thus feather the propeller on the auxiliary pump alone.

In the device above described it will be apparent that we have provided mechanism by which the propeller may be feathered by pushing the feathering button which will normally energize both the increase pitch solenoid and the auxiliary pump. A margin of safety is provided in that the propeller will be feathered even if the increase pitch solenoid is not working. The propeller may also be feathered if the decrease pitch solenoid is stuck open, or if through some malfunctioning it is inadvertently opened.

The propeller pitch control mechanism has been described above with both the decrease pitch valve and the increase pitch valve always connected to the engine driven pump 18. In some installations, it may be desirable to connect the decrease pitch valve with the line 96 leading from the auxiliary pump transfer valve and disconnect it from the strainer 60 and line 54 so that the decrease pitch valve can receive pressure only from the auxiliary pump. Fig. 2 shows a portion of Fig. 1 modiled to show the above mentioned changes in connections. Energization of the decrease pitch valve by inadvertent actuation of the reversing switch with either

switch

156 or 173 open or by a short circuit would have no eect even if the decrease pitch valve were to open for no pressure would be supplied to the decrease pitch valve unless and until the auxiliary pump was,Y operated. It would, ofcourse, be necessary to supply an additional switch such as switch 171 to control the auxiliary pump motor and this switch would have to be closed in order to supply fluid to the decrease pitch valve during reverse operation. As explained above, auxiliary fluid supplied to both the open decrease pitch valve and the transfer valve will put pressure on both sides of

shuttle valve

100, 110 and allow the shuttle valve 100 to remain in the position shown in Fig. l, thus applying iiuid to chamber'70 and not chamber 82, forcing the governor valve 22 down, the chamber 82 being Vconnected to drain through lines 8i), S8, 90 and 76, and thus decreasing the propeller pitch. The functions of the increase pitch valve, includ-Y ing the feature of overriding the `decrease'pitch valve and also the ability to feather on the auxiliary pump alone, would be retained. f

Under some conditions, it may be desirable to connect both increase and decrease'pilot valve to line 96 so that inadvertent actuation (malfunctioning) of either the decrease pitch valve or the increase pitch valve would have no effect unless the auxiliary pump wasV also operated.V Fig. 3 shows a portion of Fig. l including the Vtransfer valve, the decrease pitch valve and the increasel pitchrvalve modified to show the' connections changed so that both the increase pitch valve and the decrease pitch valve are connected with the output line 96 from the transfer valve and are not connected to the engine oil pump 18. With this type of connection, the propeller could not be started towards feathered position and could not be reversed under governor or engine pump pressure alone because neither valveV would Vreceive any pressure until the auxiliary pump was actuated; *This type of connection' would retain the feature of voverriding the reverse valve by actuation of the feathering valve while the auxiliary pump was running and Vwould also retain the feature of feathering on the auxiliary pump alone if neither the increase pitch nor decrease pitch valves were open. The feathering and unfeathering switch and connections and the reverse-unreverse switch and connections would operate in the manner explained above as the auxiliary pump is actuated by those switches, to feather and unfeather and reverse and unreverse. An inadvertent short or malfunctioning of either the increase pitch or decrease pitch solenoid valve to open those valves would have no effect by itself.

Under some conditions, reversing may be so important that it wouldV be desirable to retain the feature of reversing under the governor or engine pump. 18T without having to actuate the auxiliary pump. Fig." 4 shows-'a portion of Fig. l including the transfer v alve, decrease pitch valve and the increase pitch valve'modilied to show the increase pitch valve connected to the outlet 96 of the transfer valve and the decrease pitch valve connected through the line 63 and strainer 60 to the transfer valve as shown and described in Fig. l. t WithA this type of connection, the propeller could be started towards feather position only when the auxiliary pump was being operated as actuation of the increase pitch valve would have no effect under governor or engine pump pressure alone because it would Vnot'. bei connected to thegovernor or engine pump; VThe'ldecreasc:` pitch valve being connected to the pump 155-y through lines.V Sfand: 63 in thc; manner described in: Fig. l' would: operate to put theY propeller into reverse; pitch in themanrrer indicatedin the description of Fig.- l' even if the; auxiliaryv pump was not: operating by actuation of the. switch=x154l to the reverse: posi'- tion. However, in order toftake: the. propeller out; of the reverse pitch position; it would be necessary to start the auxiliary pump. Thesel connections would retain the. feature of feathering Vorrthe auxiliary pump 4aloneif both.

the decrease pitchl andzthe increase pitch'valves are closed and would alsoretain the feature: of overriding the decrease pitch valve by actuation of-.thefincrease pitch'valve and the auxiliary pump.

posite direction to increase propeller pitch.

While oneV embodiment and three modifications havey been described, 'it will Ibe apparent that various changes and other modifications can be made inthe construction and arrangement of the various parts Without departing from the scope of this novel-concept as dened in the subjoined claims..V Y

We claim: Y

1. Pitch control mechanism for a propeller having a pitch changing hydraulic motor, valve means for directing pressure duid to one side or the other of said motor for increasing or `decreasing the propeller pitch, decrease pitch means connected with said valve means for forcing said valve means in one direction, increase pitch means connected with said valve means for overriding the effect of said decrease pitch means and forcing said valve in the opposite direction, an auxiliary source of iiuid pressure, means, Vincluding means by-passing said increase pitch means, directing uid from said auxiliary'source to said valve means for forcing said valve in said opposite direction and directing said auxiliary fluid to said propeller.

2. ln a propeller having governor controlled means for controlling the propeller pitch, decrease pitch mechanism and increase pitch mechanism connected with said governor for disabling saidV governor and including members for actuating a device to decrease and increase the propeller pitch, an auxiliary source of power and means actuated by said auxiliary source for by-passing said `increase pitch mechanism and connecting said source with said `governor and feathering said propeller while said increase pitch and ydecrease pitch mechanism is inoperative.V 3. A device as claimed in claim 2 in which the propeller is hydraulically controlled and has governor controlled valvemeans for controlling the propeller pitch, and in which said mechanism actuates said valve means, and said auxiliar-y source of power is a source of fluid pressure which actuates a valve to bypass said increase pitch mechanism.V A

4. In` propeller pitch control means having governor controlled means for regulating the propeller pitch, and decrease pitch mechanism connected with the governor for decreasing the propeller. pitch and increase pitch mechanism connected with the governor for increasing the propeller pitch, an auxiliary source of power and means for feathering the propeller with power from said auxiliary sourcewith both said increase and said decrease mechanism inoperative, said increase pitch mechanism including means overriding the eiect of said decrease pitch mechanism and feathering said propeller with said auxiliary power with said decrease pitch mechanism energized. Y Y

5. A device as claimed in claim l including a governor connected with said valve for actuating said valve, and in which the bypassing means includes a check valve actuated by the auxiliary pressure.

6. Pitch control mechanism for a propeller having a pitch changing hydraulic motor, a first source of iiuid pressureV and governor controlled valve means movable in one direction 'or the other for' directing iiuid from said source to one side or the -otherof said motor for decreasing or increasing the propeller pitch, decrease pitch means directing fluid to said valve means for forcing said valve` means in one directionV to decrease the propeller pitch,` increase pitch means directing iuid to said valve means for. forcing said valve means 4in the opposite direction to increase propeller pitch including means overriding the effect. of saidY decrease pitch means, a second source of iiuidpressure, and means connecting said second sourceV withthefoutlet side of said increase pitch means and with saidV valve means to move said valve means in said op- 7. A device as claimed in claim 6 in which the means connecting said second source with the outlet side of said increase pitch means comprises a pressure actuated valve movable by fluidfromsaid second source.

. YS; A device as claimed in claim 6 including means for blocking said rst source from said decrease pitch means and including means connecting the inlet side of said decrease pitch means with said second source.

9. A device as claimed in claim 6 including means for blocking said rst source from both said decrease pitch means and said increase pitch means and including means connecting the inlet side of lbeth said decrease pitch means and said increase pitch means with said second source.

10. A device as claimed in claim A6 including means for blocking said first source from said increase pitch means and including means connecting the inlet side of said increase pitch means with said second source.

11. A device as claimed in claim 6 including means permanently connecting the inlet side of said decrease pitch means and said increase pitch means with said lirst source.

12. Pitch control mechanism for a propeller having a pitch changing hydraulic motor, a rst source of iiuid pressure and governor controlled valve means movable in one direction, or the other, for directing fluid from said source to one side or the other of said motor for decreasing or increasing the propeller pitch, decrease pitch means directing fluid from said source to said valve means for forcing said valve means in one direction to decrease propeller pitch, increase pitch means directing Huid from said source to said valve means for forcing said valve means in the opposite direction to increase propeller pitch, including means overriding the eect of said decrease pitch means, an auxiliary source of fluid pressure, a pressure actuated valve movable by fluid from said auxiliary source to connect said auxiliary source with the outlet side of said increase pitch means and with said valve means to move said valve means in said opposite direction to increase propeller pitch.

13. A pitch control for a propeller having a pitch changing hydraulic motor, a rst source of uid pressure, and governor controlled valve means movable by said governor in one direction for directing uid from said source to one side of said motor for decreasing the propeller pitch and in the opposite direction for directing fluid from said source to the other side of said motor for increasing the propeller pitch, mechanism disabling said governor and moving said valve means, an electrically actuated valve fordirecting fluid from said source to said mechanism to move said valve means in said opposite direction, electrically actuated means providing a second source of uid pressure and a pressure actuated valve movable by uid from said second source to connect said second source with said mechanism and saidhvalve means to move said valve means in said opposite direction to direct fluid from said second source to said motor to increase the propeller pitch.

14. A pitch control for a propeller having a pitch changing hydraulic motor, a rst source of fluid pressure and governor controlled valve means movable by said governor in one direction or the other for directing uid from said source to one side or the other of said motor for decreasing or increasing the propeller pitch, mechanisrn for moving said valve means and disabling said governor, a first electrically actuated valve for directing iiuid to said mechanism to move said valve means in one direction, a second electrically actuated valve for directing uid to said mechanism to move said valve means in the opposite direction, including means overriding the effect of said rst valve, electrically actuated means providing a second source of fluid pressure, and a pressure actuated valve movable by iiuid from said second source to connect said second source with said mechanism and said valve means to move said valve means in said opposite direction to direct fluid from said second source to said motor to increase the propeller pitch.

15. A device as claimed in claim 14 including switching means for simultaneously energizing said second electrically actuated valve and said electrically actuated means.

16. A device as claimed in claim 14 including a first switching means for simultaneously energizing said first electrically actuated valve and said electrically actuated means to put the propeller into reverse pitch, and a second switchin g means for simultaneously energizing said second electrically actuated valve and said electrically actuated means to increase the propeller pitch and take the propeller out of reverse pitch position, whereby the operativeness of the second electrically actuated valve may be tested by momentarily pushing said second switching means into contact and manually pulling it out of contact while said iirst switching means is in contact and said propeller may be feathered by pushing said second switchi-ng means into contact with or without said rst electrically actuated valve energized and can be feathered on the second source alone in the event neither electrically actuated valve is operative.

17. A control as claimed in claim 4 in which the decrease pitch mechanism includes a valve actuating motor having an effective area and said feathering means includes a valve actuating motor having a greater area than, and opposed to, the said first mentioned eifective area.

1S. A control as claimed in claim 4 in which the governor controlled means includes a governor valve, the decrease pitch mechanism includes a motor connected with said valve to move said valve in one direction and the increase pitch mechanism includes a more powerful motor connected with said valve to move the valve in the opposite direction and said feathering means includes means independent of said increased pitch mechanism for energizing said increase pitch motor.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,612,958 Richardson oct. 7, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 683,906 Great Britain Dec. 10, 1952