US280733A - Ejector and injector - Google Patents

Description

(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. B. FULTON. EJEGTOR AND INJEGTOR.

No. 280,733. Patented July 3, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

LOUIS B. FULTON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

EJ ECTOR AND I'NJ ECTO R.

SECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,733, dated July 3, 1883,

'Application tiled October 3l, 1882. (Model.)

To'aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LoUIs B. FULTON, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Ej ectors and Inj ctors; and I do hereby declare that the fol'- lowing is a full, clear, and'exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled. in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 a transverse section, of an ejector with my improvement. Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections of another form of ejector, showing my improvements; and Fig. 5, atransverse section of same. Figs. 6 and/7 are respectively alongitudinal and transverse section of another form of ejector with my improvements. Fig. 8 is atransverse section of a modification. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of another form of ejector with my improvements.

. In ejectors and injectors, as generally constructed, either the steanrnozzle or the inner head or combining-tube stands partially or wholly across the line of the induction-opening, and, in consequence, the intlowing current of water or liquid is compelled to part into at least two portions to pass wholly or partially around the steam-nozzle, or around the combining-tube mouth or inner head. In fact, where cneither the nozzle nor inner head projects in the way of the inflowing current of water, the momentum ofthe uncondensed steam acts as though it werea solid body, and the inilowing current splits, part rising on each side, before taking the direction of the axis of the eduction-pipe or combining-tube.- I have discovered that from this fact arise two drawbacks to the best possible performance of both ejectors and injectors. rIhe water rising into the Siphon-head or injector-body, divides, as stated, and then, before it has fully felt'the suction of the steam-j et, the two bodies of water meet, and the result is that part, at least, of its previously acquired velocity is annihilated, so that an additional amount of steam must e wasted in recovering such velocity; hencethe steam is Vnot allowed to do all vthe work it could do if the velocity were not in this manner destroyed in the head. On the other hand, if, as is nearly always the case, the head of the siphon should be a little out of truc, the upgoing body of water will be unequally divided, andV the greater portion will preponderate in momentum. The consequence is that the velocity is partly annihilated and the remainder rendered ineffective by the resultant spiral direction thereby given the current through the combining-tube or eduction-pipe, thus again rendering a portion of the steam inefficient in the action of the siphon or injector.

The object of this invention is to prevent this waste of steam, and in doing so add to t-he efficient power of the device.

The invention accordingly consists, broadly, in providing an ejector or injector-With a septum o'r wall dividing the head in such manner that the body of water or fluid divided by the steam nozzle or jet or by the inner head or combining-tube is not allowed to suffer collision and have its velocity destroyed; further, in the arrangement and combination of devices, as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, A designates the head or shell, B the induction-opening, C the steam branch, and G the combining-tube, all as shown in Letters Patent No. 231,789, granted to me August 31, 1880.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be readily understood that the current of water rising from opening B becomes parted into two portions, which rise around the mouth of the combining-tube G, and above the latter they meet, and their velocity is at least partly destroyed, with the consequences already stated. I construct the shell A with a radial septum or wall, Z), in that part of the shell opposite the inductionopening B, and in line with the axis of the steam jet or jets. This makes the two sides of the shell independent of each other, and independently subject to the influence of the operating steam-jet, and the two bodies of water are notv IOO siphon starts very quickly and its operation is much improved, the twisting of the deliverycolumn avoided, and for a given steam supply and pressure a greater volume of water can be siphoned than where the septum b is absent. These advantages accrue whether the device is used as an injector for lifting or forcing, or both, or as an ejector in any of its many applications. uFig. 3 shows another form of ejector, in which I form the septum Z) in the upper part of the head II and between it and the inner head I, Fig. fl, the double-acting form of the siphon, Fig. 3, also having the septum b passing along so as to insure the separation of the two bodies of water until they have entered the combining-tube J. Fig. 5 shows the same in cross-section. Figs. 6 and 7 sho another double-acting lorm oi' ejector, also having the septum I; similarly arranged. In all of these forms, whether the ejector is single, doubleacting, or triple-acting, the elect o1' the septum is the same-namely, a total avoidance ot' the loss of steam caused by the destruction or" the velocity of the current of water by reason of back or counter currents, eddies, twists, or whirls, anda resultant increase of eiiicieney for a given amount and pressure of steam.l Any construction which will prevent the direct collision of the two bodies of water in a siphon or injector may be adopted. For instance, in Fig. S (a view similar to Fig. 2) I show a partial septum, b', curving gradually, so that while the two currents meet before getting the axial direction they do not collide to reduce the velocity', but run along side by side unimpeded by cddies or whirls.

In Fig. 9, I show an old-style siphon having my improved septum inserted or cast in place, with a resulting operation which is vastly superior to its operation without the septum.

The septum may be formed in casting the shell, or it may be inserted afterward.

The same principles and construction are also applicable to injectors, whose operation is generically the same as that offejectors, and need not be specifically described.

I claim as my inventionl. In an ejector or injector in which the inllowing current is divided by the steam nozzle or jet, inner head, or other device, a septum or wall, l), so located, substantially as de scribed, in the head or shell as to prevent the direct collision ofthe two currents in the head or shell.

2. In an ejector or injector of the class described, a septum or dellector, b, projecting inwardly from the head or shell at a point about opposite the induction-opening of the shell, substantially as described.

3. An ejector or injector having an internal septum or detlector radially arranged in the head in line with the axis ofthe steam-jet and between it and the shell of the ejector or injector, substantially as described.

4. An ejector or injector having on or attached to its shell a septum or deilector radially projecting toward the steam-jet axis, and in line therewith, substantially as described, whereby the two bodies of water in the sides ot theshell are prevented from direct collision.

5. In an ejector or injector having an inner head or combining-tube projecting into the shell or outer head, the combination therewith ofan internal septum or deliector projecting from the shell toward and to or nearly to the said inner head or combining-tube, in line with the axis thereof, and extending lengthwise over the entire inwardly-projecting portion of said inner head or combining-tube, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the lforegoing as my own I have hereto allixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS B. FULTON. `Witn csses:

I). E. Davis, T. J. 'Pivlunnstm-

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