US2806657A - Pneumatically operated hammer device - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 1.7, 1957 w. v. coRNE'rT PNEUMATICALLY OPERATED HAMMER DEvcE Filed Sept. 9. 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet l Viv" "43 MWENTOR.y WALTER v. vcoms/ETT ATTORNE YS Sept. 17, 1957 w. v. coRNl-:TT

PNEUMATICALLY OPRATED HAMMER DEVICE Filed sein. sa,v 1952 3 Sheets- Sheet 2 JNVENToR.' WALTER V. CORNETT ATTORNEYS' PNEUMATICALLY GPERATED HAMMER DEVICE Walter V. Cornett, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application September 9, 1952, Serial No. 308,681

2 Claims. (Cl. 241-271) This invention relates to a pneumatically operated hammer device, and has for its object the provision of a device having a pneumatic hammer mounted on a carriage, said carriage being movably mounted on a platform, said platform being movably mounted on rails to permit longitudinal adjustment of said platform over a material to be broken. As the carriage is movable transverse the platform, the hammer carried by said carriage can-by the conjoint positioning of said carriage and platformbe positioned to strike at any point within the area of a xed breaking table positioned below said platform and upon which the material to be broken is placed.

Another object is to provide a hammer device of the class described in combination with a bulldozer, the latter used to position and remove material on the breaking table of the hammer device.

A further object is to provide a hammer balanced by being in the center of its supporting carriage.

A further object is to centralize all the controls in easy reach of the operator.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a front elevational view of the hammer device with parts 60, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, removed for the sake of clarity, this View being taken looking in the direction of the arrow marked Fig 1 in Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Figure 1, including a bulldozer in combination therewith;

Figure 3 is a detail view of the air motor 44 and associated parts for moving the carriage C shown in Figures 1 and 2; and

Figure 4 is a diagram showing the piping and connections of the apparatus used in connection with the apparatus shown in the preceding figures.

This specification and the drawings disclose a preferred embodiment of the device to illustrate the invention; however, when the inventive concept herein described is undertood, it is obvious that many changes can be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts Without departing from the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Referring to Figure l, numeral denotes a substantial concrete base carrying a breaking table 11 of cast iron having upwardly extending sides 12, 13, and having a trough-like formation running the full length of the base. Table 11 is adapted to carry any kind of material such as slabs, billets and the like S requiring a heavy impact blow to break them into smaller pieces. The machine is designed to handle either hot or cold material. The base 10 has upstanding supports 14, 15, running the full length of the base, and carrying secured thereto rails or tracks 16, 17, supporting the wheels or rollers 18, 19, 20, 21, of the longitudinally movable platform generally denoted as P or framework, the side members of which are shown at 22, 23. Such platforms are about 17 feet wide, as seen in Figure 1, and are of heavy construction. Additional wheels 24, -as many as desired-may be used to support said platform.

The platform is of any suitable construction, and in nited States Patent O ice 2 addition to the side members 22, 23, has cross members 26, 27.

Secured to side member 23 is a bracket 28 supporting a suitable motor 29, which via chain 30 drives the shaft 31 extending across the platform and journaled on side member 22. This shaft carries sprocket 32, driving chain 33 to sprocket 34 on the shaft of pulley 18 to drive the latter. A sprocket 35 on shaft 31 via chain 36 drives sprocket 37, secured to the shaft of pulley 19.

By the foregoing means motor 29 operated in the proper direction by valve controls 37EL to be presently described, will move the platform previously described in either direction along rails 16, 17.

When valve 37a connected to the main air supply 89 admits air to pipe 37b to the motor 29 for rotation in one direction, it vents pipe 37e to atmosphere. When valve 37a is moved to its other position, air is admitted to pipe 37s and the direction of the motor is reversed, pipe 37b being vented to atmosphere. This is a well known method of operating air-motors such as 29 and is shown merely for the sake of illustration, as any suitable arrangement of the valve, motor and piping can be used.

The platform P carries thereon a carriage, generally denoted by C, constructed in any suitable manner, supported on four wheels or rollers 38, 39, 40, 41, which are suitably removably attached to the underside of carriage C =by any suitable means such as brackets, two of which are shown at 42, 43, Figure l. Rollers 38 to 41 are supported on the upper face of cross members 26, 27.

As best seen in Figure 3, a suitable motor 44, mounted on platform C drives via worm 45, gear 46 and shaft 47, the wheels 39 and 40. Motor 44 is controlled by the two-way valve 4S so that the motor can be operated in either direction to move carriage C to the right or left, Figure l, over platform P when said platform is in any position on rails 16, 17.

To prevent carriage C from moving laterally in respect to members 26, 27, four wheels 49, 50, 51, 52, suitably supported in brackets secured to carriage C bear in sidewise relation against members 26, 27. If necessary, these wheels may be grooved to engage the outstanding edges or flanges on 26, 27, to prevent vertical motion of carriage C as Well as lateral motion thereof; any other suitable means may be employed to prevent vertical and lateral motion of carriage C so that its motion is confined to the right-left motion on platform P, as previously described.

Mounted upon carriage C are four vertical cylinders 53, 54, 55, 56, containing pistons and piston rods, two of which are shown in Figure l at 57, 58. The lower ends of these four rods connect to a baflie plate 59 near the corners thereof, said plate having an aperture 59a therein to permit a hammer to extend therethrough as later described.

Cylinders 53 to 56, inclusive, are connected to a hydraulic system, as best seen in Figure 4, comprising a suitable motor 60 (preferably an electric motor), driving pump 61 connected to a surge and supply tank 62 and to the two-way valve 63 and to a main equalizer 64, and auxiliary equalizers 65 and 66. The cylinders 53 to S6 are connected to the equalizers in the usual manner.

Referring to Figure 4, when the handle of valve 63, shown at the immediate right of the operators seat in Figure 2 is moved in one direction, hydraulic fluid flows from pump 61 via pipe 61a to valve 63 and from the valve via pipe 6317 to the main equalizer 64 from which the fluid flows via pipes 64a, 64b to the auxiliary equalizers 65 and 66. From the auxiliary equalizers the uid ows via pipes 65a, 65b, 65C, 65d to the cylinders 53, 54, 55 and 56 and raises the pistons connected to plate 59 to raise the plate. Where the handle of valve 63 is in its center or neutral position, the valve is closed and the pistons held in the adjusted position and the pipe 63e is closed off in the usual manner and the pistons are held immovable with the plate raised as high as desired. Pipe 61a is then connected via valve 63 to pipe 63C and tank 62. To lower plate 59 the handle of valve 63 is moved in the opposite direction and hydraulic uid flows via pipes 65a, 6,5b, 65C and 65d from cylinders 53 to 56 incl. to the auxiliary equalizers 65 and 66 and from these and from 65 and 66 to the main equalizer 64 and via pipe 6313 to valve 63 and then via pipe 63C to tank 62. This permits the liquid to drain from the cylinders and plate 59 is lowered to the desired extent. During the lowering operation, pipe 61a is connected to pipe 63e and Valve 63 in the usual manner and the liquid from pump 61 is delivered to tank 62 via pipe 611; and from the tank to the pump. The capacity of pipe 63C and the tank is sutilcient to take the return flow from the cylinders 53 to 56 incl. as well as the liquid circulated by the pump. This is a well known method of operating cylinders such as 53 to 56 incl. and is shown merely for the sake of illustration, as any suitable arrangement of pump, valve, tank, equalizers and cylinders can be used.

The parts 53 to 56, and the pistons and rods and plate 5,9, parts 60 to 66, inclusive, are all carried by carriage C and move therewith, and by manipulating valve 63, the plate 59 may be raised and lowered to accommodate slabs or billets S of varying thicknesses and held in any desired position.

A suitable pneumatic hammer assembly generally denoted by the numeral 67, and which may be of the type described in detail in the co-pending application Ser. No. 705,446, tiled October 24, 1946, now U. S. Patent Number 2,613,923, issued October 14, 1952, is mounted on carriage C, which has an opening therein to permit the passage of the hammer head 68 and the piston rod 69 therethrough. The stroke of said hammer is as shown in dotted lines Figure l. For this present application, it is sucient to describe the hammer mechanism as powerful enough to reciprocate a heavy hammer head and to strike a regulated blow of 500 to 2500 foot pounds.

A two-way valve mechanism 70 is connected to the hammer as best seen in Figure 4 and by means of handle 71, said valve may be manipulated to vary the speed of the blows of said hammer and their intensity.

` When handle 71 is in the vertical position for example in the center in the type of valve shown in Figure 4 the air supply 89 is shut olf.

When handle 71 is moved upwardly valve 70 connects the air from 89 to pipe 89a and to the cylinder of the hammer assembly 67 below the piston and raises the piston therein. At the same time the pipe 89b is vented to 'atmosphere at 70a by the valve. To move the piston downwardly, handle '71 is moved downwardly, admitting air via pipe 89b above the piston, and at the same time venting pipe 89a to atmosphere at 70a. This is a .well known method of operating pneumatic hammers of the lass described, and is shown merely for the sake of illustrating as anyv suitable arrangement of valve 70, air supply 89, hammer assembly 67 and piping can be used.

A bulldozer attachment may be employed with the device previously described, and may comprise an extension 72 to base 10 carrying the long cylinder 73 having a piston and piston rod, and upon the outer end of the rod is' mounted the pusher blade 74 of the bulldozer, said blade being adapted to t the trough-like breaking table 11 so as to push slab S onto said table from the rear of the device and out of the front 75 thereof. The bulldozer may, therefore, be used to load and unload the table 11.

VvThe blade 74 is Von an angle, the bottom thereof pro-A ject/ing forwardly, and thereY may be runners 76, 77, extending rearwardly to guide said blade. 73ispivoted at 78, 79, to permit it to move vertically.

' The plates 80 and 8,1 are secured to extension 72 of tliebasve, or, in any other manner, so as. to remain xed The cylinder.

4 to support the rear. end of cylinder 73 to take the thrust of the bulldozer.

By means of a flexible hose 82, 83, the cylinder 73 is connected via the four-way valve 84 to tank 85 and pump 36 driven by motor 87. By manipulating valve 84 as usual, the piston rod 88 may be caused to move blade 74 toward the front of the device, and withdraw the blade therefrom.

When blade 74 is moved to the right Figure 4, the pipe 82 connected to the rear end of cylinder 73 is connected to valve 84 and to pipe 84a to receive liquid from pump 86. At the same time pipe 83 is connected by valve 84 to pipe 84b to receive the liquid ahead of the piston in cylinder 73 and conduct it to tank 85 from which it returns to pump 86 via pipe 84C. When the process is reversed, to move blade 74 to the left, valve 84 is moved to the opposite position, and then liquid flows from the pump 86 via pipe 84a to valve 84 and via pipe 83 to the front end of cylinder. 73,-pushing the piston therein to the left. At the samel time pipe 82 is connected by valve 84 via pipe 8,4b to tank 85. This arrangement of cylinder 73, valve 84, motor. 87, pump 86 and tank 85 and the connecting piping shown in Figure 4 is well known and in extensive use and is. here shown merely by way of illustration, as any suitable means can be employed to move the blade 74 as described.

To usel the device, the main air supply 89 is connected by the usual iiexible hose to a suitable air compressor (not shown) and motors 87 and 60 are started, operating oil pumps 61 and 86. The operator now occupies seat 96 where he can easily reach control valves 37a, 48, 63 and 71.

By operating valve 84, the bulldozer blade 74 is moved left as far as it will go, and by operating valve 37EL the operator runs platform P carrying carriage C to the left over thev bulldozer blade to expose the breaking table 11. The material S is now placed on table 11 and may be positioned thereon by using the bulldozer in a manner that will be obvious.

The operator byyalve 37a now moves platform P over the material S so that hammer 68 will strike the same. If lateral adjustment is necessary, the operator manipulates valve 48 thereby moving carriage C across platform P until they hammer 68 is properly positioned to do its work.

The operator now manipulates valve 71 striking as many blows as desired, and manipulating valves 37a and 48 to position the hammer relative to the work S, to strike a blow at any point within the area of work table 11.

The operator, therefore, can at all times move the hammer longitudinally on tracks 16, 17, andV transversely by carriage Con platform'P, and if necessaryncan ad-` just bafile plate 59` to overlie the work S to prevent fragments thereof from striking the bottom of the platform P.

When the. slab VSV is suiciently brokenfthe Voperator bymeans of. valve 37E-runs platform P to the extreme left, and stooping over on leaving his seat, operates valve 84 to cause theV bulldozer blade 74 to push the fragments of S to the right, off the table 11 and into a hopper or bin:

provided at the right, Figure 2.

It will be obvious that valve 84 may be connected by a cable to a handle near the seat whereby an operator can manipulate said valve'without leaving his seat. Also the necessary starting switches Vfor motors 60 and 87 can be positioned near' said seat.

What is. claimed is:

l. A machine ofthe character described comprising a base having a pair ofupstanding side walls on opposite sides thereof. to define a trough, a pair yof parallel rails secured alongthe top. edges of said side walls, a platform mounted on said rails, said platform including a pair Yofl wheelV supported elongate side members longitudinally overlying and supportedl on said rails and a pair of spaced parallel cross members extending between and interconnecting said side membersfineans mounted on said platform for driving said wheels, a carriage having wheels on its under side engaged upon said cross members and having drive means therefor for movement of the carriage transversely of the platform, a pneumatically operated hammer mounted on said carriage for reciprocation along a substantially vertical axis, a plurality of vertical cylinders mounted on said carriage, pistons rods extending downwardly from said cylinders, and a horizontal baille plate carried by the lower ends of said piston rods and having an opening therein through which said hammer is movable.

2. A machine of the character described comprising a base having a pair of upstanding side walls on opposite sides thereof to define a trough, a pair of parallel rails secured along the top edges of said side walls, a platform mounted on said rails, said platform including a pair of wheel supported elongate side members longitudinally overlying and supported on said rails and a pair of spaced parallel cross members extending between and interconnecting said side members, means mounted on said plat- 5 form for driving said wheels, a carriage having wheels on its under side engaged upon said cross members and having drive means therefor for movement of the carriage transversely of the platform, a pneumatically operated hammer mounted on said carriage for reciprocation along a substantially vertical axis, and a pusher mechanism mounted between the side walls of said base for moving material beneath the hammer.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 908,381 Bennett Dec. 29, 1908 1,138,627 Considine May 11, 1915 1,891,221 Cornett Dec. 20, 1932 2,481,917 Exum Sept. 13, 1949 2,613,923 Cornett Oct. 14, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 4,923 Great Britain Feb. 28, 1906 28,479 Sweden Mar. 5, 1910

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