US280640A - Car-brake - Google Patents

Description

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GAR BRAKE.

No. 280,640. Patented July 3, .1883

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V GAR BRAKE. No. 280,640. Patented July 3, 1883.

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E. W. LIP-PINGOTT. GAR BRAKE.

No. 280,640. Patented July 3, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Gracia.

EBENEZER W. YLIPPINCOTT, OF GRAFTON, VEST VIRGINIA.

- CAR-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,640, dated July 3, 1883.

Application iiledMay 17,1883. (NomodeL) T aZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, EBENEZER W. LIPPIN- corr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grafton, in the State of West Virginia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Car- Brakes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to car-brakes, and es pecially to that class of braking mechanism which is employed upon coalcars in which the body of each car is divided into three compartments having a discharging or unloading gate in the bottom of each. These cars being ordinarily mounted upon four pairs of wheels, two axles being placed near each end of the car, difficulty has been experienced in applying braking mechanism to any excepting the end wheels, since the brake-beams and connecting-rods interfere with the operation of the gates and obstruct the discharge of the coal from the car.

It is the obj eet of my invention to provide a simple and effective mechanism which may be applied to this class of cars and used upon each pair of wheels, the brake-connections being wholly removed from beneath the gates, and the transverse brake-beams being dispensed with, excepting at the extreme ends of the car, where they present no obstruction. It is also proposed to combine with mechanism of this character devices for equalizing the action of the several brake-shoes upon both sides of the car, whereby the brakes may be set with equal force upon the wheels on opposite sides.

To this end, therefore, my invention consists in suspending the brakes from the side of the car, with a brake-lever attached to each end and extending from one outer side support diagonally downward and inward, the connection being carried from its lower end to the actuatinglever, whereby the transverse brake-beams may be dispensed with and the connections arranged beneath the sides'of the car.

It further consists in the combination, with independent brakes suspended centrally from each side of the car, of a pair of brake-levers between each side pair of brakes, said levers be ing linked together at their upper extremities, and having their lower ends connected to a lever-arm upon a transverse brake-beam at the end of the car, which may be turned by an actuating-arm or other suitable means.

It further consists in the combination, with the brake-connections, of devices mounted upon or connected with the transverse brakebeam at the end of the car, whereby the set of the brakes may be automatically equalized throughout the whole number of brakes used upon each car, whereby the power is applied at the greatest advantage, and undue strain upon any single point, together with the unequal wear of the mechanism, is prevented.

My invention also consists in the several novel features of construction and the combinations of parts hereinafter described, and

pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a car, illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bottom of the car shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of'one side of a car provided with a brake and its actuating-lever. Fig. 4: is an elevation showing the arrangement of two pair of brakes with their operating devices. 5 is a plan view, showing the bottom of the car illustrated in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a side ele vation of a car, taken from between the wheels, showing a modified arrangement for applying brakes to three pair of wheels only, together 80 with a modification of the equalizing apparatus. Fig. 7 is a plan view of Fig. 6, the body of the car being removed.

A in said drawings indicates the body of the car, which is in all essential respects of 85 receive and support the spring-boxes upon 0 the sides of the car.

Gates D are placed in the bottom of the car, between the axles, for the discharge of the coal, said gates opening downward in the usual manner.

E indicates the brake-shoe, which may be 5 of any desired form, having lugs or eyes a, to which a suspending-link, b, is connected. This link is attached to a plate, F, bolted to the side beam of the car, and having an inwardlyprojecting portion provided with lugs, to which 1 oo Fig. 2 is a detail view.

Fig.

the link I) is secured by a pin, thereby holding the brakeshoe in front of the tread of the wheel. The plate F is provided with a strengthening-web, c, to enable it to resist the strain to which the parts are subjected.

Upon the outer border of the plate F are formed lugs 67, between which is pivoted the upper extremity of a lever, G, which is bent just below the point of attachment and directed inward and downward, as shown in Fig.

3, crossing the suspended brake E, to which it is connected by lugs c upon its back, the lower end of said lever being carried inward and downward to a point below the plane of the axles C, and having an eye to receive the brake connection or rod H. The latter extends beneath the axles and parallel with the sides of the car toward the end, where it is connected to an arm, g, upon a transverse beam, I, which connects the brakes E, arranged beneath the extreme end of the car. This bar is j ournaled at its ends in loops or bearings 71, formed upon the backs of the brakes E, and has an arm, K, the end of which is connected by a chain with the barrel of a windlass or other suitable device. By the illustration in Fig. r it will be seen that when the mechanism is operated, the brakes will set toward each other.

The apparatus as shown in the figure last mentioned brakes two pairs of wheels only, and while it may be duplicated for the other pair and operated from both ends of the car, it may also be so arranged that three pair or all four pair of wheels may be braked from one of the cars only. The latter arrangement is illustrated in'Fig. 1, and will be first described.

The end brakes, E, which are arranged beneath the extreme ends of the car, are connected with each other by a transverse beam, I, which may also carry the actuating levers or arms K K and g, as already described, the beam I, which connects the other end pair, be ing used to support the equalizing devices, presently to be described. The brakes which act upon the four wheels between the end wheels are suspended by links I) bin such manner that the brakes upon the same side shall hang between the wheels and act upon them in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. 1. These brakes are each set by levers G G, connected to each by a pin which passes through two lugs, i 1', placed side by side upon the back of the brake, but arranged diagonally to correspond with the position of the lever which is set between them. The levers G Gnpon the same side of the car have their upper extremities coupled together by means of alink, L, having its ends forked. They are not, however, connected with the car in the manner shown in Fig. 3, and already described, but are supported in placeby the links b, their ex tremities being confined against lateral displacement by a plate, M, having two diverging strips, m on, as shown in detail in Fig. 2. Said plate is bolted to the side of the car, and is of such dimensions that the diverging portions extend over the coupled ends 01' the levers G, and between which they may have sn 1'- ficient longitudinal but no lateral play.

The brake-rods H run from the arms 11 upon the actuating brake-beams I. to the two levers G G upon opposite sides of the car and nearest to the beam I. Similar rods or connections run from the lower extremities of the other pair of levers, G G, to the brake beam I, which is at the opposite end of the car, being merely suspended therefrom. Upon this beam are mounted sheaves or equivalent devices, a a, arranged in line with each of the side connections or rods, I-I. Around these sheaves is passed a chain connected to said brake-rods or, if preferred, two short sec tions of chain, N N, may be employed, with a short transverse link, H, between them, as an intermediate connection. The purpose of the devices last described is to equalize the action of the brakes relatively to each other, the operation being as follows:

\Vhen the brake-Windlass at the end of the car is operated. and the arm K drawn upward, the arms g y will at once act upon the first pair of lovers, G G, drawing their lower extremities toward the beam I, and setting the brakes with which said levers are connected, as well as those mounted 011 the beam I. At this moment the said levers G G, by means of the links L, throw the upper ends of the remaining pair oflevcrs, G 1 toward the beam 1, thereby tightening the brake rods or connections which connect the lower ends of said levers with said beam, and thus setting all four of the brakes upon that end of the car. Now if, as not unfrequently happens, one or more of the brakes upon the same side of the car should, from any cause, set before the others, it will be seen that the whole power of the brake will be applied at that point, and there will be danger not only of rapidly dc stroying the part by excessive wear, but that some of the connections will give way under the excessive strain. By the simple arrangement shown in Fig. 2, or by the modification thereof shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the connections will automatically adjust themselves, un der the tension of the braking mechanism, so as to produce a perfect equalization of pressure upon each side.

In Figs. 6 and 7 an arrangement is shown for using brakes upon three pairs of wheels. In such case I arrange and operate the apparatus upon the end pair of wheels in the same manner already described in connection with Figs. 3 and 4. Brakes may be applied to either pair of the remaining wheels, and are operated by levers G G, arranged in the manner already described. The brake-rods H are carried from the lower ends of both pairs of levers G to the equalizing-arms I I, which are connected with arms g 9 upon the beam I. Instead of the arms P I, I may substitute sheaves and connect the brake-rods by a chain passing over said sheave.

By the construction and arrangement of dispense with the transverse brake-beams, ex-

cept at one or both ends of the car, where they form no obstruction to the unloading of the contents. Moreover, the entire system of brakeconnections is brought from beneath the body of the car and placed at the side, leaving almost the entire space under floor clear, and rendering the apparatus far more simple and effective, as well as much cheaper, than the mechanism hitherto in use. The con sideration of economy alone in this class of cars is of importance, as they are built wholly with an eye to strength, durability, and cheapness.

I11 the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the ends of the brake-levers G and G may be provided with two or more perforations, 1), adapted to engage with the connecting-link L, so that the lever may be dropped or raised by setting the pin in one or the other of said openings. The link also may have more than one perforation in each of its forked ends, whereby the upper extremities of the levers G G may be adjusted toward and from each other, thus taking up any slack in the connections or compensating for any inequality in the interval between the wheels upon op posite sides. I

The brakes hereinbefore described may be applied to freight-cars and passenger-cars of every description, as well as to coal-ears. When applied to freight or passenger cars, the brake-lever is pivoted horizontally to a support beneath the car, instead of being suspended from the side in the manner shown in the drawings. In other respects the construction and operation of the parts do not substan tially differ from that of the brake mechanism rotating shaft connecting two brake-shoes, and

provided with two arms, one connected with the brake-rod and the other for connecting with mechanism for rotating the shaft, substantially as described.

2. In a car-brake, the combination of a pair of disconnected brake-shoes suspended from opposite sides of the car by pivotedlinks,with independent brake-levers connected at their upper ends with the sides of the car, and extending diagonally inward and downward across the back of the brake-shoes with which they are connected, brake-rods arranged along the sides of the car and connected with the lower ends of the brake-levers, and a rotating shaft connecting apair of brakes, and provided with two projecting arms connected with the brake-rods, and another arm for connecting with mechanism to rotate the said shaft, substantially as described.

3. In a car-brake, the combination of two pairs of brake-shoes suspended from the sides of the car adjacent to each other between two pairs of the truck-wheels, with two pairs of brake-levers, each pair connected with the side of the car between said two pairs of truckwheels and extending across the brakeshoes, two plates pivotally coupling together the upper ends of the respective pairs of brake levers, and brake-rods arranged inside the carwheels parallel to the sides of the car, and connected, respectively, with the inner ends of the brake-levers, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with three pairs of brakes, each pair suspended from one side of the car and disconnected from the opposite pair, of levers coupled at their upper ends, connected with said brakes, and having brakerods passing from opposite levers toward opposite ends of the car, a rotating beam carrying end brakes at one end, and a rigid beam carrying brakes at the opposite end, and sheaves carried by the latter beam, with a chain passing around them and connecting the ends of the brake-rods, substantially as de scribed.

5. The combination, with the brake-levers coupled in pairs upon opposite sides of the car,-of a plate bolted to the-side beam and having longitudinal diverging strips, between which the extremities of the linked levers have play, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a coal-car having a discharge-gate in its floor, of a brake-shoe suspended by a link from the car-side, a'lever pivoted in lugs to the side beam, and extending diagonally downwardthrough lugs in the brake to which it is pivoted, a rotating beam arranged beneath the end of the car and can rying brakes for the end pair of wheels, and arms projecting from said beam and connected with the brake rods and levers, and an actuating arm connected with the brakeavindlass, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

E. \V. LIPPINOOTT.

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