US2802752A

US2802752A - Process of treating textile fabric

Info

Publication number: US2802752A
Application number: US401150A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr George H Wood
Original assignee: Apponaug Co
Current assignee: Apponaug Co
Priority date: 1953-12-30
Filing date: 1953-12-30
Publication date: 1957-08-13
Anticipated expiration: 1974-08-13

Description

1957 G. H. woop, JR

PROCESS OF TREATING TEXTILE FABRIC Filed Dec. 30, 1953 w. a. m A 6 my 6 G ATTORNEYS,

km M uOJo United States Patent PROCESS OF TREATING TEXTILE. FABRIC George H. Wood, Jr., East Greenwich, R. 1., assignor to The Apponaug Company, a corporation of Delaware Application December 30, 1953, Serial No. 401,150

3 Claims. (Cl. 117-11) This invention relates to the finishing of textile fabrics and has to do particularly with fabrics which are embossed or pleated.

In the finishing of such fabrics as have the surfaces defiected such as their surfaces sharply folded or their surfaces embossed, it is usual to apply some resin to the fabric and then apply heat to the fabric, the heat being essential for proper finishing of the fabric. When hot rolls are used, if colors are at once applied to the fabric, the colors tend to stick and build up on the rolls and make stopping and cleaning of the rolls necessary. Also faults occur in the fabric by reason of this sticking and quick drying. Attempts have been made to use a different ink or color to withstand the heat of the calender bowl, but the use of special carriers and special colors is not desirable.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a resin which may be placed in the fabric, which will permit folding, embossing, and other positioning of the surface of the fabric as desired without the use of heat so that regular pigment colors and ordinary binders for pigment colors in a water medium may be used.

Another object of the invention is to provide a resin .composition which will avoid mechanical difficulties in the .operation of the mechanism for applying the resin and subsequent operations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a resin which will permit coloring of embossed fabrics,.both inlay and tipping onthe same machine or in the same operation with the embossing;

Other objects will appear as a more detailed descrip- :tion of the invention is hereinafter recited.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the travel of :a web of fabric through a padder for the application of resin which is the subject of this application;

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic viewshowing the travel of the'fabric after the padding step through the embossing and coloring steps.

In Figure 1 I have illustrated the supply of a web .of

fabric at with a padder at 11 through which the fabric 12 passes, being guided by guide rolls 13 and 14 and passed through squeeze rolls 15 and 16. The composition which is the subject of this invention is applied in this padder maintaining a bath thereof such that the fabric 12 is=immersedatherein as it passes through the padder. The squeeze rolls Will squeeze from the fabric sufficient of the applied liquid" resin so that about 75 percent of the weight of the fabric 'is added to the fabric by reason of the resin picked up therein, The fab'ricis then guided over rolls' 17 and 18 with a part of the moisture taken out by the zig-zagpassage in dem'oisturer I9 thence over

rolls

20, 21, 22', and 23 to a tenter frame 24 where it is further dried so that the gain in weight of the dry fabric will be about 10 percent of moisture. The fabric then passes over guide roll 25 and i's 'batch'edasat 26.

The subsequent operation on the batch 26 is to draw this fabric over guide roll 27, thence over the paper bowl ice 28 and between it and the steel embossing cylinder 29 which has been previously run into the paper bowl sufficiently to impress its raised design therein, thence over guiding roll 30 and to the curing unit designated generaly The

rolls

28 and 29 are run cold or at room temperature and color may be applied to the fabric at the same time that surface deflecting or embossing takes place either to the low or indented surfaces of the embossed fabric by the mechanism shown generally at 32, or color may be applied at another location on the paper bowl to the raised or tipped portions of the fabric by the mechanism shown generally at 33, or both of these color applications may occur in the same operation.

The mechanism 32 comprises a shallow trough 35 of color 34 which may be the regular pigment colors in an ordinary pigment binder in a Water medium. The color material is picked up by metal roll 36 and thence transferred to rubber roll 37, thence to rubber roll 38, and thence to the raised portions of the engraved steel cylinder 29 so that as embossing of the fabric takes place, the fabric is at the same time imprinted with the color on the low portions of the fabric while they are in engagement with the low impressed portions of the paper bowl 28.

In the mechanism shown at 33, there is a doctor blade 40 which is used as a color box to maintain color 41 of the same type as at 34 which is applied to the engraved metal roll 35. This roll transfers the color to rubber roll 36, thence to another rubber roll 37, and thence to a rubber tipping roll 38 which applies it to the tips or raised portion of the fabric while in engagement with the paper bowl.

In order that I may accomplish the cold embossing with the

rolls

28 and 29 and at the same time apply the color as I have indicated, I have provided a composition which consists of a thermoplastic material and also a thermosetting material along with a catalyst. A softener may also be used. The proportions of the materials are as follows:

1 to 10% theromplastic material 3 to 15% thermosetting type resin 1 to 3% catalyst 0 to 4% softener Balance water to The thermoplasticmaterial may consist of any of the following:

Polyvinyl alcohol (Elvanol72-60) Hydroxyethylcellulose (Cellogum) Carboxymethylcellulose (Uscoplast 900) Mixtures of vinyl acetate co-polymer complex and cationic vinyl acetate co-polymer complex.

The thermosetting type resins used are as follows:

1. High polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup (Uscoset' 2. A modified urea formaldehyde resin made from urea formaldehyde and Z-meth'yl 2-4 p'entanediol (Uscoset 3. A low polymer urea formaldehyde resin (Useoset 101) A suitable catalyst is non-ammonium stable organic amine salt (Catalyst AC4 Monsanto Chemical Co.)'. Another catalyst which might be used is diammonium phosphate.

A softener which might be used is highly sulphonated Castor oil or mixed cationic and anionic long chain derivative (Calco softener H-American Cyanamid Co), or any water miscible resinv plasticizer.

.5) Examples (The parts are by weight) 1. 12 /2 parts vinyl acetate co-polymer complex 45-50% concentration (AquexBNW) 12 /2 parts cationic vinyl acetate co-polymer complex 4550% concentration (Aquex BNWC) 60 parts high polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup 70% strength (Uscoset 700L) 1 10 parts non-ammonium stable organic amine salt (Catalyst AC4) 305 parts water 2. 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Elvanol) made into a paste with 45 parts of Water 20 parts of high polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup (Uscoset 700L) "4 parts of urea p parts of non-ammonium'stable organic amine salt' (Catalyst AC4) 5 parts of 2-methyl-2,4 pentanediol 311 parts water 2-methyl-2,4 pentanediol is used in this case as a plasticizer or softener. 3. 50 parts of carboxymethylcellulose 45% concentration (Uscoplast 900) 150 parts low polymer urea formaldehyde resin 25% strength (Uscoset 101) 10 parts of diammonium phosphate 190 parts Water In this example the diammonium phosphate is the catalyst but any other catalyst could be substituted. 4. 25 parts of vinyl acetate co-polymer complex (Aquex BNW) 25 parts of cationic vinyl acetate co-polymer complex (Aquex BNWC) 4 parts urea 100 parts low polymer urea formaldehyde resin (Uscoset 101) 20 parts high polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup (Uscoset 700L) 10 parts catalyst 216 parts Water 5. 60 parts carboxymethylcellulose (Uscoplast 900) 20 parts high polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup (Uscoset 700L) i V 100 parts modified urea formaldehyde resin made from urea, formaldehyde and 2-methyl 2-4-pentanediol (Uscoset Resin 150) 10 parts diammonium phosphate. 210 parts water 6. 4 parts polyvinyl alcohol (Elvanol) mixed with 36 parts water 7 100 parts modified urea formaldehyde resin made from urea, formaldehyde and Z-methyl 2-4-pentanediol (Uscoset 150) 13 parts high polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup (Uscoset 700L) 7 parts non-ammonium stable organic amine salt (Catalyst AC4) 240 parts water 7. 5 quarts vinyl acetate co-polymer complex (BNW) 5 quarts cationic vinyl acetate co-polymer complex (BNWC) 2 gallons high polymer urea formaldehyde resin syrup (Uscoset 700L) 2 pounds dicyandiamide (Dicy) 5 gallons low polymer urea formaldehyde resin (Uscoset 101) 2 quarts mixed cationic and anionic long chain derivative (Calco softener H) 2 quarts non-ammonium stable organic amine salt (Catalyst AC4) To 30 gallons total volume with water 8. 2 /2 gallons carboxymethylcellulose (Uscoplast 900) 7 /2 gallons low polymer urea formaldehyde resin (Uscoset 101) 2 quarts 2-rnethyl 2-4-pentanediol 2 quarts mixed cationic and anionic long chain derivative (Calco softener H) 2 pounds dicyandiarnide (Dicy) 2 quarts non-ammonium stable organic amine salt (Catalyst AC4) To 30 gallons total volume with water By the use of the compositions hereinabove mentioned, the fabric may be folded and rolled to form pleats or may be embossed as illustrated in the diagrammatic drawing herein described for the obtaining of embossing patterns or schreinered effects, and'the set of the fabric in the embossed condition is found to obtain a highly satisfactory loft even after washing many times. From the tests which I have applied, I have found that of the thermo setting type resins listed the high polymer urea formaldehyde resin was the best for this high loft, a mixture of this resin with the Z-methyl 2-4-pentanediol was next to the best, the modified urea formaldehyde resin using urea, formaldehyde and Z-methyl 2-4-pentanediol was third, and the low polymer urea formaldehyde resin was fourth. Of the thermoplastic materials, the polyvinyl alcohol was the best, the carboxymethylcellulose was second, and the hydroxy-ethylcellulose and the mixtures of vinyl acetate co-polymer complex and cationic vinyl acetate copolymer complex were about equal for the third place.

Some of these products are found to give a rather harsh hand, and some softening material may need to be used. The vinyl acetate co-polymer complex and cationic vinyl acetate co-polymer complex seem'to give the better hand in this respect. Consequently, in view of the desired functions to be produced, the compositions which afford the more desirable characteristics would be those chosen although satisfactory results may be obtained by the other materials mentioned.

I claim:

1. In the process of treating a textile material, the steps of immersing the material in a bath of water, a catalyst, and a mixture of thermosetting resins and thermoplastic material in which the thermosetting resin is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of high polymer urea-formaldehyde, a resin made of urea-formaldehyde and 2-methyl, 2-4 pentanediol, and low polymer urea formaldehyde, in a range by weight of from 3 percent to 15 percent, and in which the thermoplastic material is at least one material selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol, in a range by weight of from 1 percent to 10 percent, drying to about 10 percent moisture and then passing the fabric so treated through surface deflecting calendar rolls at room temperature.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein the thermosetting resins are a mixture of resins selected from the recited thermosetting resin group.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic material is a mixture of thermoplastic materials from the recited thermoplastic material group.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS page 13.