US280131A

US280131A - chambers

Info

Publication number: US280131A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 1900-06-26

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. CHAMBERS. APPARATUS FOR 000mm AIR FOR RBPRIGERATING, FREEZING, AND

OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.

No. 280,131. Patentefl .T me 26 N. PETERS Phato-Lilhognphor. wunin ton. D. c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. CHAMBERS. APPARATUS FOR COOLING AIR FOR REFRIGERATINGfFREEZING, AND

OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.

No. 280,131. Patented June 26, 1883.

wn/es ses @Zw w N, PETERS Pholn-Lilhflgnphur, Wanhmgiom n.c.

U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN CHAMBERS, or TE MATA, NEW 'ZEALAND.

APPARATUS FOR COOLING AIR FOR REFRlGERATlNG, FREEZING, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,131, dated June 26, 1883.

Application filed September 9,18F2. (No model.) Patented in England April 27, 18$2,No.1,984.

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN CHAMBERS, of Te Mata, New. Zealand, at present residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, in the United Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improve. ments in Apparatus for Cooling Air for Befrigerating, Freezing, and other like Pun poses, (for which I have received Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 1,984, dated April 27, 1882 and Ido declare that the following is a clear and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cooling air, in which the air is caused to pass through pipes (surrounded by a refrigerated substance) so arranged that the moisture in the air in excess of saturation is separated from the air and removed as water, thereby making it practicable to h ve a very compact arrangement of cooling-pipes located either within or outside of the chamber or space to be cooled, and freed from the liability of the air-passages being closed by the formation and lodgment of snow or ice within the pipes or in the passages. In all similar a-rrangements heretofore constructed this stoppage of the air-passages has caused serious trouble and has been considered by many as an insurmountable difficulty. Saturated air contains aqueous vapor in varying quantities, dependent up on the temperature ofthe air; but, invariably decreasing with every reduction of temperature, the excess of moisture forms into such infinitesimal drops that they are held in suspension in the air. It is this moisture in excess of saturation that causes the trouble in this class of air-cooling arrangements; and the The methods I more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings; but before proceeding to describe them I would remark that my invention does not consist of or include any method of producing cold, but only in the necessary apparatus for its absorption and distribution.

of the well-known condensable gases; but the appliances for producing a refrigcn'a-tedliquid are not ShOWlL' chambers; A, Figs. 1 and 2, depositing-chant hers in base A; B, Figs. 1, 2, and 1t, casings or cylinders containing pipes; 0, groups of bent pipes in casing B; G, tube-sheets into which both ends of the tubes G are fixed; 1'), Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, mid-feather or partition dividing baseA; 1), Figs. 1 and 4, midfcather between legs of pipes E, Figs. 1 and 2, drain-pipe underlying the depositing-chamber A; E, Fig. l, sehri-rmrtitions across drainpipes E; F, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, air-inlet pipes; F, Figs. 2 and 3,'air outlet pipes; 1", Figs. 1 and 2, openings inpassagesinto compartments A; G, Figs. 1, 2, and 4t, brine-phges; H, Figs.

The cold may be produced by the melting of ice or by the vaporization of any 1., 2, and 3, slides or gates in air-pipes F and F; 1, Figs. 1, 2, and .4, cocks or slides in brinepipes; J, Figs. 1 and i,,t] n-ee-way cocks in brinepipes.

The working 0 i apparatus will be best understood by rein ence to the drawings. it is, however, to b u-assumed' that the air-inlet pipe F is connected with a blower capable of displacing the requisite quantity of air against a maximum. pressure of five pounds per square inch, and that the brine-pipe (l is connected with a cold-producing arrangement, and that the cylinders B above the tube-sheet C are filled with a refrigerated non-congealable liquid kept in constant circulation from the cylinder B, where it absorbs the heat from the air passing through the pipes C to the refrigerator of the cold-producing apparatus, where it parts with the heat previously absorbed. It is also to be assumed that saturated air (the conditi on of extreme disadvantage) at atemperature, say, of 80 Fahrenheit is discharged from the blower into the compartment A at a, while the refrigerated liquid is forced into the cy1in der B through the three-way cock J at I), and that the air and brine follow the direction of the respective arrows. The air in the condition and at .the temperature named will contain. eleven grains of aqueous vapor per cubic foot; but when. cooled to 33, a cubic foot will be saturated with. 2.25 grains, and the excess of 8.75 grains will have been deposited upon the metal surfaces of the pipes and chambers during the process of cooling. This surplus moisture first appears in infinitesimal globules, which by forcible contact with metal surfaces are soon aggregated into larger drops, and are swept along with the current of air, and at each downward termination of the pipes the aecumulated water is lodged in the underlying depositing-chamber, while the air passes up and down another group ofthe pipes and againdeposits the accumulated water, and so on through the series. The water lodged in. the different chambers runs into the drain-pipe common to all the chambers, and is from thence conduct ed away. By this method of cooling the airit will be evident that there can not be a formati on -ihe temperature about 25.)

of snow or iceuntil the airis cooled to 32, and then only from the small percentage of moisture not previously deposited, and that when ever there is any formation it will always be in. the groups of pipes farthest removed. from the air-inlet. To liquefy and dislodge any such formation, .1. have only to reverse the current of the air, which llcan readily do by o ening slide It and closing slide II, and this without interruptitm of the flow of air throughthe apparatus. In. the event of air entering the apparatus at a temperature of 32 or below, it would be practically dry and would ca use no deposition; but assuming that air'at this temperature carried sufficient moisture to eongeal,

or that there was a previous formation in the pipes, in such case I. should clear the pipes by compressing the air sutiicient to raise the tem-- per-ature above the melting point of ice. This is doneby throttling the exit-passage. (A press ure of three pounds to the square inch will raise I also make provision for reversing the brinecurrent or withdrawing the brine altogether from either of the cylinders or casings containing the pipes. The drawings showfour groups of pipes; but I do not limit mysel t'to this n umber, nor to any par .ticular size or shape of the casings containing the pipes, but use two or more, according to the number of degrees that the air has to be cooled. Then, again, to avoid complexity in the drawings, the slides are shown to reverse the air-current through each two of the groups of pipes; but in a working arrangement it will be found desirable to arrange the slides so as to control the air-current in each one of the series.

I. am aware that prior to my invention a se ries of casings have been arranged and connected together by air and liquid pipes, said casings being provided with a series of airtubes adapted to be surrounded with liquid. I therefore do not claim such, broadly; but

What I do claim, and desire to sccu re by Lettcrs Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for cooling air, a series of groups of pipes with intervening depositingchambers, combined with an arrangement of slides whereby the current of air maybe passed. through all theseries from right to left or from. left to right, or diverted from passing through each one of the series in either directioinwitlr out interrupting the flow of air through the ap- )aratus, substantially as described and shown.

2. In an apparatus for cooling air, the combination of a series of groups of pipes with intervening depositing-chambers, and the slides, with a pressure-blower, substantially as de scribed, and for the purpose specified.

The continuous pipe G, provided with openings and cocks, as specified, in combination with intersecting casing-pipes i.'ovi('.le l with slides I, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

at. The base A, provided with. depositingchamber A, in combination. with underlying drain-pipc 19, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

5. The base A, provided with depositingchambcr A, in combination with umlerlying drainipe E, provided with semi-partitions ll, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

(5. The compartment A, provided with open ings F", in combination with air-pipes F F, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

7. The compartment A, provided wit-h openings F in combination with air-pipes F I. and a series of slides, II II" It, suliistantially as set forth and sp(, cified.

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\Vitnesses:

.T. K. KrLnoURX, 5 East Jinliurtrcmm, Lcudcnlmi/ St, Lon/Mal C.

(tno. S. IIANFORD,

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