US2796591A

US2796591A - Electrical connector

Info

Publication number: US2796591A
Application number: US531480A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rae S Carter; Edward M Robinson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1955-08-30
Filing date: 1955-08-30
Publication date: 1957-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 1974-06-18

Description

June 1957' R. s. CARTER ETAL ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR Filed Aug 30, 1955 ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR Rae S. Carter, River Forest, and Edward M. Robinson, Oak Park, 111.; said Robinson assignor to said Carter Application August 30, 1955, Serial No. 531,480

11 Claims. (Cl. 339-31) The present invention relates to electrical connectors or plugs. The device of the invention is one part of an electrical connector, such connector being made up of a pair of parts connected respectively to electrical cord lengths and utilized for interconnecting the cord lengths by interconnecting the said parts.

The device, as will be brought out fully hereinafter, may serve alternatively as a male or a female connector part, and thus will be a plug when serving as a male connector part and a socket When serving as a female connector part. The term plug is sometimes commonly used generically to include connector parts of both male and female character, but as used hereinafter it will designate a male connector part.

An object of the invention is to provide an electrical connector part of the foregoing general character and of novel construction that is adjustable for converting it selectively to a male part to be used as a plug or a female part to be used as a socket.

Another object is to provide an electrical connector part of novel construction, that is, adjustable for rendering its contact terminals inaccessible, and thus the device unusable, whereby a safety measure is provided against irresponsible use, as by a small child.

A further object is to provide a connector part of the foregoing character having contact terminals movable to projected position whereby the device may be used as a plug, and to a retracted position whereby the terminals of a cooperating plug may be inserted into the device in engagement with the retracted terminals, and to a third position in which the terminals are positioned totally within the housing of the device and inaccessible to the hands or practically speaking to an element inserted into the housing.

Another object is to provide a connector part of the foregoing character having novel means for releasably locking the terminal-carrying member in any of the positions of the terminals;

A still further object is to provide an electrical connector part of the foregoing character including a control key for releasing the terminal-carrying member from any of its locked positions, that is detachable from the fitting and without which the terminal-carrying member cannot practically be released, whereby the device may be locked in any of its positions and the key removed therefrom; and when the device is locked in unusable position it is rendered safe from attempted irresponsible use as by a small child.

Still another object is to provide a device of the foregoing character that is of unusually simple construction and thus inexpensive, and which is very rugged.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detail description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the connector part embodying the invention, showing the contact terminals in projected position and the device in position for serving as a plug;

States Patent ice Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l but with the terminals in retracted position and the device in a position to serve as a socket;

Fig. 3 is similar to Figs. 1 and 2 but with the contact terminals inaccessible and the device locked against use;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the main part of the housing with a portion broken away, and indicating in dot-dash lines certain grooves that may be provided therein;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the unlocking key; and

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of the device as taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 3, and including the key applied thereto.

Referring in detail to the accompanying drawings, the connector part, which may also be referred to as a line terminal device, is made up of two main parts, namely, a housing or casing 12 and a central core or movable member 14 mounted in the housing. The housing 12 -includes preferably two pieces, a main part 16 and a cap 18, while the central core or movable member 14 includes a body 20, a flange 22 at an inner end thereof and a pair of contact terminals or prongs 24.

The housing or casing 12 serves as the means for grasping the device or handling and manipulating it and the central core or movable member 14 is adjusted or moved within the housing for converting the connector part selectively to a plug or socket or, in other words, to a male connector part or female connector part, respectively. The contact terminals 24, when the device is converted to a plug, are positioned for insertion into a cooperating conventional socket. 0n the other hand, When the device is converted to 'a socket, the contact terminals or prongs are withdrawn substantially into the housing as in Fig. 2 and the device then serves as a socket.

The piece 16 of the housing 12 includes a cylindrical wall 26 and an end wall 28 which may be and preferably are integral. The piece 16 may suitably be of a molded plastic, a plastic that possesses high insulating characteristics as is of course desirable in an electrical plug. In fact, all of the parts are of similar insulating characteristics except of course the contact terminals themselves and elements connecting them in circuit.

The end wall 28 is formed with a pair of spaced openings 34 for receiving the contact terminals or prongs 24, the latter as in the case of conventional connectors, being fiat and plate-like in shape. The holes 30 are elongated slots of a dimension in their long direction similar to the width of the prongs but of a width substantially twice the thickness of the prongs. Such relative dimensioning of the prongs and holes enables reception of contact elements of another plug (32, Fig. 2) thereinto inengagement with the prongs 24. The details of this relationship will be discussed fully hereinafter.

The opposite end of the housing piece 16 itself is open, but is normally closed in the assembled device by the cap 18 which may also be of molded plastic. The cap has a skirt 34 frictionally fitted or otherwise detachably secured to the open end of the housing piece 16. This relation normally retains the cap on the housing piece but enables it to be removed therefrom when force is applied for that purpose, as by grasping it by the hand and Withdrawing it. The cap conveniently includes a tapered wall 36 defining a central opening 38 for receiving the body 26.

The central core or movable member 14 has sliding and guiding engagement at opposite ends with the housing 12. The flange or disc 22 is dimensioned for slidingly engaging the inner surface of the wall 26 and is thus guided at its inner end. The other and outer end of the body has similar sliding and guiding engagement in the hole 38. The fit at both of these locations is such as to enable free sliding movement of the movable member 14 in response to manual manipulation but is such as to prevent undue side play.

The movable member 14 which carries the contact terminals 24 is also preferably of molded plastic and it may be a unitary piece having the body or flange and disc 22 molded in one operation. The contact terminals or prongs 24 are secured to the body by any suitable means such as a conventional arrangement of screw securement and extend longitudinally from and beyond the inner end of the body. The body 20 is preferably tubular in form having a central bore (Fig. 6) through which the electric cord or line 42 extends. This cord includes separate conductors respectively secured to the contact terminals 24 in the usual way.

The means mentioned above for releasably locking the central movable member 14 in any of the positions to which it is moved takes the form of a flexible and resilient element 44. This means functions to lock the member in any of its two positions of Figs. 1 and 2 and a third position of Fig. 3 which will be fully described hereinafter. The resilient element in the present instance is a leaf spring secured to the body 21) by suitable means such as rivets 46 at a central portion of the spring. This spring is arcuate as viewed axially (Fig 6) and has at each end a lug 47 extending radially outwardly therefrom. The two lugs at the end of the leaf spring are urged outwardly by the self-biasing effect of the leaf spring for projection into the sets of

apertures

48, and 52. These apertures are formed in the cylindrical wall element 26 and the apertures of each set are disposed generally diametrically opposite each other. The lugs 47 being biased outwardly are adapted to enter into the respective apertures when in register therewith for detachably locking the movable member in the corre sponding positions, the sets of apertures being located appropriately for that purpose. The spring 44 is secured to the body 20 preferably at a location adjacent the flange or disc 22, thee beng a substantial space between the body 20 and cylindrical wall 26 in which the spring is accommodated and since it is adjacent the-fiange 22 it enables substantial axial movement of the member 14.

The position of the parts as indicated in Fig. 1 renders the device a male connector part or plug. In this position the core or movable member 14 is moved to its for- Ward or projected position in which the contact terminals or prongs 24 are projected the maximum extent through the slots 30, movement of the member 14 in that direction being limited by the flange 22 engaging the end wall 28. The first set of apertures 48 in the cylindrical wall element 26 are located to receive the lugs 47 when the movable member is moved to its projected position. These lugs thus lock the movable member in that location so that the connector part can be used as a plug, namely, it can be fitted to a socket by inserting the prongs 24 into the latter. The leaf spring 44 is of course of substantial strength and capable of withstanding all normal forces imposed on it in inserting the plug into a socket and removing it therefrom. j

The locking means 44, 47 is manually releasable from its locked position as will be described in. detail later, whereby the core or movable member 14 is movable from its projected position of Fig. l to its retracted position of Fig. 2. This is accomplished by ejecting the lugs 47 from the apertures and when this is done, the user may, by grasping the exposed end portion of the body 20 and drawing outwardly on it, move the member 14 to retracted position, as shown in Fig. 2, and when it reaches that position the lugs 47 snap into the apertures 50 and lock the member in that position. The arrangement between theelements is such that in the retracted position the extended ends of the prongs remain within the axially spaced confines of the slots or holes 30. The thickness of the end wall 28 is substantial and the ends of the prongs when the central member is in its retracted position bear against one side surface of the slots. There is space between the prongs and the opposite side surfaces of the slots suflicient to snugly receive the contact elements 32 of the plug 33 with which the connector part can be connected to form a connector in a line. These contact elements 32 as is common in conventional connectors, may be of fiat plate-like form, similarly to the prongs 24, and when they are inserted in the slots 30, as noted above, a tight friction-gripping relation is established between the elements 32 and the opposite confining surfaces so that firm contact engagement is established between the elements 32 and the contact terminals or prongs 24. Thus the position of the device of Fig. 2 renders the device as a socket or female connector part cooperable with a plug to form a connector. The thickness of the end wall 28 is preferably such that the prongs 24 may be retracted to such an extent that the ends thereof are not exposed at the outer surface of the end wall, avoiding contact of a persons fingers withthem and consequent shock, while providing the necessary support for engagement by the ends of the prongs to maintain them solidly in position in contact with the elements 32.

The present invention also includes a feature whereby the device can be rendered unusable. This is accomplished by withdrawing the prongs entirely into the housing and moving them out of alignment with the slots 30. After releasing the lugs 47 from the upper apertures 50 the core or movable member 14 can then be withdrawn further in a rearward direction (upwardly from Fig. 2) so that the prongs 24 are withdrawn entirely from the slots 30. The member 14 can then be rotated, it being freely rotatable in the housing, to a position in which the prongs are disposed out of alignment with the slots and spaced in a direction transverse to the spacing of the slots. The third set of apertures 52, as will be seen best in Fig. 2, are disposed for receiving the lugs 47 when the member 14 is moved to its third position as just described, being positioned substantially transversely to the other sets. The member 14 is thus locked in that position. The prongs are withdrawn from access to the exterior; for convenience they may actually engage the inner surface of the end wall 28. The connector part is thus rendered safe from irresponsible attempted use as noted above and from engagement by the fingers with the prongs or contact terminals. Preferably grooves are provided in the inner surface of the housing for guiding the prongs 47 in movement between positions, namely, longitudinal grooves 49 interconnecting the

respective apertures

48, 50, a circular groove 51 extending the full circumference of the housing and including the apertures 50 and short longitudinal grooves 53 connecting the latter with the apertures 52.

It is desired that the device be rendered immune against unauthorized tampering. Forthis purpose a detachable key (Fig. 5) is provided, the device having construction for cooperation with the core. The key 54 is made up of a piece of flexible spring steel material and includes opposite rounded portions 56 connected together by a central piece 58 and having end finger grip pieces 60. Extending inwardly laterally from the rounded portions 56 are pins 62. The key is thus in the form generally of a band and is of such dimensions and shape as to effectively surround a cylindrical wall 26; that is, the rounded portions 56 are of such dimensions that when they engage and grip the cylindrical wall they retain the key thereon. The key is applied to the cylindrical wall for unlocking the lugs 47 which is accomplished by fitting the key to the cylindrical Wall with the pins .62 extended into the apertures of .a pair (48, 50, 1152) from which the lugs 47 are to be ejected. The key or band is of resilient material and self-biased inwardly, and of such strength that when it is released on the cylindrical housing with the pins inserted into the apertures the pins engage the lugs 47 and eject them from the apertures. The core or member 14 is thus unlocked and free to be moved from the position it happens to be in to another position.

The key may be removed from the connector part so that the device cannot be tampered with and the device can be adjusted practically only by use of the key. Thus the device may be adjusted to its locked position of Fig.

3 and the key removed. It is then rendered safe against.

attempted use. The device may similarly be locked in either of its other positions (Fig. 1 or Fig. 2) and rendered non-adjustable therefrom by removing the key.

We claim:

1. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having openings therein, a member movably mounted in the housing and having contact terminals thereon, an electrical cord connected with the terminals and extended to the exterior of the housing, the member being movable between a projected position wherein the contact terminals are extended through the openings and positioned exteriorly for insertion into a socket, and a retracted position wherein the terminals are entirely within the exterior surface of the housing and in alignment with the openings, the terminals and openings being so relatively dimensioned that contact elements of another plug can be inserted through the openings and into direct contact engagement with the retracted terminals, whereby the present device is usable alternatively as a plug or a socket, the housing having a portion engaged with said terminals when said member is in its retracted position for supporting the terminals against lateral displacement by the said contact elements of another plug from a predetermined position relative to the openings, and means for releasably locking the member in each of its said positions.

2. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having an end Wall with spaced openings each of elongated shape, a movable member mounted in the housing carrying contact terminals respectively positionable in said openings, the terminals being of blade-like form, and straight with uniform fiat contact surfaces, a cord connected with the terminals and extending to the exterior of the housing, the member being movable between a projected position in which the terminals are extended through the openings to the exterior and the device is usable as a plug, and a retracted position in which the terminals are totally within the outer surface of the housing but the ends thereof are positioned in the openings and within the inner and outer surfaces of the end wall, the openings being Wider in their short-dimension direction than the thickness of the terminals whereby similar blade-like contact elements of another plug can be inserted into the openings and friction-gripped between the surfaces of the openings and the retracted terminals and thus into firm contact engagement with the latter, and means releasably locking the member in either of its said positions.

3. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having openings therein, a member movably mounted in the housing and having contact terminals thereon, an electrical cord connected with the terminals and extended to the exterior of the housing, the member being movable between a projected position wherein the contact termiw nals are extended through the openings and positioned exteriorly for insertion into a socket, and a retracted position wherein the terminals are entirely Within the exterior surface of the housing and in alignment with the openings, the terminals and openings being so relatively dimensioned that contact elements of another plug can be inserted through the openings and into contact engagement with the retracted terminals, whereby the present fitting is usable alternatively as a plug or a socket, and means for releasably locking the member in each of its said positions, a flexible element carried by the movable member and having lugs biased outwardly, and the housing having pairs of apertures positioned respectively for receiving said lugs in the said positions of the movable member, and the flexible element being manually manipulable for removing the lugs from the apertures and releasing the member for movement between its said positions.

4. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having openings therein, a member movably mounted in the housing and having contact terminals thereon, an electrical cord connected with the terminals and extended to the exterior of the housing, the member being movable between a projected position wherein the contact terminals are extended through the openings and positioned exteriorly for insertion into a socket, and a retracted position wherein the terminals are entirely within the exterior surface of the housing and in alignment withthe openings, the terminals and openings being so relatively dimensioned that contact elements of another plug can be inserted through the openings and into contact engagement with the retracted terminals, whereby the present device is usable alternatively as a plug or a socket, and means for releasably locking the member in each of its said positions, a leaf spring secured at its central portion to the movable member and having lugs at its end biased outwardly, the housing having pairs of apertures positioned respectively for receiving said lugs in said positions of the movable member, and the lugs being accessible from the exterior for depression inwardly from the apertures and release of the movable member for movement between its said positions.

5. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having an end wall at one end and a reduced diameter body-opening at the other end, a movable member generally within the housing and including a body portion with an outer end extending through said bodyopening and having sliding and guiding fit therein, and a flange on the body portion at an inner end having sliding and guiding fit in the housing, the member having contact prongs mounted on its inner end, a cord connected with the prongs and extending to the exterior of the housing, the end wall having openings for receiving the prongs, the member being movable longitudinally between a projected position in which the prongs are extended through the prong-openings and the connector part is usable as a plug and a retracted position in which the terminals are entirely within the exterior surface of the housing and in alignment with the openings, the terminals and openings being so relatively dimensioned that contact elements of another plug can be inserted through the openings and into contact engagement with the retracted terminals, whereby the present device is usable alternatively as a plug or a socket, and means for releasably locking the member in each of its said positions.

6. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having an end wall with spaced openings therein, a member movably mounted in the housing with contact terminals for projection through said opening, a cord connected with said terminals and leading to the exterior of the housing, said member being movable in said housing selectively to any of three positions, namely, (first) a projected position in which the terminals are extended through said openings and the connector may be used as a plug, (second) a retracted position in which the terminals are within the outer surface of the housing and in alignment with the openings and the connector may be used as a socket with the openings receiving contact elements of another plug in contact engagement with said terminals, and (third) a locked position in which the terminals are within the housing and positioned out of alignment with the openings and the connector is then unusable, and means for releasably locking the member in each of its said positions.

7. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having spaced openings therein, a member movably mounted in the housing and having contact terminals for projection through said openings, the member being movable between a projected position in which the terminals are extended through the openings and a second position wherein the terminals are positioned within the outer surface of the housing, means for releasably locking the member in either position including an element carried by the member and having lugs projected into respective sets of apertures in the housing, the lugs when in the apertures being exposed to the exterior of the housing, and a key for detachably mounting on the exterior of the'housing having pins projectable into the openings corresponding to each position for ejecting the lugs therefrom and thereby releasing the movable member from its locked position and enabling its movement to'another position.

8. An electrical connector part comprising a housing having spaced openings therein, a member movably mounted in the housing and having contact terminals for projection through said openings, the member being movable between a projected position in which the terminals are extended through the openings and a second position wherein the terminals are positioned within the outer surface of the housing, means for releasably locking the member in either position including an element carried by the member and having lugs projected into respective sets of apertures in the housing, the lugs when in the apertures being exposed to the exterior of the housing, and a key for releasing the movable member from locked position including a flexible and resilient band attachably mounted on and effectively encircling the housing and having inwardly extending pins, the band being positionable on the housing with the pins projecting into a set of apertures for ejecting the lugs therefrom.

9. A connector part comprising a housing, a member carrying contact terminals in the housing movable between a position in which the terminals are projected through openings in the housing, and a position in which they are withdrawn in the housing, means releasably locking the member in either position and having lugs retractably extended into a respective set of openings in the housing and exposed to the exterior, and 'a key detachably mounted on the exterior of the housing having pins retractably extendible into the apertures and thereby eflective for eject-ing the lugs therefrom.

l0. A connector part comprising a housing having an end wall with spaced terminal openings therethrough and having a a body-opening at its opposite end of smaller diameter thanthe'housing, a movable memberiin the housing having a body with an outer end portion guided in the body-opening and a flange on the inner end guided in the housing, contact terminals extending longitudially from the flange end of body, the member being movable to any of three positions, namely (first) a projected position in which the terminals extend through the terminal openings and the device can be used as a plug, (second) a retracted position in which the terminals are positioned within the outer surface of the housing in alignment with the openings whereby the device can be used as a socket with the openings receiving the contact elements of another plug in engagement with said terminals, and (third) a locked position in which the terminals are within the housing and rotated to a position disposed generally transverse to the spacing of the openings, means for releasably locking the member in any of its said positions including a leaf spring secured at a position between its ends to said body between said flange and the outer end of the body and having outwardly directed lugs at its ends, the spring being self-biased for urging the lugs outwardly into apertures in the housing, the housing having a set of apertures positioned according to each said position for receiving said lugs, the lugs when in the apertures being exposed to the exterior of the housing, and a key consisting of a flexible and resilient band dimensioned for effectively surrounding the housing and detachably mountable thereon and having inwardly directed pins for projection into the apertures of a set, selectively, for ejecting the lugs therefrom and thereby releasing the movable member from the corresponding position and enabling its movement to another one of its said positions.

11. The invention set forth in claim 9 wherein the respective sets of openings are interconnected by grooves for guiding-1y receiving the lugs in movement from one position to another. 7

References Cited in the fileof this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,538,296 Crocker Jan. 16, 1951