US2792829A - Frequency modulated ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus - Google Patents
Frequency modulated ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- US2792829A US2792829A US270166A US27016652A US2792829A US 2792829 A US2792829 A US 2792829A US 270166 A US270166 A US 270166A US 27016652 A US27016652 A US 27016652A US 2792829 A US2792829 A US 2792829A
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- frequency
- transducer
- therapeutic apparatus
- compressional wave
- tissue
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- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 title description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H23/00—Percussion or vibration massage, e.g. using supersonic vibration; Suction-vibration massage; Massage with moving diaphragms
- A61H23/02—Percussion or vibration massage, e.g. using supersonic vibration; Suction-vibration massage; Massage with moving diaphragms with electric or magnetic drive
- A61H23/0245—Percussion or vibration massage, e.g. using supersonic vibration; Suction-vibration massage; Massage with moving diaphragms with electric or magnetic drive with ultrasonic transducers, e.g. piezoelectric
Definitions
- This invention involves a therapeutic apparatus for the treatment of living tissue by compressional wave energy.
- the transducer or device for converting electrical energy into compressional wave energy has had either unmodulated voltages or C. W. or A. M. modulated voltages applied thereto. This results in an essentially constant frequency of compressional wave energy radiation and consequently in a spatially constant intensity pattern owing to Fresnel diffraction near the transducer. These localized intensity spots create a non-uniform diathermy efiect creating hot spots that would cause serious discomfort or burning of the tissue unless the latter is placed at a considerable distance from the transducer.
- An object of this invention is to provide a therapeutic apparatus for the treatment of living tissue which is productive of more uniform distribution of energy over the area being treated.
- Unit 1 comprises a cup-shaped member 2 which is made up of a metallic shell 3 and an applicator 4, preferably made of natural rubber and cemented or otherwise attached to said shell.
- a transducer 5 which may be a ceramic disk having a thickness equal to a half wave length at the frequency of operation, is mounted within member 2 in such a manner as to be free to vibrate in the direction of its thickness.
- aqueous medium 6 of thickness equal to several wave lengths at the operating frequency is contained within member 2 and separates transducer from the end portion of rubber applicator 4, as shown in the drawing.
- Applicator 4 is adapted to contact the tissue 7 undergoing treatment.
- the aqueous medium and rubber applicator each has a wave impedance substantially equal to that of living tissue to enhance the transfer of compressional wave energy from the radiator to the tissue.
- the output voltage of a conventional oscillator 8 is applied across the opposite faces of transducer 5.
- a frequency modula- 2,792,829 Patented May 2 1, 1957 tor 9 is connected to oscillator 8 to effect frequency modulation thereof.
- c the velocity of propagation of compressional wave energy in the medium
- R is the distance from the rim of the disk to the point inquestion
- R is the distance between the center of the disk and point at which the intensity is desired.
- the spatial diffraction pattern of the radiating transducer may be rapidly shifted and the localized intensity spots thereby substantially reduced. Since the energy distribution near the surface of the transducer with a frequency modulated voltage applied thereto is much more uniform, the energy transmitted to the tissue subjected to treatment is also considerably more uniformly distributed throughout the area of the tissue in contact with the applicator portion of therapeutic unit 1.
- therapeutic unit 1 is preferably constructed so that the radiator is separated from the tissue undergoing treatment by the aqueous medium 6 whose thickness is several wave lengths.
- the frequency range of the modulator may be anywhere from a few cycles per second to approximately 10,000 cycles per second. The values given are approximate and are not to be taken as limiting values.
- the frequency of oscillator 2 is swept over a range approximately equal to ten percent of the mean operating frequency of the oscillator. For example, when operating at a mean frequency of one megacycle, the frequency is varied from about 950 kc. to 1,050 kc. The total swing in frequency is partially dependent upon the Q of the transducer, as previously stated.
- a therapeutic apparatus 'for treating living tissue by compressional wave energy comprising a transducing
- transducer unit energized by a source of electrical energy and including a transducer for converting said electrical energy into compressional wave energy and an applicator adapted to contact the tissue to be treated, said transducer having dimensions comparable with the wave length of said;
- compressional wave energy means including a frequency modulator connected to said source for cyclically varying the intensity distribution pattern of compressionalwave energy in the vicinity of said tissue.
- a therapeutic apparatus for treating living tissue by compressional wave energy comprising a transducing unit energized by a source of electrical energy and including a transducer for converting said electrical energy into l compressional wave energy and an applicator having a portion adapted to contact thetissne to be treated, said. transducer having dimensions comparable with the wave length of said compressional wave energy, a medium having a wave impedance substantially equal to that of said tissue and of said applicator for separating said transducer and said portion of said applicator by a distance-equal to several wave lengths at the frequency of said' source, means including a frequency modulator connected to said source for cyclically varying the intensity of compressional wave energy in the vicinity of said tissue.
Description
y 1, 1957 c. L. CALOSI 2,792,829
' FREQUENCY MODULATED ULTRASONIC THERAPEUTIC APPARATUS Filed Feb. 6, 1952 OSC/LLA To/2 MODULATOR A IN VENTOR CARLO L. CALQS/ BYQZ S% ATTORNEY FREQUENCY MODULATEl) ULTRASONIC THERAPEUTIC APPARATUS Carlo L. Calosi, Rome, Italy, assignor to Raytheon Manufacturing Company, Newton, Mass., a corporation of Delaware Application February 6, 1952, Serial No. 270,166
2 Claims. (Cl. 128-24) This invention involves a therapeutic apparatus for the treatment of living tissue by compressional wave energy.
In the therapeutic treatment of living tissue it is desirable to obtain a uniform distribution of energy over the portion of' the tissue undergoing treatment.
In previous models of compressional wave diathermy equipments, the transducer or device for converting electrical energy into compressional wave energy has had either unmodulated voltages or C. W. or A. M. modulated voltages applied thereto. This results in an essentially constant frequency of compressional wave energy radiation and consequently in a spatially constant intensity pattern owing to Fresnel diffraction near the transducer. These localized intensity spots create a non-uniform diathermy efiect creating hot spots that would cause serious discomfort or burning of the tissue unless the latter is placed at a considerable distance from the transducer.
By applying a frequency modulated voltage to the transducer, a rapidly shifting spatial pattern of Fresnel diffraction is obtained, thereby substantially reducing the localized heating or hot spots so detrimental to diathermy treatment.
An object of this invention is to provide a therapeutic apparatus for the treatment of living tissue which is productive of more uniform distribution of energy over the area being treated.
Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description thereof progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawing wherein the single figure is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to the drawing, a therapeutic unit 1 similar to that described in an application of Luther Davis, Jr., Serial No. 265,278, filed January 7, 1952, but which may be of any electromechanical design permitting a sufiicient- 1y low Q to allow appreciable frequency modulation is shown. Unit 1 comprises a cup-shaped member 2 which is made up of a metallic shell 3 and an applicator 4, preferably made of natural rubber and cemented or otherwise attached to said shell. A transducer 5, which may be a ceramic disk having a thickness equal to a half wave length at the frequency of operation, is mounted within member 2 in such a manner as to be free to vibrate in the direction of its thickness. An aqueous medium 6 of thickness equal to several wave lengths at the operating frequency is contained within member 2 and separates transducer from the end portion of rubber applicator 4, as shown in the drawing. Applicator 4 is adapted to contact the tissue 7 undergoing treatment. The aqueous medium and rubber applicator each has a wave impedance substantially equal to that of living tissue to enhance the transfer of compressional wave energy from the radiator to the tissue. The output voltage of a conventional oscillator 8 is applied across the opposite faces of transducer 5. A frequency modula- 2,792,829 Patented May 2 1, 1957 tor 9 is connected to oscillator 8 to effect frequency modulation thereof.
When the dimensions of a piston vibrator, such as a flat disk which moves to and fro in the direction of the normal to the surface, are comparable with the wave length, the distribution of the intensity of the compressional Wave energy is not uniform but there is a maximum on the normal and other maxima in other directions. The compressional wave pressure at various points located on the normal is given by EQW-R) (1) where p is the density of a medium, f is the frequency, v
p =2 cv sin is the velocity of the face of the disk, c is the velocity of propagation of compressional wave energy in the medium, R is the distance from the rim of the disk to the point inquestion and R is the distance between the center of the disk and point at which the intensity is desired.
From Equation 1 it is evident that the location of maxima and minima in intensity of compressional wave energy along the axis of the disk is dependent upon frequency. There are also other maxima and minima distributed in the space surrounding the disk but there is no simple method of calculating this distribution of the axis of the disk. The compressional wave energy fields in the neighborhood of circular disk type radiators have been observed, however, and it is definitely established that the compressional Wave energy at various points in the region surrounding the transducer disk, as well as the spatial distribution of the diffraction pattern, is dependent upon the frequency of the voltage applied to said transducer disk.
By varying the frequency of oscillator 8 at a given rate, which may be in the order of sixty cycles per second by means of modulator 9, the spatial diffraction pattern of the radiating transducer may be rapidly shifted and the localized intensity spots thereby substantially reduced. Since the energy distribution near the surface of the transducer with a frequency modulated voltage applied thereto is much more uniform, the energy transmitted to the tissue subjected to treatment is also considerably more uniformly distributed throughout the area of the tissue in contact with the applicator portion of therapeutic unit 1.
The amount that the hot spots are shifted when the frequency of oscillator 8 is varied by frequency modulator 9 will, of course, depend on the distance away from the face of the transducer radiator; that is, the hot spots near the radiator will not shift as much with the application of the frequency modulated voltage as the hot spots farther away from the radiator surface. Since the frequency modulation of oscillator 8 is more effective at a distance from the radiator surface, therapeutic unit 1 is preferably constructed so that the radiator is separated from the tissue undergoing treatment by the aqueous medium 6 whose thickness is several wave lengths.
The frequency range of the modulator may be anywhere from a few cycles per second to approximately 10,000 cycles per second. The values given are approximate and are not to be taken as limiting values. The frequency of oscillator 2 is swept over a range approximately equal to ten percent of the mean operating frequency of the oscillator. For example, when operating at a mean frequency of one megacycle, the frequency is varied from about 950 kc. to 1,050 kc. The total swing in frequency is partially dependent upon the Q of the transducer, as previously stated.
Numerous other arrangements and modifications can obviously be devised readily by those skilled in the art,
9 a. within the scope-of the invention, as defined in the. appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A therapeutic apparatus 'for treating living tissue by compressional wave energy comprising a transducing,
unit energized by a source of electrical energy and including a transducer for converting said electrical energy into compressional wave energy and an applicator adapted to contact the tissue to be treated, said transducer having dimensions comparable with the wave length of said;
compressional wave energy, means including a frequency modulator connected to said source for cyclically varying the intensity distribution pattern of compressionalwave energy in the vicinity of said tissue.
2. A therapeutic apparatus for treating living tissue by compressional wave energy comprisinga transducing unit energized by a source of electrical energy and including a transducer for converting said electrical energy into l compressional wave energy and an applicator having a portion adapted to contact thetissne to be treated, said. transducer having dimensions comparable with the wave length of said compressional wave energy, a medium having a wave impedance substantially equal to that of said tissue and of said applicator for separating said transducer and said portion of said applicator by a distance-equal to several wave lengths at the frequency of said' source, means including a frequency modulator connected to said source for cyclically varying the intensity of compressional wave energy in the vicinity of said tissue.
References Cited in the file of'this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Electronics Engineering for September 1950, pp. 391-4. Copy in Division 55.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America for March 1951, pp. 160-167.. Copy in Scientific Library.
Priority Applications (1)
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US270166A US2792829A (en) | 1952-02-06 | 1952-02-06 | Frequency modulated ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US270166A US2792829A (en) | 1952-02-06 | 1952-02-06 | Frequency modulated ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus |
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US2792829A true US2792829A (en) | 1957-05-21 |
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Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2913602A (en) * | 1955-11-03 | 1959-11-17 | Ivan L Joy | Method and means for transmitting elastic waves |
US2936762A (en) * | 1952-06-05 | 1960-05-17 | Bernard Pierre Denis | Application of modulated decreasing frequencies to the body |
US3663896A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1972-05-16 | Us Army | Ferrofluid ultrasonic signal modulator |
WO1985002111A1 (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-05-23 | Medical Physics Corporation | Acoustic-assisted cleaning apparatus |
US4858597A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1989-08-22 | Richard Wolf Gmbh | Piezoelectric transducer for the destruction of concretions within an animal body |
USRE33590E (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1991-05-21 | Edap International, S.A. | Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound |
US5080101A (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1992-01-14 | Edap International, S.A. | Method for examining and aiming treatment with untrasound |
EP0465870A1 (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-01-15 | PETER KRAUTH GmbH | Ultrasound therapy device |
US5902256A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1999-05-11 | Jb Research, Inc. | Massage unit with replaceable hot and cold packs |
US9522290B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2016-12-20 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | System and method for fat and cellulite reduction |
US9533175B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2017-01-03 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Energy based fat reduction |
US9694212B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2017-07-04 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Method and system for ultrasound treatment of skin |
US9694211B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2017-07-04 | Guided Therapy Systems, L.L.C. | Systems for treating skin laxity |
US9802063B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2017-10-31 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Reflective ultrasound technology for dermatological treatments |
US9827449B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2017-11-28 | Guided Therapy Systems, L.L.C. | Systems for treating skin laxity |
US10046181B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2018-08-14 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Energy based hyperhidrosis treatment |
US10046182B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2018-08-14 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Methods for face and neck lifts |
US10420960B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2019-09-24 | Ulthera, Inc. | Devices and methods for multi-focus ultrasound therapy |
US10525288B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2020-01-07 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | System and method for noninvasive skin tightening |
US10537304B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2020-01-21 | Ulthera, Inc. | Hand wand for ultrasonic cosmetic treatment and imaging |
US10603521B2 (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2020-03-31 | Ulthera, Inc. | Band transducer ultrasound therapy |
US10864385B2 (en) | 2004-09-24 | 2020-12-15 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Rejuvenating skin by heating tissue for cosmetic treatment of the face and body |
US11207548B2 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2021-12-28 | Guided Therapy Systems, L.L.C. | Ultrasound probe for treating skin laxity |
US11224895B2 (en) | 2016-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Ulthera, Inc. | Compact ultrasound device having annular ultrasound array peripherally electrically connected to flexible printed circuit board and method of assembly thereof |
US11235179B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2022-02-01 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Energy based skin gland treatment |
US11241218B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2022-02-08 | Ulthera, Inc. | Systems and methods for cosmetic ultrasound treatment of skin |
US11338156B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2022-05-24 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Noninvasive tissue tightening system |
US11724133B2 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2023-08-15 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Ultrasound probe for treatment of skin |
US11883688B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2024-01-30 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Energy based fat reduction |
US11944849B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2024-04-02 | Ulthera, Inc. | Systems and methods for combined cosmetic treatment of cellulite with ultrasound |
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GB297985A (en) * | 1927-10-13 | 1928-10-04 | Hans Heinrich Muelwert | Appliance for the treatment of difficult hearing |
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1952
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FR597706A (en) * | 1925-05-06 | 1925-11-27 | Indirect vibratory massage method and device for performing this method | |
GB297985A (en) * | 1927-10-13 | 1928-10-04 | Hans Heinrich Muelwert | Appliance for the treatment of difficult hearing |
US2283285A (en) * | 1938-05-25 | 1942-05-19 | Pohlman Reimar | Massage |
US2312079A (en) * | 1940-09-06 | 1943-02-23 | Rca Corp | Frequency control |
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Cited By (66)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2936762A (en) * | 1952-06-05 | 1960-05-17 | Bernard Pierre Denis | Application of modulated decreasing frequencies to the body |
US2913602A (en) * | 1955-11-03 | 1959-11-17 | Ivan L Joy | Method and means for transmitting elastic waves |
US3663896A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1972-05-16 | Us Army | Ferrofluid ultrasonic signal modulator |
US4858597A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1989-08-22 | Richard Wolf Gmbh | Piezoelectric transducer for the destruction of concretions within an animal body |
WO1985002111A1 (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-05-23 | Medical Physics Corporation | Acoustic-assisted cleaning apparatus |
USRE33590E (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1991-05-21 | Edap International, S.A. | Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound |
US5080101A (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1992-01-14 | Edap International, S.A. | Method for examining and aiming treatment with untrasound |
EP0465870A1 (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-01-15 | PETER KRAUTH GmbH | Ultrasound therapy device |
US5902256A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1999-05-11 | Jb Research, Inc. | Massage unit with replaceable hot and cold packs |
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US10603521B2 (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2020-03-31 | Ulthera, Inc. | Band transducer ultrasound therapy |
US11224895B2 (en) | 2016-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Ulthera, Inc. | Compact ultrasound device having annular ultrasound array peripherally electrically connected to flexible printed circuit board and method of assembly thereof |
US11241218B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2022-02-08 | Ulthera, Inc. | Systems and methods for cosmetic ultrasound treatment of skin |
US11944849B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2024-04-02 | Ulthera, Inc. | Systems and methods for combined cosmetic treatment of cellulite with ultrasound |
US11969609B2 (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2024-04-30 | Ulthera, Inc. | Devices and methods for multi-focus ultrasound therapy |
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