US2791093A

US2791093A - Hand pump and power system for hydraulic motor

Info

Publication number: US2791093A
Application number: US436407A
Authority: US
Inventors: Homer J Shafer
Original assignee: Shafer Valve Co
Current assignee: Shafer Valve Co
Priority date: 1954-06-14
Filing date: 1954-06-14
Publication date: 1957-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 1974-05-07

Description

HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed June 14 1954 H. J. SHAFER May 7, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 2

FIGQI INVENTOR. uomza J.- SHAFER ATTORNEYS y 7, 7 H; J. SHAFER HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed June 14, 1954 3 Shee ts-Sheet 2 R NE NH m /Y v NS E I l N m m E n 3 W A H .G I. v. F. B

May 7, 1957 H. J. SHAFER HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTQR Filed June 14, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. HOMER J. SHAFE R BY ATTORNEYS HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM F OR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Homer J. Shatter, Mansfield, Ohio, assignor to Shafer Valve Company, Mansfield, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 14, 1954, Serial No. 436,407

7 Claims. (Cl. 60-51) The invention relates to tluid systems for operating hydraulic motors having piston and cylinder means, and more particularly to a novel and improved control arrangement for a hydraulic motor operating a valve selectively by means of a hand piston pump or by means of a separate source of power.

Valves used in transcontinental pipe lines are normally operated automatically by hydraulic operators controlled by a drop or variation pipe line pressure, as in the event of a pipe line failure. The operators may be powered by pipe line pressure or another source of pressure. However, it is necessary to provide stand-by means for manually operating the valve when the power source has failed or is not available. Prior constructions have provided a hand wheel for operating the valve stem through suitable gearing, but since the pipe lines are frequently 30 inches or more in diameter the manual operation of the valve is very slow and laborious.

In certain prior arrangements the changeover from power to manual operation or vice versa has required manipulation of several control valves involving substantial effort as well as a likelihood of confusion. Moreover, where the hydraulic motor operator employs a liquid reservoir system normally circulated by the power source to move the piston of the operator, manual operation is very apt to cause the liquid system to be out of balance on a return to power operation resulting in air getting into the motor and interfering with its operation.

It is an important object of the present invention to provide a novel hydraulic valve'operator, control valve and hand pump arrangement for selectively operating the valve by hand. 1

Another object is to provide a novel single control for quickly and easily changing from pressure power to hand power for operating the valve operator.

A further object is to provide a novel control arrangement for a hydraulic valve operator actuated by a liquid reservoir system, whereby the valve may interchangeably operate by pressure and hand power without affecting the balance of liquid in the operator.

Another object is to provide a novel piston pump and control valve arrangement for a hydraulic motor operator connected to a liquid reservoir system which selectively allows free flow of the liquid under pressure through the operator and by-passes the pump in one position of the valve, and which directs flow of the liquid from the pump, through the operator in reverse directions in other positions of the valve. 1

. These and ancillary objects are accomplished by the parts, combinations and arrangements comprising the present invention, a preferred embodiment of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in detail herein. Various modifications and changes in details of construction and arrangement are comprehended within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. v s Y J By-way of example, the hydraulic motor of the valve operator shown in the drawingsis a rotary hydraulic 2,791,093 Patented May 7, 1957 motor having a rotary piston or impeller vane, but the novel system is adapted to be applied to a hydraulic motor operator having a reciprocable piston operatively connected to the stem of the valve.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the novel arrangement of hydraulic motor operator, hand pump and multi-way control valve, with the control valve in position for pressure power operation of the motor;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the control valve in position to operate the motor in one direction by means of the hand pump;

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the control valve in position to operate the motor in the opposite direction by means of the hand pump;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a novel hand pump and control valve unit, the position of the valve corresponding to its position in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of said unit;

Fig. 6 is a plan sectional view on line 66, Fig. 5; and

Fig. 7 is a detached isometric view of the control valve: plug. 1

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the rotary hydraulic motor operator 10 may be used to operate a rotary valve in a pipe line, in which case the rotor 11 of the operator is keyed directly on the valve stem 12 and the motor is carried on a flange of the valve, in a well-known manner. The rotor is provided with diametrically opposite vanes 13 and 13' which extend across the annular chamber between the rotor and the outer cylindrical wall of the motor.

A pair of diametrically opposite stationary shoes or stops 14 and 14 divides the annular chamber into two parts A and A and one vane oscillates in each part between the shoes. The two parts of the chamber are preferably interconnected on opposite sides of the vanes by

cross-over ports

15 and 15 extending through the rotor hub 11, so that pressure is exerted on the reverse sides of opposite vanes to turn the rotor with balanced torque in either direction. The

conduits

16 and 16 for circulating fluid to and from the motor chamber in reverse directions may be connected to the two parts A and A of the chamber on opposite sides of one of the shoes 14 as shown.

The construction and operation of the rotary hydraulic motor 10 is described in detail in my copending applica tion Serial No. 333,496, filed January 27, 1953, now Patent No. 2,778,338, granted January 22, 1957 and entitled Internal Fluid Shut Off for Hydraulic Motor.

The chambers A and A are substantially filled with oil, and oil is supplied through one of the

conduits

16 or 16 from a tank or reservoir containing oil, while oil is exhausted through the other conduit to another tank which is substantially empty for receiving the oil exhausted. In Fig. 1 conduit 16 is connected to tank 17 through conduit 17a and conduit 16' is connected to tank 17' through conduit 1%. The tops of the two tanks are connected by

conduits

18 and 18 respectively to a control valve 20 which controls a source of pressure power, such as gas under pressure from the pipe line, which is connected to the control valve 20 by a conduit 21.

The conduits 18 and 18are normally connected to the exhaust chamber 22 of the control valve through the double-

headed poppet valves

23 and 23 when the control handle 24 is in neutral position as shown. When the handle 24 is operated, manually or otherwise, in either direction, the poppet valve which is actuated connects one of the conduits 18 or 18' to the pressure supply line 21 and closes oil the exhaust connection, while the other'conduit remains connected to the atmosphere through exhaust port 25. I

Thus, if handle 24 is moved to actuate poppet 23, fluid pressure in line 21 will flow into tank 17' and force oil into the motor through conduit 16' to rotate the rotor in a clockwise direction and cause oil to be exhausted through conduit 16 and conduit 17a into tank 17. As the tank 17 fills with oil, the air in the tank exhausts through conduit 18 and port 25 until the rotor is stopped by the shoes, and the handle is returned to neutral position. The operation of handle 24 may be automatically controlled by a fluid motor (not shown) actuated by the variation in line pressure caused by a break in the line, and the clockwise rotation of the rotor will act to close the pipe line valve. Obviously, moving the handle 24 in the opposite direction to actuate poppet valve 23 would cause counterclockwise rotation of the rotor 11.

By having the motor filled with oil which circulates to and from the tanks 17 and 17', gas pressure in the line can be applied to the oil to turn the rotor, and oil is easily regulated by orifice sizes or choke valves to prevent shock loads on the operator. Moreover, the tanks allow for expansion and contraction of the oil in the motor due to temperature changes.

The connections between the conduits 16 and 16' and the conduits 17a and 17b to tanks 17 and 17' is provided by a novel multi-way control valve represented sche' matically at 27 by a cylinder having two curved ports in each end and two longitudinal ports in its sides. As shown in Fig. l, the side ports connect conduit 16 with tank 17 and conduit 16 with tank 17.

The hand pump 28 is preferably a single-acting piston pump, and has a pressure conduit 29 connected to one end of the control valve 27 and containing a one'direction check valve 30, and a suction conduit 31 connected to the other end of the control valve and containing a one-direction check valve 32. In the position of valve 27 shown in Fig. 1, with the handle indicators 33 pointing straight up, the conduits to the pump are both blocked off and the

tanks

17 and 17 are connected directly to the motor for power operation as previously described.

When it is desired to operate the motor manually to turn the rotor in a clockwise direction, the control valve 27 is turned 45 to the right, as shown in Fig. 2. The upper end of valve 27 then connectsthe pressure conduit 29 of the hand pump with conduit 16' to the motor, and suction conduit 31 with the bottom of tank 17. Also, conduit 16 is connected by the valve to the bottom of tank 17. Thus on each downstroke of the piston oil is forced into the motorlt) through conduit 16 to turn the rotor clockwise, and oil is exhausted from the motor through conduit 16 into tank 17. On each upstroke, oil is sucked into the pump through conduit 31 from tank 17' to replace the oil forced out of the pump by the preceding downstroke. Thus, the pressure and suction conduits of the pump are connected in fluid circuit with the tanks and the pressure and exhaust connections of the motor.

To reverse the direction of rotation of the rotor by the hand pump, the control valve 27 is turned 45 to the left of its Fig. 1 position to the position shown in Fig. 3. In this position the upper end of valve 27 connects the pressure conduit 29 of the pump with conduit 16 to the motor, and suction conduit 31 with the bottom of tank 17. Conduit 16' is connected by valve 27 to the bottom of tank 17'. Thus on each downstroke of the piston, oil is forced into the motor through conduit 16 to turn the rotor counterclockwise. and oil is exhausted from the motor through conduits 16' into tank 17. On each upstroke, oil is sucked into the pump from tank 17.

Because the flow of oil through the motor is always from one tank into the other, regardless of whether the operation is performed by power supplied from the pressure source control or by the hand pump 28, the oil in the motor on opposite sides of the vanes is always in balance and no air gets into the motor. Otherwise, as in certain prior arrangements, if during the hand operation the oil flows in a closed circuit between the pump and motor, by-passing the tanks, on a return to power operation using the tanks the pressure fluid might be applied to the empty tank instead of the one full of oil, and the oil would be exhausted out of the full tank and replaced by air which would ultimately enter the motor and interfere with its proper operation.

The novel multi-way valve 27 provides for quickly and easily changing over from power to manual opera tion or vice versa by merely throwing one valve, so that there is no chance of loss of time or confusion resulting from the necessity of operating several divertor valves to particular positions. This simplified operation is very important in the case of an emergency, such as a line break.

As shown in Figs. 47, the novel multi-way Valve 27 and the hand pump 28 are preferably embodied in a single unit. The upper part of the unit comprises the pump 28 and the lower part comprises the valve 27. The pump 28 is preferably a single-acting piston pump having a piston 37 reciprocable in a cylindrical housing 38 which is secured at its upper end to a head plate 39 and at its lower end to a valve body 40. The unit may be mounted on the hydraulic motor by bolting the flange 41 on the head plate to the motor casing. The valve housing may also be suitably secured to the motor casing if desired.

The piston 37 has a central sealing ring 42 and end wiper rings 43 of suitable construction, and the head plate 39 is likewise provided with suitable sealing rings 44 around the piston rod 45. The upper end of piston rod 45 is preferably pivotally connected at 46 to cars 47 depending from a handle lever 48 pivoted at one end to a link 49 which is pivotally connected to projecting ears 50 on the head plate. The lower end of the rod may be secured to the piston by a lock nut 51.

The lower end of the pump cylinder 38 communicates with two

vertical passageways

52 and 53 in the valve body 40 communicating with the top of the valve chamber, the passageway 52 being the pressure conduit from the pump cylinder corresponding to conduit 29 in Fig. l, and the passageway 53 being the suction or return conduit to the pump corresponding to conduit 31 in Fig. l. Passageway 52 has the ball check valve 30 therein for permitting pressure flow from the pump and preventing return flow to the pump, and passageway 53 has the ball check valve 32 therein for permitting return flow and preventing outward flow from the pump. Two vertical passageways 52' and 53, aligned with

passageways

52 and 53, communicate with the bottom of the valve chamber, and are connected with each other by the transverse passageway 56.

Preferably, the valve 36 comprises a cylindrical valve plug 57 rotatably mounted in the valve chamber of body 40. The plug has two pairs of segmental shaped

slots

62, 63 and 62', 63 diametrically opposite each other in the sides of the plug, and when the plug is in position in the body, the

slots

62 and 62 are vertically aligned with ports 52 and 52', and

slots

63 and 63 are vertically aligned with

ports

53 and 53.

Between the

ports

52, 53 and 52, 53, and in diamet rically opposite sides of the valve body are two pairs of ports 52a, 53a and 52b, 53b which extend through the valve body and which lie in the same vertical planes as the

ports

52 and 53 and the ports 52' and 53, respectively. Between the two pairs of

segmental slots

62, 63 and 62', 63', two diametrically opposite

longitudinal slots

64 and 65 are formed in the valve body, and these slots are adapted respectively to connect ports 52a and 53a together, and ports 52b and 53b together, when the valve plug is rotated to the proper position.

The valve plug 57 is provided near the open end of the valve chamber with a groove 58 in which a sealing 0- ring is located, and the front end 59 of the plug is reduced in diameter to form an annular shoulder 60 which is abutted by a snap ring 61 engaged in a groove in the body to hold the plug in place. On the reduced front end is mounted a handle lever 65 having a knob 66 at its upper end. The handle is secured to the plug by a screw stud 67 and washer 68, and handle lever 65 corresponds to the elements 33 in the schematic views Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

The handle is secured on the plug in such relative posi tion that when the knob portion extends vertically upward from the plug, corresponding to the position of Fig. l, the

longitudinal slots

64 and 65 are in register with the ports 52a and 53a and 52b and 53b. Stop pins 70 are provided in the valve body to limit rotation of handle 65 to 45 to the right of vertical, as in Fig. 4, or 45 to the left of vertical.

In the vertical position of the valve handle the valve 27 conducts fluid from the

tanks

17 and 17 to and from the motor 10, as shown in Fig. l, lay-passing the hand pump. In this position, fluid from tank 17 is forced through conduit 17b to port 53a (Fig. 6), and thence through slot 64, port 52a and conduit 16' to the motor. Fluid exhausts from the motor through conduit 16 to port 52!), and thence through slot 65, port 531) and conduit 17a to tank 17.

When the valve handle 65 (33) is rotated 45 to the right, as in Figs. 2, 4 and 5, slot 62 of the valve connects port 52a with port 52, thus connecting conduit 16 to the pressure line of the pump, so that on the downstroke of the piston fluid will be forced into the motor under pressure to rotate the rotor clockwise. Fluid exhausting from the motor flows through conduit 16 to port 5212 which is connected by slot 62 to port 52', and flows through passageway 56, port 53 and slot 63 to conduit 17a and thence to tank 17. On the upstroke of the piston, oil is sucked from tank 17' through conduit 17b, port 53a, slot 63 and port 53 into the pump chamber for being forced out through port 52 on the next downstroke.

When the valve handle 33 is rotated 45 to the left, as in Fig. 3, slot 62 of the valve connects port 52b with port 52, thus connecting conduit 16 to the pressure line of the pump, so that on the downstroke of the piston fluid will be forced into the motor to rotate the rotor counterclockwise. Fluid exhausting from the motor flows through conduit 16 to port 52:; which is connected by slot 62' to port 52 and flows through passageway 56, port 53' and slot 63' to conduit 17b and thence to tank 17'. On the upstroke of the piston, oil is sucked from tank 17 through conduit 17a, port 531), slot 63 and port 53 into the pump chamber for being forced out through port 52 on the next downstroke.

The novel hand pump and valve unit provides a simple and compact arrangement for quickly and easily changing the operation of the hydraulic motor from pressure power to hand power, or from hand power to pressure power, by actuation of a single multi-way control valve. In either case, the power is transmitted to the hydraulic motor through a liquid reservoir system so that the liquid in the motor never becomes unbalanced due to interchange between pressure power and hand power operation. Moreover, in all positions of the control valve, the expansion and contraction of the oil in the motor is taken care of in the tanks which are always connected to the motor.

What is claimed is:

1. A combination hand pump and power fluid control system for operating a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, fluid tanks having conduits for connection with said pressure and exhaust connections, the motor and one of said tanks being substantially filled with liquid, control means for selectively connecting one of said tanks with a source of fluid pressure power and the other tank with exhaust, a single-acting piston pump having pressure and suction connections, and a single multi-way valve having a neutral position selectively connecting said fluid tank conduits directly with the pressure and exhaust connections of said motor and having two operating positions connecting said conduits in circuit with the motor and said pressure and suction connections of said piston pump to operate the motor in opposite '6 directions, for-selective power and hand operation of; said motor by forcing liquid from the full tank into the motor and from the motor into the other tank.

2. A combination hand pump and power fluid control system for operating a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, fluid tanks having bottom conduits for connection with said pressure and exhaust connections, the motor and one of said tanks being substantially filled with liquid, control means for selectively connecting the top of one of said tanks with a source of fluid pressure power and the top of the other tank with exhaust, a single-acting piston pump having pres sure and suction connections, and a single multi-way valve having a neutral position selectively connecting said fluid tank conduits directly with the pressure and exhaust connections of said motor and having two operating positions connecting the piston pump in circuit between one or the other of the fluid tank conduits and the pressure connection of the motor, and the remaining fluid tank conduit to the exhaust connection of the motor.

3. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operation of a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, including a cylinder, a single-acting piston reciprocable in said cylinder, a valve body connected to one end of said cylinder and having a chamber, a valve rotatable in said chamber, said valve body having pressure and suction ducts connecting said cylinder and chamber and two pairs of pressure and exhaust ports for selectively connecting a source of fluid with the pressure and exhaust connections of said motor, said valve having passageways of selectively connecting said pressure and exhaust ports with said pressure and suction ducts to operate the motor in opposite directions, and said valve having passageway-s for selectively con necting said pressure and exhaust ports in series to bypass the pump connections in a neutral position of the valve.

4. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operation of a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, including a cylinder, a single-acting piston reciprocable in said cylinder, a valve body connected to one end of said cylinder and having a chamber, a valve rotatable in said chamber, said valve body having pressure and suction ducts connecting said cylinder and chamber and two pairs of laterally opposite pressure and exhaust ports for selectively connecting a source of fluid with the pressure and exhaust connection-s of said motor to operate the motor in opposite directions, said valve having transverse passageways for selectively connecting two of said ports with the pressure and suction ducts and transverse passageways communicating with the other two ports, a longitudinal passageway in said body simultaneously connecting the latter two transverse passageways with each other, and said valve having longitudinal passageways for selectively connecting the two pressure ports together and the two exhaust ports together to by-pass the pump connections in a neutral position of the valve.

5. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operation of a hydraulic motor, including a single-acting piston pump having a housing, a valve body attached to said housing and having a chamber, pressure and suction ducts connecting the chamber to said pump, said valve body having two pairs of laterally opposite pressure and exhaust ports for conducting fluid to and from the motor, a valve rotatable in said chamber and having transverse passageways for selectively connecting two of said ports in series with said pressure and suction ducts and transverse passageways communicating with the other two ports to operate the motor in opposite directions, a passageway in said valve body simultaneously connecting the latter two transverse passageways together, and said valve having longitudinal slots for selectively connecting the two pressure ports with each other and the two exhaust ports together to by-pass the pump con- 7, nections for operating the motor by power pressure when the valve is in *neutral position.

6. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operation of a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections and fluid tanks having conduits connected with said pressure and exhaust connections, including a single-acting piston pump having a housing, a valve body attached to said housing and having a chamber, pressure and suction ducts connecting said chamber to said pump, said valve body having two pairs of laterally opposite pressure and exhaust ports for selective connection in circuit with the tanks and motor, a valve rotatable in said chamber and having transverse passageways for selectively connecting two of said ports in series with said pressure and suction ducts and transverse passageways communicating with the other two ports to operate the motor in opposite directions, a pas sageway in said valve body simultaneously connecting the latter two transverse passageways together, and said valve having longitudinal passageways for selectively connecting the two pressure ports with each other and the two exhaust ports together to by-pass the pump connections for operating the motor by power pressure when the valve is in neutral position.

7. A combination hand pump and power fiuid control system for operating a hydraulic motor having pres sure and exhaust connections, fluid tanks having conduits for connection with said pressure and exhaust connections, the motor and one of said tanks being substantially filled with liquid, control means for selectively connecting one of said tanks with a source of fluid pressure power and the other tank with exhaust, a hand pump, and a single multi-way valve having a neutral position selectively connecting said fluid tank conduits directly with the pressure and exhaust connections of said motor and having two operating positions connecting said conduits in circuit with the motor and hand pump to operate the motor in opposite directions, for selective power and hand operation of said motor by forcing liquid from the full tank into the motor and from the motor into the other tank.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,616,841 Beebe Feb. 8, 1927 1,619,003 Steere Mar. 1, 1927 1,680,834 Wood Aug. 14, 1928 2,145,540 Ellis Jan' 31, 1939