US2775875A - Regenerator construction of a cold-gas refrigerator - Google Patents

Regenerator construction of a cold-gas refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2775875A
US2775875A US480122A US48012255A US2775875A US 2775875 A US2775875 A US 2775875A US 480122 A US480122 A US 480122A US 48012255 A US48012255 A US 48012255A US 2775875 A US2775875 A US 2775875A
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United States
Prior art keywords
regenerator
gas
cold
refrigerator
temperature
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Expired - Lifetime
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US480122A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kohler Jacob Willem Laurens
Schalkwijk Willem Frederik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Hartford National Bank and Trust Co filed Critical Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cold-gas refrigerators comprising a space of low temperature and a space of high temperature, which spaces freely communicate with one another by way of a freezer which under normal operating conditions of the refrigerator has a temperature lower than 40 C. and preferably lower than 60 C., a regenerator consisting of wire material, and a cooler.
  • the volume of each space may be varied by means of one or more piston-like bodies.
  • the refrigerator contains a gas which is always in the same state of aggregation and performs a closed thermodynamic cycle.
  • a cold-gas refrigerator is also known under the name of refrigerator operating on the reversed hot-gas motor principle and it is also known that such machines may be constructed in different ways, for example as a displacer machine or a double-operating machine, as a machine having its cylinder-s at an angle to one another, or as a machine of which the working space is combined with that of a hot-gas piston motor.
  • a displacer machine or a double-operating machine as a machine having its cylinder-s at an angle to one another, or as a machine of which the working space is combined with that of a hot-gas piston motor.
  • a considerable temperature diiference to be bridged in one step, that is, by compressing the medium only once for example the machine may have a cooling capacity at -80 C., but also a cooling capacity at 200 C., which temperatures may be reached from room temperature in one step.
  • regenerator constitutes an important part of the machine.
  • the gas performing a thermodynamic cycle in the machine is cooled once and heated once in the regenerator with each reciprocating movement of the piston-like bodies.
  • the temperature difference bridged by the regenerator may be material, for example 230 C.
  • the relationship between the length of the regenerator and the hydraulic diameter of the wire material has an important influence upon the cooling capacity and the efiiciency of the refrigerator, since it has been found that it is very desirable that this relationship should be chosen within certain limits. It was found that both the capacity and the chiciency of the refrigerator unduly decreased if the relationship was greater or smaller than the said limits.
  • the refrigerator is so proportioned that for the length L of the regenenator there applies:
  • L the length of the regenerator measured in cms.
  • dn the hydraulic diameter of the wire material of the regenerator in cms.
  • pmax the maximum pressure in the cycle in dyne/cm.
  • n number of revolutions of the crankshaft of the machine.
  • the term hydraulic diameter of the wire material is to be understood in this case to mean the quotient of four times the surface area and the periphery of a section of the wire at right angles to the direction of its length.
  • the term wire is to include also material having a cross-section of which the thickness is smaller than the width, for example a band.
  • the figure shows a coldgas refrigerator which is of the displacer type.
  • a displacer 2 and a piston 3 are adapted to move up and down in a cylinder 1 with a substantially constant phase difference, the displ-acer 3 acting upon the volume of a space 4, the space of low temperature, and both the displacer 2 and the piston 3 acting upon the volume of a space 5, the space of high temperature.
  • Said spaces freely communicate with one another by way of a freezer 6 which under normal operating conditions of the engine has a temperature lower than 40 C., a regenerator 7 and a cooler 8.
  • the displacer 2 is coupled by way of a driving-rod system 9 to a crank of :a crank-shaft 10, while the piston 3 is coupled by way of a driving-rod system 11 to cranks of the same crank-shaft 1d.
  • the refrigerator is driven by an electric motor 12.
  • the regenerator has a height L, indicated by 13.
  • the above-described machine has a cooler temperature of 300 K. and a freezer temperature of K.
  • the maximum pressure in the cycle is 35.10 dyne/cm. and the number of revolutions per second is 50.
  • the working medium of the machine used in the embodiment shown is hydrogen.
  • T the quotient of the absolute temperatures of the cooler and of the freezer
  • Pmax th maximum pressure in the cycle in dyne/cnfl
  • n number of revolutions of the crankshaft of the machine
  • 1 the dynamic viscosity of the gas at the mean temperature of the regenerator in poise wherein C is equal to at least 3.5.
  • dn the hydraulic diameter of the wire material of the regenerator in cms
  • n the quotient of the absolute temperatures of the cooler and of the freezer
  • n number of revolutions of the crankshaft of the machine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US480122A 1954-01-19 1955-01-06 Regenerator construction of a cold-gas refrigerator Expired - Lifetime US2775875A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL184444 1954-01-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2775875A true US2775875A (en) 1957-01-01

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ID=19750646

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US480122A Expired - Lifetime US2775875A (en) 1954-01-19 1955-01-06 Regenerator construction of a cold-gas refrigerator

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2775875A (forum.php)
NL (2) NL184444B (forum.php)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3487650A (en) * 1967-01-25 1970-01-06 Philips Corp Compression apparatus with balanced pressure and dynamic forces on piston

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1240862A (en) * 1915-09-21 1917-09-25 Ivar Lundgaard Refrigerating-machine.
GB695857A (en) * 1951-04-11 1953-08-19 Philips Nv Improvements in or relating to refrigerators

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1240862A (en) * 1915-09-21 1917-09-25 Ivar Lundgaard Refrigerating-machine.
GB695857A (en) * 1951-04-11 1953-08-19 Philips Nv Improvements in or relating to refrigerators

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3487650A (en) * 1967-01-25 1970-01-06 Philips Corp Compression apparatus with balanced pressure and dynamic forces on piston

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL184444B (nl)
NL86343C (forum.php)

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