US2775703A - Circuit-arrangement comprising a frequency-stabilized oscillator - Google Patents

Circuit-arrangement comprising a frequency-stabilized oscillator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2775703A
US2775703A US355778A US35577853A US2775703A US 2775703 A US2775703 A US 2775703A US 355778 A US355778 A US 355778A US 35577853 A US35577853 A US 35577853A US 2775703 A US2775703 A US 2775703A
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Prior art keywords
frequency
voltage
oscillator
circuit
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US355778A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bourgonjon Louis Raymond
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/10—Details of the phase-locked loop for assuring initial synchronisation or for broadening the capture range
    • H03L7/12—Details of the phase-locked loop for assuring initial synchronisation or for broadening the capture range using a scanning signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/20—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a harmonic phase-locked loop, i.e. a loop which can be locked to one of a number of harmonically related frequencies applied to it

Definitions

  • the invention relates to circuit-arrangements comprising an oscillator and equipped withan AFC-circuit-for automatic stabilization of the oscillator frequency relatively to a control frequency, more particularly relatively to a component of the frequency spectrum of a pulseshaped control voltage, which component is chosen by initial tuning of the oscillator, the said AFOvoltagecontrolling a reactance tube coupled to the oscillator.
  • An object of the present invention is the provision, in" arrangements of the type referred to in the preamble, of a simple and particularly suitable search voltage generator for widening the collecting zone, which generator produces a sinusoidal voltage having a very low fre quency.
  • the search voltage? generator comprises the reactance tube fed back by way of a feedback loop comprising an auxiliary amplifier tube and a circuit-determining the search voltage frequency.
  • the coupling ofthe auxiliary amplifying tube to the reactance tube may be established by a cathode resistor which both tubes have in common and is capacitatively with respect to oscillator frequencies.
  • a reactance tube use is preferably made of a multi-grid tube, the oscillator voltage being applied to the control grid, and the feed-back loop being connected between the anode of the reactance tube and another grid.
  • the use of two separated grids in the reactance tube for AFC-control and introduction of the search voltage into the reactance tube, respectively, is highly beneficial to the stability of the circuit-arrangement.
  • the network determining the search voltage frequency preferably consists of resistors and capacitors connected in such a manner that the reactance tube and the auxiliary by means of a search voltage generator. In order to.
  • . 2 amplifying tube jointly constitute a so-called Wien-bridgegenerator.
  • Wien-bridgegenerator As is known, the frequency constancy of such an RC-generator is particularly favorable.
  • the RC- gener'ator circuit in accordance With the invention is adapted, as will be explained with reference to the drawing, to be substantially decoupled with respect to the oscillator frequencies. This is particularly advantageous for stability reasons.
  • the circuit-arrangement of the figure comprises a highfrequency oscillator 1 which is tunable in a range of, for example, 1.5 to 4 megacycles per second.
  • the oscillator tube comprises a hexode portion 2 of a triodehexode 3.
  • the anode of the hexode is connected through a tunable anode circuit 4 to the positive junction terminal 5 of an anode voltage source (not shown). Coupled to the anode circuit is a feedback coil 6 coupled in the .control grid circuit of the hexode.
  • AFC-voltage required for stabilizing the frequency of the high-frequency oscillator 1.
  • the AFC voltage is applied in such manner that the oscillator frequency is stabilized relatively to a higher harmonic of a pulse voltage from a crystal-controlled pulse generator 11; said harmonic being chosen by initial tuning of the anode circuit 4.
  • the required AFC-voltage is obtained by mixing, in a mixer stage 12, the voltage set up at the oscillator control grid with the output voltage of the pulse generator 11.
  • the mixer stage 12 is normally blocked and is released only during the occurrence of a pulse.
  • Said mixer stage acts as a phase-detector and supplies, via an integrating network 13 and a low-pass filter 14, an AFC-voltage consisting, upon stabilization of the high-frequency oscillator 1, of a direct voltage and, failing stabilization, of an alternating voltage whose frequency corresponds to the frequency difference of the oscillator voltage and the frequency adjacent spectrum component of the pulse voltage.
  • the filter elements 13, 14 are so proportioned that only comparatively low difference frequencies, for example having maxima' of a few kilocycles per second or only afew collection point is passed. In this instance, the oscillator frequency is automatically locked on the neighboring higher harmonics of the impulse spectrum of the pulse generator 11.
  • the collecting zone of the AFC-circuit is extended establish the search voltage generator circuit, a feedback loop is provided between the anode and the screen grid of the reactance tube 7.
  • Said feedback loop comprises a triode 15 as an auxiliary amplifying tube and a phasing network, consisting of resistors and capacitors, as the element determining the search voltage frequency.
  • the triode 15 forms part of the triode-hexode 3, whose hexode portion serves as an oscillator tube.
  • the anode of the reactance tube 7 is connected through a high-frequency choke 16 to an input terminal of a four-terminal network grounded at its input and output end, whose series impedance consists of the seriesconnection of a resistor 17 and a capacitor 18, and whose parallel impedance between the output terminals consists of the parallel-connection of a resistor '19 and a capacitor 20. Connected between the'inputterminals.
  • the latter may, for example,'be so proportioned as to cause the RC-generator to oscillate with a'frequencyof afew cycles per second.
  • the RC-generator as described generates" only if the high-frequency oscillator 1 is not locked on a'spe'ct'rum component, since in locked condition, the reactance' tube 7 does not respond to variations of the screen grid-voltage. That is, said variations cause practically noanode voltagevariations as required for causing self-oscillation ,of,v the RC-generator. Due to the associated variation of the. apparent reactance of the reactance tube circuit 8, screen grid voltage variations would involve variation of the oscillator frequency. Variation of theoscillator frequency is counteracted by the frequencystabilizing AFC-circuit and thus compensates the influence of the screen grid voltage variation on the anode current of the reactance tube 7. In other words, the reactance tube, in locked condition is negatively fed back to a degree such that the influence of its positive feedback through a triode 15 is offset and the RC-generator is inoperative.
  • the RC-generator produces a sinusoidal search voltage, with the result that the mutual conductance of the reactance tube circuit 8, and consequently the frequency of the high-frequency oscillator 1, vary in the rhythm of the search voltage frequency.
  • the high-frequency oscillator 1 searches, starting with the tuning frequency of the anode circuit 4, a frequency range of, for example, approximately50 kilocycles per second, until collection and locking occurs.
  • the input of the RC-four-terminal network 17 to 201 is decoupled by means ofthe choke 16' and the short-circuitin'g capacitor 21 withrespect to the oscillator frequencies.
  • the output of. said RC-four terminalnetwork is also short-circuited with respect to the oscillatorfrequencies by the capacitor 20 cnnected between the output terminals.
  • the usual connection of the control grid of the triode 15 to the second control grid of the hexode 2 in the triode-hexode tube 3 cannot cause trouble. Due to the decoupling capacitor 23, high frequency voltages will occur neither at the anode of the triode 15'nor at the screen grid of the reactance tube 7'.
  • the RC-generator circuit is highly' 'decoupled relatively to the oscillatorand'reactance-tube circuit and said circuits do not adversely affect each other.
  • the search voltage generator After locking the frequency of the highfrequency oscillator 1 on a spectrum component of the pulse voltage of the pulse "generator 11, the search voltage generator will be fully inoperative.
  • the desired oscillator voltage occurs across the anode circuit 4 and may be supplied to a load via a coupling capacitor 24.
  • the invention may also be used if the oscillator frequency is stabilized relatively to a sinusoidal control voltage instead of a pulse-shaped control voltage.
  • a sine wave generator instead of the pulse generator 11 is connected to the mixer stage -12; the search voltage generator circuit may remain unchanged.
  • a system for stabilizing a first voltage produced by a'controll'able oscillator with respect to a' second voltage produced by a reference oscillator comprising a phase discriminator for comparing said first voltage with'said second voltage and producing therefrom a controlvoltage dependingon the frequency difference therebetween, a voltage responsivefrequency control device including a Iea'ctance tube having an anode, a control grid and a screen grid coupled to' said controllable oscillatorjmeans for applying said control voltage to said reactance tube to vary the frequency of said' controllable oscillator in a directione'ffe'cting synchronization with said second voltage, and a search voltage generator'producing a low-frequency search voltage for varying'the frequency of said controllable oscillator in the absence of synchronization, said generator including said reactance tube and a feedback circuit coupled to said tube and comprising a four-terminal network having input terminals and output'terminals, a series impedanceincluding afirst resistor and a first'capacitor
  • a system as 'set forth in claim 1, further including a common resistor coupling a source of anode" voltage to the anode of said auxiliary amplifying tubeand to the screen grid of said reactance tube.
  • auxiliary amplifying tube consists of a t'riod'e'andsaid controllable oscillator include's'an oscillator tubeeonsisting of a hexode and wherein said triode and' -said hexode constitute a triode-hexode tube.

Landscapes

  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
US355778A 1952-05-17 1953-05-18 Circuit-arrangement comprising a frequency-stabilized oscillator Expired - Lifetime US2775703A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL721106X 1952-05-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2775703A true US2775703A (en) 1956-12-25

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US355778A Expired - Lifetime US2775703A (en) 1952-05-17 1953-05-18 Circuit-arrangement comprising a frequency-stabilized oscillator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2775703A (sv)
BE (1) BE519977A (sv)
DE (1) DE936881C (sv)
FR (1) FR1077341A (sv)
GB (1) GB721106A (sv)
NL (2) NL169676B (sv)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2833923A (en) * 1955-10-13 1958-05-06 Gen Electric Hunting a. f. c. system
US2874292A (en) * 1956-05-21 1959-02-17 Skyline Products Inc Emergency signaling device
US2897450A (en) * 1955-09-23 1959-07-28 Philips Corp Automatic frequency control
US2972720A (en) * 1957-09-24 1961-02-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Automatic frequency control apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1194463B (de) * 1961-09-05 1965-06-10 Siemens Ag Frequenzregelschaltung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2268872A (en) * 1939-07-11 1942-01-06 Hewlett Packard Co Variable frequency oscillation generator
US2287925A (en) * 1940-02-29 1942-06-30 Sidney Y White Radio receiver
US2434294A (en) * 1943-10-22 1948-01-13 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Frequency control system
US2572343A (en) * 1946-09-20 1951-10-23 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Automatic synchronization of oscillators
US2601436A (en) * 1948-04-17 1952-06-24 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Frequency control apparatus
US2617037A (en) * 1948-03-27 1952-11-04 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Automatic frequency control circuit
US2631239A (en) * 1950-02-01 1953-03-10 Lower Jack Wesley Automatic frequency control system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2268872A (en) * 1939-07-11 1942-01-06 Hewlett Packard Co Variable frequency oscillation generator
US2287925A (en) * 1940-02-29 1942-06-30 Sidney Y White Radio receiver
US2434294A (en) * 1943-10-22 1948-01-13 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Frequency control system
US2572343A (en) * 1946-09-20 1951-10-23 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Automatic synchronization of oscillators
US2617037A (en) * 1948-03-27 1952-11-04 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Automatic frequency control circuit
US2601436A (en) * 1948-04-17 1952-06-24 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Frequency control apparatus
US2631239A (en) * 1950-02-01 1953-03-10 Lower Jack Wesley Automatic frequency control system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2897450A (en) * 1955-09-23 1959-07-28 Philips Corp Automatic frequency control
US2833923A (en) * 1955-10-13 1958-05-06 Gen Electric Hunting a. f. c. system
US2874292A (en) * 1956-05-21 1959-02-17 Skyline Products Inc Emergency signaling device
US2972720A (en) * 1957-09-24 1961-02-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Automatic frequency control apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE936881C (de) 1955-12-22
NL85193C (sv)
NL169676B (nl)
FR1077341A (fr) 1954-11-05
BE519977A (sv)
GB721106A (en) 1954-12-29

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