US2755615A

US2755615A - Drive for a twisting head

Info

Publication number: US2755615A
Application number: US273323A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hadwich Fritz
Original assignee: Schiess AG
Current assignee: Schiess AG
Priority date: 1951-03-03
Filing date: 1952-02-25
Publication date: 1956-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 1973-07-24

Description

July 24, 1956 F. HADWICH 2,755,615

DRIVE FOR A TWISTING HEAD Filed Feb. 25, 1952 INVENTOR. Fritz Haaw/ch BY his af/omeys ww m.

DRIVE FOR A TWISTING HEAD Fritz Hadwich, Bremen-Farge, Germany, assiguor to Schiess Aktiengesellschaft, Dusseldorf, Germany, a German company Application February 25, 1952, Serial No. 273,323

Claims priority, application Germany March 3, 1951 13 Claims. (Cl. 57-92) As is known, the purpose of twisting heads is to impart to the roving the twist which is necessary for a good drafting. The twist being imparted by passing the roving between two rollers which, in addition to being rotated, revolve as a unit. At the same time, the roving is drafted by the rollers acting in conjunction with a second pair of feed rollers.

The required double drive of the individual twisting heads of a machine may be effected by means of a rope or belt drive from one or two driving drums or by means of a worm drive from one or two longitudinally disposed shafts on which the driving pinions are mounted.

The speed of the roller housing, with which the pair of rollers of the twisting head revolves as a unit, determines the number of turns which will be put into the roving per unit of length for any given delivery speed. The delivery speed itself is not only dependent on the driving arrangement provided for the rotation of the rollers, but also on the differential in speeds of the two driving arrangements, taking into account the existing transmission ratios. The rotation of the rollers is also influenced by the revolving roller housing, which results solely from the fact that the rollers themselves rotate when their own drive is inoperative because their gear wheels roll on the stationary driving wheel when the rollers are revolved as a unit with their housing.

In order to operate twisting heads in a practical manner, it is important that it be possible to regulate the delivery speed and the degree of twist independently of one another. The hitherto known driving arrangements for twisting heads do not satisfy this requirement. in one knowncase, the arrangement provides for a fixed degree of twist and consequently only a simple driving arrangement is provided. This is "of no practical value in the spinning art, since different materials at times require to be given different twists. It is also known to vary the twist imparted to the roving by the use of interchangeabie wheels in the driving arrangement. In that case, however, it is necessary to dismantle the twisting heads when it is required to substitute one part for another. That is extremely inconvenient.

Finally, it has also been proposed to regulate each driving arrangement separately from the motor shaft. However, as already explained, this regulating arrangement does not lead to the desired effect, since the change in the speed of the roller housing, that is to say, the alteration of twist, also automatically involves a corresponding change in the delivery speed, so that both factors are varied in the same proportion. Moreover, in the case in question, to vary the twist to be imparted to the roving per unit length, it is necessary with such a construction of the driving-arrangement also to regulate the drive of the rollers correspondingly so that, for example, the delivery speed remains constant. The two drive adjustments would therefore have to be adapted to one another manually in some way. In addition, the adjustment should take place synchronously, otherwise jamsor'defective drafting of the roving can readilyoccur.

nited States Patent 2,755,615 Patented July 24, 1956 Consequently, such an adjustment would have necessarily to be made with great care and is therefore not practical.

Starting from these conditions, the invention solves the problem, on the one hand, of varying the number of turns imparted to the roving while the twisting heads are rotating or while they are stationary and without, in so doing, altering a predetermined set delivery speed and, on the other hand, of varying the delivery speed without, in so doing, altering a predetermined set number of turns to be imparted to the roving per unit length. According to the invention, the drive of the rollers and of the roller housing of the twisting head is effected from a common driving means, for example, an electric motor, each by means of a regulating gear and also through a common differential gear. This differential gear operates in such manner that the joint effect on the other drive produced by the regulation of one of the two drives within the spinning head is compensated for by its differential action. By this means, the result is achieved that when altering one quantity, that is to say, either the twist of the roving or the delivery speed, the other quantity is kept at the set value. The two quantities are therefore regulated independently of one another.

The invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure l is a diagrammatic view of a driving arrangement with a bevel gear differential;

Figure 2 is a similar diagrammatic view of a driving arrangement with a spur gear differential.

Figure 3 is a vertical section through a twisting head of the sort which may be driven by the novel drive which comprises the present invention, the driving gears being diagrammatically shown and moved around so as to be visible.

In Figure 1, all details are omitted in order better to illustrate the principle of the invention.

The roller housing 9 of the twisting head is made in two parts. The upper part carries a helical gear 50 having-a toothed annulus which meshes with pinions (not shown) on the opposite ends of the rollers 18. Gear 50 is driven by a gear 52 from theshaft l7 (hereinafter more fully described). The lower part of the roller housing is formed with lateral teeth 54 which mesh with helical gear 56 on the lower driving shaft 5 (hereinafter more fully described). The driving head per se is more fully disclosed and claimed as a separate invention in my copending prior application Serial No. 267,750, filed January 23, 1952.

The shaft 2 is 'driven at a constant speed by the motor 1. By means of a belt drive 3 or the like, the drive transmitted through a regulating gear 4 to the main shaft 5 of a differential gear 6. This main shaft 5 extends through the differential and forms the lower driving shaft of the twisting head, which rotates the roller housing 9 through a worm wheel drive.

A second belt drive 10 is driven from the shaft 2 through a regulating gear 11. This second drive it) drives the rotatably mounted planet carrier 12 of the differential gear. A .planet wheel 13 meshes with the two

sun wheels

14 and 15, of which the input sun wheel 14 is fast on the main shaft 5 of the differential gear, while the output sun wheel 15 is rotatably mountedon the main shaft '5. The upper driving shaft 17 of the twisting head is driven from the output sun wheel 15 through the gear train 16 anddrivesthe'rollers *18 of the twisting head through worm gearing.

The operation is as follows:

It will 'be assumed'that'the motor 1 is "running at a constantspeecl and'the regulating 'gear'4 'is set in'a'ccordance with the twist to be i'rnparted to'the roving. The 'rn'ainshaft S 'of the differential gear is thu's rotated at a speed dependent upon that of the motor 1 and of the setting of the gear 4 and the roller housing 9 revolves at a corresponding speed. If the regulating gear 11 is set to the zero value, which corresponds to a zero supply speed, the planet carrier 12 will not be rotated. On the other hand, however, the input sun wheel 14 is rotated with the main shaft 5 and it drives the output sun wheel through the planet 13 at the same speed and this speed is transmitted through the gear train 16 to the upper driving shaft 17. The two driving

shafts

5 and 17 are therefore rotated at the same speed. The rollers then revolve as a unit with the housing 9 and a twist is imparted to the roving. However, the rollers 18 are not themselves rotating, since the driving shaft 17 is driving the rollers in the opposite direction at the same speed as these are rotated by the rolling movement of the driving teeth with in the spinning head because of the rotation of the roller housing 9. The two rotational influences are cancelled out and the rollers are at rest; they revolve only as a unit. The twist is therefore set by the gear 4 but the delivery speed is zero due to the setting of the gear 11 at zero. This zero supply speed is maintained irrespective of the value up to which the roving twist is adjusted by the gear 4.

If the gear 11 is now set for a certain speed, the planet carrier 12 will be rotated and the planet 13 will roll on the two

sun wheels

14 and 15 and this additional rotation will be superimposed on the drive of the sun wheel 14 by the main shaft 5. The driving shaft 17 will now rotate at a speed different from that of the driving shaft 5 and the difference of these speeds leads to rotation of the rollers 18 themselves, that is to say, a particular delivery speed is determined. This supply speed can therefore be regulated by means of the gear 11 independently of the twist set by the gearing 4. The delivery speed set by the gearing 11 remains unchanged should the amount of twist to be imparted be changed by an appropriate setting of the gear 4, for this causes an alteration in the speed of the main shaft 5 of the differential gear and thus a uniform and simultaneous alteration in speed of both

driving shafts

5 and 17, whereby the reaction exerted by the rotation of the roller housing 9 on the rotation of the rollers (by the rolling of the driving gears for the rollers) is compensated for.

With the engagement of the differential gear, the result is obtained that the twist of the roving and the delivery speed can each be independently adjusted.

Since the drive of the lower driving shaft 5 by the main shaft 5 of the differential gear 6 passes directly through the latter, the belt drive 3 and the regulating gear 4 could drive the driving shaft 5 directly, in which case, the

drive

3, 4 in the drawing would be arranged to the left of the differential gear, the differential gear being located between the two

drives

3, 4 and 10, 11.

In this connection, the differential gear could also be arranged only in the drive for the upper driving shaft 17 in which case the rotation of the lower driving shaft 5 would have to be fed to the differential gear, that is to say, to the sun wheel 14. The principle of the invention is therefore characterised in this connection, by the fact that the rotation of the lower driving shaft 5 reacts on a differential connected in the drive of the upper driving shaft in order to nullify the rotational influence to which the rollers 18 are subjected by the rotation of the roller housing 9.

In the arrangement illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 2, a spur gear differential is employed. The shaft 20 and the spinning drum 21 are driven by the motor 19. Connected to the shaft 20 are two

gears

22, 23 equivalent to regulating gears 4 and 11 respectively of which the gear 22 serves for regulating the roving twist and the gear 23 serves for regulating the delivery speed. The gear 22 operates through two free wheel devices, 24, 25 having a right and left hand drive, which are provided for right-hand and left-hand twist of the roving, on the main shaft 26 of differential gear designated, generally, by numeral 27. This main shaft 26 is again extended to form the lower driving shaft of the twisting heads 29.

The gear 23 operates initially on a connecting shaft 30, by which the upper fluted cylinder 32 is driven through a further change gear 31 or an infinitely variable regulating gear or the like. The connecting shaft 30 leads into the differential gear 27 and carries a toothed wheel 33 which meshes with a toothed wheel 35 mounted on the planet carrier 34. The planet carrier 34 is rotatably mounted on a housing part 36 and the planets 37 mesh with the input sun wheel 38 which is mounted fast on the main shaft 26. On the other hand, the planets 37 are in mesh with an outer rotatable toothed annulus 39 which in turn meshes with a toothed wheel 40 which is fast on the shaft 41 leading out of the differential gear. This shaft is the upper driving shaft of the twisting heads or a continuation thereof.

The operation is similar to that already described with reference to Figure 1. The lower driving shaft of the twisting heads 29 is driven from the shaft 20 through one of the free wheel devices 24, 25 and through the main shaft 26 of the differential gear 27, so that the roving twist is capable of being regulated by means of the gear 22. The connecting shaft 30 is driven by the gear 23 and the planet carrier 34 is driven by the toothed wheel 33. If the speed of the planet carrier 34 is adjusted by means of the gear 23 to equal zero, which corresponds to a set delivery speed of zero, the planets 37 are merely driven by the wheel 38 on the main shaft 26 at the same speed as the latter, and of the lower driving shaft, respectively. By means of the wheels 37, the annulus 39 is rotated, and the wheel 40 and thus also the driving shaft 41 are given the same speed as the driving shaft 26. The rollers of the twisting head are therefore again driven at the same speed by the driving shaft 41 in the opposite direction to that in which they are rotated by the rotation of the roller housing by rolling within their driving teeth, that is to say, they remain at rest. If a certain speed is set by the gear 23, the planet carrier 34 is rotated by the shaft 30 and the planets 37 impart a supplementary rotation to the annulus 39, which rotation is imparted by the wheel 40 to the shaft 41. The differential speed between the

shafts

26 and 41 now produces a certain delivery speed.

In the practical operation of the arrangement, the

gears

22, 23 are set so as to obtain the desired delivery speed and the desired twist per unit length of roving. If the delivery speed is to be varied, the speed of the motor 19 is increased or reduced, the number of twists per metre of roving remaining constant. However, if this quantity is to be changed, the gear 22 is regulated accordingly.

Right-hand and left-hand twisting is effected by for: ward and reverse running of the motor 19, a different one of the free-wheel devices 24, 25 being operated in each case. In order that the connecting shaft 30 and the

shafts

32 and 41 driven by it maintain the same direction of rotation upon reversal of the motor, a reversing gear 42 is connected between the shaft 20 and the shaft 30.

I claim:

l. A drive for a twisting head of the kind having a pair of rollers mounted for rotation about their axes and also as a unit together with a housing about a common axis comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft for rotating said housing, a driving connection between said driving and driven shafts including a variable regulating gear, a second driven shaft for rotating said rollers, and a driving connection between said driving shaft and said second driven shaft including a differential gear and a variable regulating gear on the driving shaft side of said differential gear, said differential gear being connected to the first driven shaft.

2. A drive according to claim 1 in which said differential gear has an input shaft which is integral with said driven shaft for said housing.

3. A drive according to claim 2 in which said differential gear has an input sun wheel fixed to said input shaft and an output sun wheel operatively connected to said driven shaft for said rollers and mounted for rotation about the axis of said driven shaft for said housing.

4. A drive according to claim 1 in which said differential gear has a planet carrier operatively connected to said driving shaft through said last-mentioned regulating gear.

5. A drive according to claim 1 in which said differential gear is formed of spur gears including, as an output member, an internally toothed gear and in which said driven shaft for said rollers is operatively connected to said internally toothed gear by a pinion meshing with it.

6. A drive according to claim 5 comprising also a fluted cylinder operatively connected to the driving connection between said driving shaft and said differential gear, and means driving said cylinder from said driving shaft in relation fixed with respect to the delivery speed of the roving but independent of variation of the twist.

7. A drive according to claim 6 in which said fluted cylinder is connected to said driving connection through a variable regulating gear.

8. A drive according to claim 1 in which said driving shaft is connected to said differential gear through two one-way driving gears, one for right hand and one for left hand rotation, acting in parallel and driven alternatively from said driving shaft, both turning during both said rightand left-hand rotations.

9. A drive for a twisting head of the kind having a pair of rollers mounted for rotation about their axes and also as a unit together with a housing about a common axis, comprising a shaft for rotating said housing, means to drive said shaft at different speeds, a second shaft for rotating said rollers, mechanism for rotating said second shaft at difierent speeds, including a differential gear having a planet carrier, and means to drive said planet carrier at different speeds, said differential gear being connected to said shaft which rotates the housing.

10. A drive as claimed in claim 9 in which said differential gear has an input shaft which is integral with said shaft for rotating the housing.

11. A drive as claimed in claim 10 in which said differential gear has an input sun wheel fixed to said input shaft, and an output sun wheel operatively connected to said second shaft and mounted for rotation about the axis of said shaft for rotating the housing.

12. A drive according to claim 9 in which the differential gear is formed of spur gears including, as an output member, an internally toothed gear and in which said second shaft is operatively connected to said internally toothed gear by a pinion meshing with it.

13. A drive for a twisting head of the kind having a pair of rollers mounted for rotation about their axes and also as a unit together with a housing about a common axis, comprising a shaft for rotating said housing, means to drive said shaft at different speeds, a second shaft for rotating said rollers, means to drive said second shaft at different speeds, and mechanism compensating for the differential effect within the twisting head, said mechanism comprising a common differential gear connected to said two driving means and between the twisting head and the means to drive the said two shafts at different speeds.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 519,491 Baker Mar. 8, 1894 708,458 Breeze Sept. 2, 1902 1,474,131 Zachariadis Nov. 13, 1923 2,608,817 Reinicke Sept. 2, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 5,134 Great Britain of 1881 136,117 France Apr. 14, 1880