US275176A - Flocked fabric or imitation textile fabric - Google Patents
Flocked fabric or imitation textile fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US275176A US275176A US275176DA US275176A US 275176 A US275176 A US 275176A US 275176D A US275176D A US 275176DA US 275176 A US275176 A US 275176A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- flock
- coating
- flocked
- adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title description 54
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 50
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 44
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000681094 Zingel asper Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000588 Gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000005428 Pistacia lentiscus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000003670 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23943—Flock surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23993—Composition of pile or adhesive
Definitions
- This invention has for its object to provide a cheap and serviceable substitute for woolen and other cloths, adapted for use as a covering for desks and tables, drapery, upholstering material, carriage-lining, &c.
- I take as a foundation a suitable woven fabric-such as linen, cotton, silk, or other suitable material of comparatively close texture-and spread upon one or both sides of it an elastic liquidproof coating composed of rubber, guttapercha, or other gum, or a'mixture of these or equivalent gums, dissolved in naphtha or other evanescent volatile fluid, to form a smooth, pliable, elastic, and water-proof surface or bed.
- a suitable woven fabric- such as linen, cotton, silk, or other suitable material of comparatively close texture-and spread upon one or both sides of it an elastic liquidproof coating composed of rubber, guttapercha, or other gum, or a'mixture of these or equivalent gums, dissolved in naphtha or other evanescent volatile fluid, to form a smooth, pliable, elastic, and water-proof surface or bed.
- This elastic material should be of the same color as the outer surface of the completed product, and the foundation fabric is prefer- YVhen this surface or bed has sufficiently hardened by the volatilization of the fluid, I apply to it a thin coating of mastic varnish or other suitable practically colorless liquid adhesive material, and imme diately thereafter, before the adhesive material has time to dry or harden, I force against it a suitable flocking material composed of loose fibers or filaments of wool, silk, cotton, or other suitable material cut in any desired length and colored to correspond with the elastic bed.
- flocking material is forced against the adhesive surface within the box, preferably by means of a blower or other air-forcing appara- (No specimens.)
- the flock may be dusted or sprinkled upon the cloth, and the apron supporting the cloth may be shaken or beaten upwardly by suitable mechanism, so as to meet the descending flock with some force.
- Hy improved method of applying the flock enables me to imitate a plush or piled fabric by using flock of suitable material.
- a uapped woolen or other surface may be also successfully imitated.
- the cloth is exposed to the air until the adhesive material is thoroughly dried, and then rolled or folded for transportation and use.
- the improved product may be made to imitate broadeloths or other cloths having a tinished surface by applying suitable surfacing compound to the flocked surface alter the latter has been dried, and then applying a polishing roll or iron to give the desired luster.
- the varnish being more adhesive in its nature than the rubber, will take or catch the particles of flock more readily, the flock being sprinkled or dusted upon the varnish and adhering by simply falling upon it, without artificial pressure, thus producing a sur-, face resembling plush, whereas when the rubber is employed to catch the flock the latter has to be pressed into the rubber to insure sufficient adhesion, and has afterward to be raised by artificial means if a plush surface is desired;
- the varnish dries slowly, so that the operation of dusting or sprinkling the flock upon it can be repeated several times before the varnish dries, thus insuring a thorough covering of all parts of the adhesive surface with flock, while the rubber, when employed to catch the flock, dries more quickly, so that pressure has to be resorted to, as above described;
- the incorporation of the flock into the rubber coating by pressure makes a stit't'
- the product is made much more serviceable, no change of color being caused by wear.
- An imitation of woolen or other fabric composed of a foundation of woven fabric having on one side or both sides an elastic liquidproof bed, a coating of varnish or other adhesive material applied to said bed, and a surface of flock applied to said adhesive coating, as set forth.
- An imitation of woolen or other fabric composed of a foundation of woven fabric of a given color, having on one or both sides an elastic liquid-proof bed of the same color, a coating of varnish or other colorless adhesive material applied to said bed, and a surface of flock of the same color as the foundation and bed, applied to said adhesive coating, as set forth.
Description
' ably of the same color.
' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
CHARLES A. EVANS, OF SALEM, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND THEODORE S. VERY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
FLOCKED FABRIC OR IMITATION TEXTILE FABRIC.
v SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,176, dated April 3, 1883,
Application filed July 10, 1882.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES A. EVANS, of Salem, in the county of Rockingham and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain Improvements in Flocked Fabrics or Imitation Textile Fabrics,ofwhich the following is a specification.
This invention has for its object to provide a cheap and serviceable substitute for woolen and other cloths, adapted for use as a covering for desks and tables, drapery, upholstering material, carriage-lining, &c.
In carrying out my invention I take as a foundation a suitable woven fabric-such as linen, cotton, silk, or other suitable material of comparatively close texture-and spread upon one or both sides of it an elastic liquidproof coating composed of rubber, guttapercha, or other gum, or a'mixture of these or equivalent gums, dissolved in naphtha or other evanescent volatile fluid, to form a smooth, pliable, elastic, and water-proof surface or bed. This elastic material should be of the same color as the outer surface of the completed product, and the foundation fabric is prefer- YVhen this surface or bed has sufficiently hardened by the volatilization of the fluid, I apply to it a thin coating of mastic varnish or other suitable practically colorless liquid adhesive material, and imme diately thereafter, before the adhesive material has time to dry or harden, I force against it a suitable flocking material composed of loose fibers or filaments of wool, silk, cotton, or other suitable material cut in any desired length and colored to correspond with the elastic bed.
In applying the flocking material I prefer to impel the same against the adhesive surface by air-pressure or by gravitation, so thatthe pieces or filaments of flock can stand on the clotll in the position in which they originally fall. I prefer to pass the cloth, after it has received its adhesive coating, into a flockingbox, the cloth being supported and carried through said box on an endless belt or apron driven by rollers at the ends of the box. The
flocking material is forced against the adhesive surface within the box, preferably by means of a blower or other air-forcing appara- (No specimens.)
tus, through a flaring pipe or tunnel, said material entering the smaller end and escaping through the larger end of said pipe, so as to be distributed or scattered widely over the cloth.
If desired, the flock may be dusted or sprinkled upon the cloth, and the apron supporting the cloth may be shaken or beaten upwardly by suitable mechanism, so as to meet the descending flock with some force.
The described operations are continued un til all the adhesive surface is covered and the adhesive material has taken up as many particles of flock as possible.
By either of the above-described operations I am enabled to apply a greater amount of flock to the adhesive surface than could be done by positive pressure of the flock thereon, because the filaments are allowed to adhere more or less by their ends, instead of lying flat against the adhesive surface.
' Hy improved method of applying the flock enables me to imitate a plush or piled fabric by using flock of suitable material. A uapped woolen or other surface may be also successfully imitated. After the flocking operation is completed the cloth is exposed to the air until the adhesive material is thoroughly dried, and then rolled or folded for transportation and use.
If desired, 1 may press the cloth previous to drying and emboss or stamp figures or patterns upon the surface. Sometimesas when a product ofan unusual degree of thickness, or one in which both sides are alike, is required-- I apply the adhesive material and flocking to both sides of the cloth. To obtain greater thickness, I may dust or blow fine flock upon the original elastic coating before it has been dried and pass the cloth between rollers to incorporate the flock closely into the elastic coating, the subsequent process being the same as above described. For many purposes-such as book-bindings, table and desk covering material, &c.oloth flocked on one side is suitable, while for various other purposes it is obvious that both sides should be flocked.
I am aware that paper and other materials have been flocked with Wool and other materials, and that cloth enameled on one side has been flocked to imitate leather, the flocking being applied to varnish, which is'spread directly on and permeates the cloth. My object is to produce a cheap and durable substitute for textile fabrics of various kinds, and the success of my invention is due to the provision of the elastic and liquid-proof bed on the foundation fabric and the application of the elas-' tic material and flocking to said bed, whereby the varnish is kept from entering and stiffening the foundation fabric, and the whole product is maintained in a soft pliable condition. Were the elastic and liquid-proof bed omitted, the varnish or adhesive material would permeate the cloth and render it hard and liable to crack. This I have demonstrated by practical tests.
The improved product may be made to imitate broadeloths or other cloths having a tinished surface by applying suitable surfacing compound to the flocked surface alter the latter has been dried, and then applying a polishing roll or iron to give the desired luster.
I am aware that flock has been deposited directly upon the rubber coating of a piece of textile fabric while said coating is in a soft and adhesive condition, as shown in Letters Patent of the United States Nos. 48,015, 34,428, 25,192, and 26,720.
By depositing the flock upon the adhesive coating of varnish instead of upon'the gum coating, I obtain the following advantages, viz: First, the varnish, being more adhesive in its nature than the rubber, will take or catch the particles of flock more readily, the flock being sprinkled or dusted upon the varnish and adhering by simply falling upon it, without artificial pressure, thus producing a sur-, face resembling plush, whereas when the rubber is employed to catch the flock the latter has to be pressed into the rubber to insure sufficient adhesion, and has afterward to be raised by artificial means if a plush surface is desired; second, the varnish dries slowly, so that the operation of dusting or sprinkling the flock upon it can be repeated several times before the varnish dries, thus insuring a thorough covering of all parts of the adhesive surface with flock, while the rubber, when employed to catch the flock, dries more quickly, so that pressure has to be resorted to, as above described; third, the incorporation of the flock into the rubber coating by pressure makes a stit't'er and less pliable article than mine, in which the flock is kept entirely distinct from said coating by the interposed coating of varnish.
By making the foundation fabric, the gum coating, and the flock of the same color, as above described, the product is made much more serviceable, no change of color being caused by wear.
1. In the method or process of making a water-proof flocked fabric composed of a foundation of woven fabric, a liquid-proof coating of suitable gum, and a surface of flock, theinterposed step consisting in applying to said liquid-proof coating a surface of varnish or other liquid adhesive material and applying the flock to said adhesive surface, as set forth.
2. An imitation of woolen or other fabric composed of a foundation of woven fabric having on one side or both sides an elastic liquidproof bed, a coating of varnish or other adhesive material applied to said bed, and a surface of flock applied to said adhesive coating, as set forth.
3. An imitation of woolen or other fabric composed of a foundation of woven fabric of a given color, having on one or both sides an elastic liquid-proof bed of the same color, a coating of varnish or other colorless adhesive material applied to said bed, and a surface of flock of the same color as the foundation and bed, applied to said adhesive coating, as set forth.
In testimony whereofl have signed my name to this specification,in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 3d day of July, 1882.
' CHAS. A. EVANS.
Witnesses:
O. F. BROWN, A. L. WHITE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US275176A true US275176A (en) | 1883-04-03 |
Family
ID=2344405
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US275176D Expired - Lifetime US275176A (en) | Flocked fabric or imitation textile fabric |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US275176A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2949382A (en) * | 1958-02-28 | 1960-08-16 | Cons Water Power & Paper Co | Method of making printable coated paper |
-
0
- US US275176D patent/US275176A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2949382A (en) * | 1958-02-28 | 1960-08-16 | Cons Water Power & Paper Co | Method of making printable coated paper |
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