US2750590A - Dipole antenna - Google Patents

Description

H. V. PHELPS DIPOLE ANTENNA June l2, 1956 Filed Nov. 6, 1951 DIPLE ANTENNA Henry V. Phelps, Nitta Yuma, Miss.

Appiication November 6, 1951, Serial No. 255,063

4 Claims. (Cl. 343-904) This invention relates generally to the class of radiant energy and is directed particularly to improvements in dipole antennae.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved dipole antenna of either the straight type or the folded type wherein a shielding signal receiving element and a conductor element are constructed in a single unit, with means built into the unit for building up or increasing the signal strength in the passage of the signal from the receiving element to the inner signal conducting elernent of the structure.

Another object of the invention is to provide an irnproved dipole antenna of the straight or folded type which is designed in a novel manner to diminish local inter ference.

Still another and more specific object of the invention is to provide a dipole antenna of the straight or folded type in which the signal conducting dipoles which are connected with the leadin, are enclosed in and insulated from the receiving dipoles, with a transformer structure mounted within the inner dipole and having its primary winding electrically connected with the receiving dipole and its secondary winding electrically connected with the inner dipole.

The invention will be best understoodfrom a consideration of the following detailed description takenin connection with the accompanying drawing forming a part of the specifications, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the exact de tails of construction shown and described since obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a View in elevation of a straight dipole antenna constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on the line 2--2 of Figure l.

Figure 3 is a partial longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on the line 3 3 of Figure l.

Figure 4 is a view in elevation of a folded dipole constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 5 is a partial longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on the line 5 5 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a view partially in section and partially in elevation of a portion of one end of the folded dipole.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing the numeral 10 generally designates the straight dipole antenna which consists of the usual two aligned longitudinal sections 12 mounted upon and connected by an in termediate insulation block 14.

In accordance with the present invention each of the sections has or comprises an inner tube 16 which will be referred to as the conducting tube or signal carrying tube and each of which is secured at one end to the insulation block by a suitable connection such as a bolt 18 which may also function as the terminal post for one of the two leadin wires, shown in dotted outline in Figure 1 and designated 20.

nited States Patent O Each of the conductor tubes 16 is screw threaded upon each end as indicated at 21 for the purpose about to be described.

Enclosing the major portion of each conductor tube 16 is an insulation body 22 which may be in the form of a rubber tubing tting tightly around the tube 16 and en closing the rubber tube insulation of each section of the antenna is an outer metal signal receiving tube 24 which is of the same length as the insulation 22.

Encircling each end of the conductor tube 16 is an insulation collar 25 and threaded upon each end of each conductor tube 16 and rmly holding the adjacent insulation collar against the ends of the adjacent tubes 22 and 24, is the binding nut 26.

Each of the sections of the antenna structure houses, within the inner or conductor tube 16, a transformer unit which is generally designated 30. This transformer unit comprises the central soft iron bar or rod 32 around which is wrapped the secondary Winding 34 of the transformer which consists of insulated copper magnet wire. Each end of the secondary winding 34 is electrically connected as at 35 to the signal conductor tube 16, as is clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3.

Encircling the secondary winding 34 of the transformer in each section of the antenna, isthe primary Winding 36 which is also composed of copper magnet wire suitably insulated. This winding consists of fewer turns of wire than the secondary 34 and the two ends of each winding 36 are brought out through the adjacent ends of the conductor tubes 16 and are electrically connected as at 37 to the metal signal receiver tube 24 as shown in Figures 2 and 3,

In the operation of this and the folded dipole structure about to be described, the outer metal tube or signal receiver 24 first intercepts the electric signal which flows to. and through the primary Winding 36 of the transformer'. This signal passing through the primary winding induces an increased signal voltage in the secondary Winding which then, of course, passes to the conductor tube 16 and to the leadin wires 20.

In Figure 4 is shown a folded dipole antenna constructed in accordance with the present invention and generally designated 110. In this folded construction the top section which is generally designated 112z comprises a single central tube 116 which is threaded at its two ends as indicated at 121 and this signal conductor tube is enclosed in a dielectric tube 122 which in turn is enclosed in the single long outside metallic signal receiver tube 124.

Parallel with the top unit, are two short aligned sections 112, each of which is of substantially the same construction as the sections 12 of Figure l. Each of these lower sections 112 comprises the central conductor tube 116a, which is threaded at each of its ends as indicated at 1Z1a and is enclosed in the dielectric casing or jacket 122e which in turn is housed in the outside signal receiver tube 124e.

Each end of the conductor tube 116 is electrically connected with the outer end of the adjacent tube 11611 by the curved end conductor 50.

The adjacent inner ends of the portions 112 are coupled with the long portion 112e by the insulation couplers 51, each of which at one end has an opening 52 therein of sufficient size to have the signal receiver tube 124 eX- tended therethrough while at its other end is a corresponding but smaller opening or hole to receive the adjacent end of the short tube 116e. The adjacent ends of the tubes 116:1 have threaded thereon the binding nuts 126 which secure the ends of the couplers 51 to the tubes 116e and 124e.

At the outer ends of the folded dipole are similar insulation couplers 56 which are apertured as indicated at 57 in Figure 6 to receive the adjacent ends of the inner tubes 116 and 116a and the outer ends of these inner tubes have nuts 126e threaded thereon as shown which compress the ends of the connectors 56 against the adjacent ends of the receiver tubes and the dielectric between the same and the inner tubes.

Within the long signal conducting tube 116 is a transformer unit which is generally designated 131m and within'each of the smaller portions 112, in the tubes 116a thereof, are the transformer units 130i?. These units 130g and ltlb are of the same construction as the units 30 hereinbefore described.

The transformer unit 131m has each end of the primary winding 136e brought out through the tube 116 to to the outside of the signal receiver tube 124 where it is electrically connected to the adjacent end of the receiver tube 124 as indicated at 137a.

Each end of the secondary winding 13AM of the transformer 130a is electrically coupled as indicated at 135a to the adjacent end of the inner conductor tube 116 as shown in Figure 6.

In the short portions 112 of the folded structure the primary winding 136b is brought out at each end through the conductor 116a and is electrically connected as indicated at 137 b to the signal receiver tube 124a and each end of the secondary winding 134b is electrically connected as indicated at 135k to the adjacent end of the encasing conductor tube 116:1.

From the foregoing it will be readily apparent that each of the portions 112and 112a of the folded dipole is essentially of exactly the same construction as each of the portions 12 of the straight dipole and, by reason of the curved connectors v543i the conductor tube 116 is electrically coupled at each end with the conductor tube 11611 to form the complete loop having its ends adapted to be connected with the leadin wires 120.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the present invention provides a novel dipole antenna construction of compact form and including a means for boosting the received signal strength, which signal is picked up by the reflector which encases and shields the conductor by which such signal is carried to the leadin wires.

I claim:

1. In a dipole antenna, an elongate tubular electric current conductor, an iron core extending therethrough, insulated primary and secondary transformer windings in said conductor and around said core, a second tubular conductor through which the rst conductor extends, a

dielectric sheath encasing the major portion of the rst conductor and extending throughout the length of the inner surface of the second conductor to electrically separate said tubular conductors, an electrical coupling between the ends of the primary winding and the ends of the second tubular conductor, an electrical coupling between the ends of the secondary winding and the ends of the first tubular conductor, and means for attaching a lead-in conductor to the iirst current conductor.

2. In a dipole antenna, an elongated tubular electric current conductor, an iron core disposed within said conductor, insulated primary and secondary transformer windings disposed within said conductor and around said core, a second tubular conductor surrounding said rst conductor, dielectric means on said rst conductor and engaging said second conductor to support said conductors in spaced concentric relationship, an electrical coupling between the ends of said primary winding and the ends of said second conductor, an electrical coupling between said secondary winding and the ends of said rst conductor and means for attaching a lead-in conductor to said rst conductor.

3. An antenna as dened in claim 2 in which said dielectric means comprises washers surrounding the ends of said first conductor and means for iirmly holding said washers to clamping engagement with the ends of said second conductor.

4. 1n a dipole antenna, an elongated tubular electric current conductor, insulated primary and secondary transformer windings disposed within said conductor, a second tubular conductor surrounding said first conductor, dielectric means on said first conductor and engaging said second conductor to support said conductors in spaced concentric relationship, an electrical coupling between the ends of said primary winding and the ends of said second conductor, an electrical coupling between said secondary Winding and the ends of said rst conductor, and means for attaching a lead-in conductor to said first conductor.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,884,536 Blair et al. Oct. 25, 1932 2,480,172 Willoughby Aug. 30, 1949 2,489,720 Newell et al Nov. 29, 1949 2,493,514 Wehner Ian. 3, 1950 2,503,952 Laport Apr. 11, 1950

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