US2747851A - Impact type frost breaker - Google Patents

Description

May 29, 1956 c. E. MARSH 2,747,851

IMPACT TYPE FROST BREAKER Filed Nov. 23, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 Clarence E Mars/1 INVENTOR.

May 29, 1956 c. E. MARSH IMPACT TYPE FROST BREAKER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 23, 1953 I IN V EN TOR.

' Y QM WWW United States Patent IIVIPACT TYPE FROST BREAKER Clarence E. Marsh, Wauwatosa, Wis. Application November 23, 1953, Serial N0. 393,564 2 Claims. (Cl. 26214) This invention. relates to a frost breaker and more specifically provides a device to facilitate the excavation of frozen soil often enc'oiintered in the northern areas and useful wherever this frozen condition may exist. The device of this invention may be used in excavating soil having frost or rock outcropping therein and the device maybe further useful in breaking concrete or asphalt paving.

A primary'object of this invention is to provide a frost breaker to be used in conjunction with a machine havthe frost level.

Afurther object of this invention is to provide a frost breaker having a weightedsoil penetrating memberwhere- .inthe weight of the member may be varied to vary the depth of penetration of the ground penetrating member wherein the efilciency of the operation and the time c'onsumed by the operation will remain at an optimum condition.

Yet another important object of this invention is to provide a frost breaker which is simple in construction,

rugged, inexpensive to manufacture and easily attached 'toexisting machines having a vertically swingable'boom thereon.

These together with other objects and advantages which will become subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully herein'after described andclaimed, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

Figure l is a side elevational view showing the frost breaker of this invention and the structural relationships of the various elements;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the construction of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the frost breaker tool carrying member and the soil penetrating member on the bottom thereof;

Figure 4 is a detailed side elevation of the lower end of the tool supporting member and the soil penetrating member thereon;

Figure 5 is a top plan section taken substantially along section line 5-5 of Figure 1 showing the details of construction of the tool supporting member and the ballast weight therein;

Figure 6 is a transverse, top plan section taken substantially along section line 6-6 of Figure 1 showing the details of construction of the upper cable attaching bracket;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal, vertical section taken substantially along section line 7-7 of Figure 4 showing 2,747,851 Patented May 29, 1956 2 the details or construction of the tool supporting anember and thesoii penetrating member;

Figure 8 is a perspective detail section showing a solid cylindrical ty pe tool supporting member;

Figure 9 is a perspective detail section showing a solid polygonal type tool supporting member; and

Figure 10 is a detail perspective section showing a polygonal tubular type tool supporting member.

Referring now specifically to the drawings, it will be seen that the numeral 10 generally designates the frost breaks: of this invention mounted upon a conventional excavating machine 12 having the usual pivoting Boom 14 thereon.

The machine '12 generally includes a frame member 16 pivotally mounted on asuitable base 18 having a stationa'ry'ring 'gea'r'20 mountedon the upper surface thereof. The frame '16 is provided with an internal combustion engine '22 or other suitable power means and the engine 22 includes a power sprocket 24 for driving a sprocket Chain 26 which engages over a pulley 28 rotatably journaled on suitable hearing members on the frame 16; A bevel gear so-is secured to a shaft 32 which projects downwardly through the frame 16 and has a pinion gear 34 in meshing engagement with the ring gear 20'. The pulley 28 transmits the power through a spur gear train to a pair of bevel gears 36 which are in meshing engagement'with the bevel gear '30 and clutch means 38 are provided for selective actuation of the bevel gears 36 wherein the bevel gear 30 may be rotated in either d'i-fec'tion thereby 'pivot in-gthe time about the supporting base 18 as desired. The pulley '28 also drives a spur gear 40 which in turn individually drives sable winches 42 and which are journal'ed the same axle and individualclutchme'a are providedfor operating the wineries :"42 and 44 individually" of simultaneously. 'It will-he seen tuaetheva-tious gears and-drums are mounted htwee'n thestanding merhhers-M on the frame 16 which is braced by a suitable brace -means 48 all of which is found in the usual'iriachir'iesof'thi's type. Thefor'ward endof 'the'frame- 16' is provided with a transversely ex tending member 50' having a boom Si-pivoted thereto wherein the boom "52' is' generally triangular with the base ihio'f h "n'g affair-of pivotaicohuections t0 the transverse mom or "50 at transverse remote portions of the frame 1 6.- The. side members of t'he boom 52 arebraeed from each other by suitable cross bracing 54 and the outer one or'tiieside meniBers-oftheeoom 52 are apertii roe-anaspaeed rreni e'aehotherfo'r a purpose described hereinafter. An upstanding member 56 is positioned at the center of the transverse member 50 and the upper end of the upstanding member 56 is connected to the upper end of the upstanding member 46 by a brace member 58 wherein a rigid structure is provided and it will be seen a guide pulley 60 is positioned adjacent the upper end of the upstanding member 56 and a pair of guide pulleys 62 and 64 are positioned adjacent the lower end of the upstanding member for a purpose described hereinafter.

At the outer end of the boom 52, an elongated tool supporting member or ram 66 is pivotally attached between the apertured ends of the boom 52 by a pivot pin 68 positioned in an aperture 70 in the tool supporting member 66. The tool supporting member 66 is generally tubular and includes a closed lower end portion to the tubular member and a tool attaching portion 72 attached to the lower end thereon. The tubular attaching member 72 is provided with an inwardly extending socket 74 for telescopically receiving a projection 76 on a soil penetrating cutting element 78. The cutting element 78 is held on the tool attachment 72 by a transverse wedge 80 inserted through suitable apertures in the tool attaching member 72 and the projecting portion 76 of the cutting tool 78. At the upper end of the tool supporting member or ram 66, a T-shaped member 82 is welded with the leg of the T-shaped member projecting towards the frame 16 and including an aperture 84 for pivotally receiving a pulley block 86 having a pulley 88 rotatably journaled therein. A cable 90 is terminally connected to the upstanding member 56 adjacent its upper end and passes over the pulley 88 and thence rearwardly over the guide pulley 60 and around the cable drum 42. Adja cent the lower or middle portion of the tool supporting member 66 is welded a U-shaped member 92 having a pulley supporting block 94 pivoted between the legs of the U-shaped member 92 by a suitable pivot bolt 96 and supporting a pulley 98 therein. A cable 100 is terminally secured to the boom 52 adjacent its midpoint and passes over the pulley 98 and thence rearwardly through the boom and over guide pulleys 102 and 104 journaled thereon and between the guide pulleys 62 and 64 and wound about the cable drum 44. As shown in Figures and 6, suitable ballast weight 106 may be positioned in the tubular tool supporting member 66 to impart an additional thrust or movement to the tool supporting member 66 when the device is raised and dropped wherein the tool 78 is pushed into the ground for breaking the frozen soil. Obviously, the amount of weight ballast required may be determined for each individual job and if desirable, the tool supporting member 66 may be a solid cylinder as indicated by the numeral 108 in Figure 8 or as a polygonal solid member 110 in Figure 9 or as a tubular polygonal member illustrated by the numeral 112 in Figure 10. In each instance, the mode of operation of the device is the same.

The operation of the device will be readily understood. By manipulation of the winches 42 and 44, the tool supporting member 66 along with the boom 52 may be swung vertically upward and released thereby dropping the weighted tool member 66 causing the sharpened cutting tool 78 to penetrate the soil, cement or asphalt depending upon its specific use. By manipulation of the individual winches 42 and 44, the angular position of the tubular tool support 66 may be changed and if necessary, the cable 100 will activate the tool supporting member 66 in the nature of a dragline operation wherein the soil or material is more efiiciently loosened. The device of this invention may be attached to any conventional machine having the usual boom and boom operating cables and winches. It will be seen that this device may be constructed of any readily obtainable rugged materials thereby making the device relatively inexpensive to manufacture and use.

The employment of this device in regions having climatic conditions which freezes the soil and where rock outcroppings are encountered in the soil which is to be excavated has effectively reduced the time required for such excavation as well as reduced the amount of breakage of the regular excavation implements which are usually employed for this type work.

From the foregoing, the construction and operation of the device will be readily understood and further explanation is believed to be unnecessary. However, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. The combination with a machine having a boom, of an elongated tool supporting member standing substantially upright and a penetrating tool mounted on said member adjacent its lower end, coupling means including a pivot connecting said tool supporting member to said boom at a point materially spaced from said tool, means for lifting said boom, tool supporting member and tool to a height from which the tool, tool supporting member and boom are released to fall by gravity, said tool supporting member and tool falling in a direction which is longitudinal of said member to deliver an impact blow upon an underlying surface, means for pivoting the tool supporting member about said pivot and holding the tool supporting member in pivotally adjusted position whereby the angle of the tool with respect to said underlying surface is adjustable, the connection between said coupling means and said tool supporting member being disposed substantially above the tool at the time of impact whereby stresses resulting from said blow are transmitted substantially longitudinally of said member between said boom and tool supporting member.

2. The device of claim 1 in which said tool supporting member is sufficiently elongated and said coupling means is located at such a distance above the tool that said boom has a substantial upward inclination at said time of impact.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,327,324 Hecker Jan. 6, 1920 2,029,363 Downie Feb. 4, 1936 2,148,171 Paris Feb. 21, 1939 2,304,845 Pegno Dec. 15, 1942 2,653,769 Hall Sept. 29, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 466,715 Canada July 18, 1950

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