US274778A - Pulvebized fuel - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J.B.HY DE. K MEANS FOR FEEDING PULVBRIZBD FUEL. No. 274.77 Patented Mar.27,1883.

WITNESSES: mvmros' UNIT D STATES:

PATENT, OFFICE.

J. BURnows HYDE, "on NEW YORK, N. Y.

MEANS FCR FEEDING PULVERIZED FUEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,778, dated March 27, 1883.

Applicationfiled May 20, 1882. (No model.)

T0 allow/tom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. BURROWS HYDE, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Feeding Pulverized Fuel, of which the follow in g is a specification,reference being had there in to the accompanying drawings.

My improvement consists in a novel method 1 of preparing and using peaty matters'for calorific purposes in treating minerals or metals;

also for use in chemical manipulations, steam generation, and other purposes in the arts; and my invention includes an apparatus for feedheating value of the fuel. The calorific power of good peat is, pound for pound/equal to that of mineral coal. A ton of such peat will yield,

on distillation, ten thousand to fifteen thousand cubic feetof gas of five to ten candle power, and

five hundred to seven hundred pounds superior quality charcoal. 1t therefore'possesses great. heating-power.

Theashes are fine and so very light that the slightest draft in the flues sweeps them into the chimney, leaving the heating-surfaces free from deposit, and clean iron ore treated with this powdered peat produces superior charcoal-iron. The peat-should be dug from the bed and spread on the ground a few inches deep, or, better, if upon raised platforms, and when well dried should be ground fine in any proper mill for the purpose; but as such peat'dried directlyfrom the bed is. usually light, spongy, and friable, it will be increased in specific gravity, and greatly improved as fuel if it be passed out from the bed through a kind of pug mill or masticator, from which it should flow in a smooth homogeneous mass, and then be spread,'dried, and ground into fine powder, as described. This peat product from the drying bed will be hard and compact as mineral coal, and itsground'particles will not pack in the mill, and yet be found dense and substantiah This prepared peat having been ground to a fine powder, it cannot be utilized unless blown into the furnace or com bastion-chamber in a diffused cloud like condition of uniform density by a current of hot or cold air, steam, or other projecting medium working directly in connection with the pulverizeir through a proper conductor from the mill to the furnace, but generally requiring special apparatus therefor, and which constitutes the second portion of my invention, consisting as follows, (see drawings, side and end elevations, Figures 1 and2:) v

00 represents a covered supply hopper, into which the pulverized peat is placed and below which the feed hopper b is secured, between which receptacles is a division, c, provided with a slide, 8, forming the bottom of a and top of b, the opening ofwhich slide allows thefuel to drop from a into b,and when closed a may be opened to be recharged. The sidesof b converge at the bottom to receive the screw-con veyer d, (shown by dotted lines,) the shaft of which,at the back end, passes through the casing of b to receive the actuating-belt pulley e, the opposite end of this shaft being prolonged into, and takes hearing through a curved feed-pipe, f, of cast-iron, made fast to the end of d, and its lower end secured to an opening at the top of a castiron spherical vessel or box, g, made'by preference This chamber, on the front side of which is a circular opening to receive a flanged deliverypipe, It, also of cast iron, secured by screws, as shown. 1 I

11 t show two short pipes fixed through and near the top and front side of g, to' receive airtubes, the directionof the currents from which will be at an angle of about forty-five degrees downward toward the rear of the chamber, or otherwise. j shows a third air-tube, of larger capacity than those in front, the current from which will be toward the center of .h and across those of i i. The purpose of these crossing aircurrents is to open the particles of fuel as they drop from the feedpipe fand impel them into the delivery -pipe h, uniformly diffused as a cloud amid the carrying-current. m shows a bent tube passing through the shell 9 and into the central line of h, to project the fuel into the combustion-chamber, for which it will not in all cases be necessary. These four airpipes may be all connected with the same blowing apparatus, or with different blowers, conveyin g hot or cold air, or both; or in some cases an exhaust may be used with advantage, the

blower being placed within or at the outlet of the train of fines.

n' represents a small bent tube passing through'h and into the center of m, to conduct steam or fluid hydrocarbon in cases where it may serve to assist the combustion of or increase the heat from the powdered fuel. Some one or more of these tubes may be dispensed with in cases that practice will suggest.

I am aware that mineral coal and-certain other fuel substances as fine powder have been used for heating by blowing them into furnaces; also that several differing contrivances have been used for blowing the powdered fuel into the combustion-chamber. Therefore I lay no claim, broadly, to either fuel-pulverization or to feedin gsuch fuel to furnaces by air-current,or to an apparatus simply therefor, as they are all well known. Peat has the advantage overother pulverized fuel for reasons before assigned, also in itscheapness, particularly in districts remote from coal deposits, being generally common throughout the manufacturing districts of our country, and my teed apparatus has advantage of economy ot'construction, application, and efficiency in improved working capacity.

Having thus described the nature of myimprovement, the method by which it is carried into practice is as follows: The peat being converted into a fine dry powder, as described,

the cloud-chamber secured in proper position convenient to the furnace, and its deliverytube h united thereto by a prolonging pipe of requisite length and more or less direct, according to their relative positions, with blowing attachment and power added, the hopper a is then charged with the pulverized material and the slide 8 withdrawn for it to fall into the feed hopper b, the slide closed, and a refilled with a supply-charge. The furnace should be provided with an igniting convenience-a s a bed of incandescent coal or other fire-over and across which the powdered fuel is projected and ignited into a vigorous flame, which the impelling -current diffuses through the furnace or material by which it is charged;

a p v 274,778

but in many cases the cloud apparatus may be dispensed with and the pulverizer and blower be united to the furnace direct by a conductin g-pipe, so that the fuel will be supplied without any intermediate manipulation.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The described process of supplying peatfuel to furnaces, consisting of first feeding the fuel from a receptacle intoacloud-chamber, then agitating it by cross-jets, and then forcing it, under pressure, with liquid hydrocarbon-gas, air, or steam jets across a bed of incandescent fuel in a cloud-like form, as described.

2. In an apparatus for conveying powdered peat-fuel to a combustion-chamber or furnace, the combination of a pulverizer, a jet cloudchamber, and a furnace connected by a conducting-pipe for carrying the said fuel from the mill to the furnace through the agency of and with an impelling force, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for conveying powdered fuel to a combustion-chamber or furnace, the following elements in combination thecloudchamber g, directing outlet-pipe h, and air-jets ij, all arranged and operating substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for conveying powdered fuel to a combustion chamber or furnace, the following elements'in combination: the feedhopper b, conducting-screw d, distributingfeedpipef, cloud-chamber g,'and outlet-pipe h, constructed and operating substantially as and for the uses set forth.

5. In an apparatus for conveying powdered fuel to a combustion-chamber or furnace, the combination of theoutlet directingpipe h, tubes m n for liquid fuel, air, or steam, and cloud chamber g, constructed, arranged, and

operating substantially as set forth.

and arranged in the manner substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in' presence of two witnesses.

J. BURROWS HYDE. Witnesses:

F. O. MGOLEARY, G. B. HARRIS.

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