US274746A - everitt - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(N0 Mddel.)

P. EVERITT.

CIGARETTE MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 27, 1883.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

lllll Patented N. PLTEiIs. Phalc-Llllmgmpller. wasmn h-m. D. C.

4-Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)-

P. EVERITT.

' CIGARETTE MACHINE.

Patented Mar.- 27, 1883.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

P. EVERITT.

CIGARETTE MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 27, 1883.

awzm

"I Tim, Ph'umumq hu. Washington. D. c.

compressing rollers.

UNITED STATES PATENT @rricn,

rERoIvAL EVERITT, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

1 CIGARETTE-MACHINE,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,746, dated March 27, 1883.

Application filed December 2i, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England April 6, 1852, No. 1,672.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PERCIVAL EVERITT, of Queen Victoria Street, in the city of London, England, have invented certain Improved Machinery for Manufacturing Cigarettes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a simple and efficient arrangement of mechanism for manufacturing cigarettes, suitable for use not merely by large manufacturers, but also by retailers of. tobacco. To this end, in place of molds and dies, as heretofore employed for bringing the tobacco to shape in a com pressed state, the tobacco is fed by means of an endless band to the first pair of aseriesof grooved The tobacco, as it is forced into the grip of this first pair of rollers, is condensed into, say, a cylindrical form. It

, then passes to a second pair of grooved rollers,

former a gumming-wheel is provided, which,

rolling. in contact with the inner face of the overlapping edge of the paper as it passes forward, imparts a line of gum thereto. The gummed edge is then pressed down by passing the compressed tobacco inclosed in the paper wrapper into the nip of a pair of grooved rollers situated immediately in front of the open tube. To insure the travel of the tobacco with its wrapper through the taper tube, a series of clips is provided for seizing upon it and drawing it forward out of the machine.

"These clips carry cutters 'for severing the continuous cigarette, and they are mounted on a traveling band, and caused in succession to grip the new-formed cigarette as it leaves the rollers and release the severed portions as they are severally advanced to a tipping table, which delivers them into a suitable receptacle.

In Sheet I of the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 shows my improved machine in side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the deliveryend of the same; and Fig. 2* is an elevation of the delivery end of the machine, the receiving-box and the tipping table which guides the severed cigarettes thereto being represented in section. In Sheet II, Fig. 3 shows in side elevation, partly in section, on an enlarged scale, the middle part of the machine; and Fig. 4 is aplan view of the same. In Sheet IlI, Fig.5 shows sections of the taper tube or envelope former which laps'the paper around the'compressed tobacco, the sections being taken in the lines 1 l, 2 2, 3 3 of Fig.3, looking toward the right band. Fig. 6 is a cross-section taken in the line 4 a of Fig. 4, and showing in side elevation the arrangement of gumming apparatus employed. Fig. 7 is a cross-section taken at the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, and showing the construction ofthe cl-ipand the means for actuating it. 8 is a partial plan view of the cutting'table.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal central section of the same, and Fig. 10 is a partial cross-section taken in the line'fi 6 of Fig. 8.

Referring now to Sheet I, A is the feedingtable, in which a groove is made from end to end thereof to receive the previously-prepared tobacco, which is to be converted into cigarettes. This groove is fitted with a feedingband, B, which passes around band-pulleys B, mounted in brackets at opposite ends of the table A. G is a bed-plate set in line with feeding-table A, but on a somewhat lower level, the object of which will be presently understood. Bolted to this bed-plate are two castmetal frames, 0, fitted with bearings to receive the axles of a series of pairs of compressing-rollers, D. D D D D D D These mu:

ers are formed with semicircular grooves, the grooves of the first pair, D, being somewhat larger than those of the second pair, D, the grooves of the secondpair being somewhat langer than those of the third pair. D the [n Sheet'lV, Fig. I

grooves of the third pair being somewhat larger than those of the fourth pair, D and the pressing-rollers by the traveling band B, being gradually compressed until it has passed the fourth pair of rollers, when the compression which it has received will be maintained by the remaining rollers until it is delivered to the web of covering-paper. The grooves of the first four pairs of compressing-rollers may be lined with india-rubber, if thought desirable, as illustrated at Fig. 3, to prevent the tobacco from slipping in the bite of the rollers; but this provision is not essential. By sinking the bed-plate 0 below the level of the feeding-table A the bite of the rollers D D, &c., will be brought on a level with the groove in the feeding-table, and the rollers being set in line therewith, the tobacco 'will be delivered in a continuous stream to the bite of the'compressing-rollers. The tobacco, when filled into the groove of the feeding table, is-pressed down by the attendant to give it some degree of cohesion, and to facilitate the feeding forward of the tobacco the band B is provided with cross strips or ribs 1), set equidistant from each other, as shown in Fig. 3, In aline with the series of compressing-rollers a tn'oular former, E, which is intended to lap the paper around the compressed tobacco, is situated, it being carried by a bracket on the bed-plate O. This envelope-former, which is shown in Iongitudinal section at Fig. 3, and in transverse sections at Fig. 5, is made tapering and with an overlapping lip, which provides a longitudinal opening in the former from end toend thereof. The proportions of this tubular former, it will beunderstood, are such as to facilitate the entrance of the strip of paper which is to constitute the cigarette-envelope, and to insure a free passage for both the compressed tobacco and its envelope to the gumniing apparatus. At the same time this former is required to lap the paper around the compressed tobacco,and'to present the overlapping edge of the paper to the gumming apparatus as the paper travels through the machine. The front end of the tubularformeris bent'downward,that it may offer no obstruction to the passage of the strip through it (the former.) This paper is drawn from a reel or bobbin, F, mounted in brackets below the bed-plate G, and is passed up through a slot'formed in the bed-plate for that purpose. Thepaperis then led overa guide-bar, G, which is carried by an adjustable frame so arran ged as to hold the guide-bar onthe skew,

and thus give the paper a tendency to take the right course through the former. The

adoption of this eontrivance is important, as

' tobacco are drawn forward through the formthe bracket H.

er, thereby completely enveloping the tobacco in a continuous paper wrapper. In some cases I may find it desirable to introduce between the former E and the last of the compressing-rollers it eries of guide-rollers, as shown by dots in Fig. 3, which rollers will serve to prevent the compressedrod from rising by its own elasticity, and thereby causing the production of had work. These rollers should, like the compressing-rollers, be driven, the gearing for which is indicated in Fig. 3-. The forward motion of the inclosed tobacco is obtained, as has oeen already stated, from traveling clips, the construction of which will be presently described.

'By referring to the sectional views, Fig. 5, which are drawn to a larger scale than Fig. 3, it will be seen how the lapping oi" the paper around the compressed rod of tobacco is carcontact with a gumming-wheel, H, carried by avertical spindle, which is free to rotate on centers carried by a bracket, H, bolted to the bed-plate O. This wheel H (see the sectional View, Fig. 6) is chamfered on its upper face, and running in contact with this chamt'ered portion is a second wheel, H, on a vertical spindle mounted on centers carried by the bracket H. This wheel overlaps the wheel H, and is chamtered to correspond therewith, its object being to impart a'li'qnid cement or gum to the gumming-wheel H. The liquid gum or cement it receives from a wheel, H carried by a horizontal spindle mounted on centers on This wheel H which underlies the wheel H runs in a gum-pot attached to the'bracket H. The gum-pot is made adjustable, to enable it to be raised as the gum is used, and thereby keep the wheel H in contact with the supply of gum. totary motion is imparted to the three gum ming-wheels in the manner to be hereinafter described.

I 1 show a pair of grooved pressing-rollers,

mounted on studs projecting from the side of the bracket H, and between these rollers the covered rod of tobacco passes'to permit of the gummed edge .being pressed down into its place. This completes the formation of the cigarette, and it now only remains to bring it under the action of a cutter, which will sever itinto lengths.

K is the cutting-table, on which is mounted an endless metal band, L, for carrying a'series of clips, by which a traverse motion is imparted to the covered cigarette. The band passes over a pair of pulleys, L L, mounted in brackets K, attached to the table K. A third pulley, L, below the table, serves to put IIC the requisite tension on the band and prevent it from slipping, it being aided by pins on the pulley L, which enteraline of pin-holes formed in the metal band L. Slots are cut in the table to allow of the pulleys L projecting upward and guiding the band from and to the tension-pulley. The clips (see the sectional View, Fig. 7) eonsist each of a pair of jaws, l 6,

of the plates 1 to slide .in. and are held firmly down on the table K. The vertical portions of the strips act as elongated cams to hold the jaws of the clips in action. Forthis purpose the hinged pieces l-are each provided with a bowlfl which bears against thestrips is under the pressure of a Ushaped spring, l riveted to the plate I, and to facilitate the traverse of the clips the reaiueuds of these strips or those nearest the rollers I are bent outward, so as to widen the space between them at the part where the clips enter in their horizontal traverse. It will now be understood that so soon as a covered portion of tobacco is advanced into the space between the strips k, which, at the starting of the machine, must he done by hand, the clips,as they riseinto position, will seize the cigarette and draw it forward until they reach the end of the guides k, when they ing maintained by means of gearing,as will be hereinafter described.

When it is desired to sever the continuous length of cigarette into short lengths in the with a pair ofshearing-blades orc'utting-edges,

and these cutters I operate by vertical extensions of the guides, which close the jaws of the clips. The hinged jaws lare slotted vertically at the middle of their length to allow of a pair of shearing-blades or cutters, m at, working freely through them for the purpose of severing the cigarette at the part gripped by the jaws. These cutters are carried by a pair'of levers, m m, which are recessed into thetback of the jaws,'aud have the hinge-pin of the clip for their fulcrum. The levers extend upward above the clip, and are provided with bowls W, for the purpose of meeting extensions Id of the guides Ir, which, acting as cams, will press the levers together, and thuscause their cutters to shear off a length of cigarette. When by the travel of the clipbandtheselevers have passed over the extension-pieces of the guides, they are thrust apart by means of a U-shaped spring, in, inserted between them, and the cutters are thereby withd rawn from contact with the cigarette. The grip on the severed portion of the cigarette is, however, still maintained for the purpose of enabling it to advance the severed portion and push it onto a table, -which is arranged so as to tip up and cause the severed portion of the cigarette to roll into a receiver.

M, Figs. 1, 2, and 2*, Sheet I, is a tipping table having its fulcrum at M, and lying in front ofa receiver, N. Attached to the under side of this table is an arm, 0, carryinga bowl, 0, which bears on the periphery of a cam, P, mounted on a horizontal shaft, Q, to which a continuous rotary motion is imparted by gearing, as will be hereinafter explained. The cam P is so cut that it will maintain the table M in a horizontal position until the severed cigarette is placed fairly upon it, and it will then, by withdrawing its support from the arm 0, allow the table to tip and discharge the cigarette into the receiver N. A space is left'between this tableand the clipping table to allow of the severed cigarette being followed up by the continuous length of cigarette, and being thereby thrusttinto the required position which it is to take on the tipping tablebet'ore its discharge therefrom is effected. To insure the proper action of the tipping table, a coiled spring, 0 is employed for holding down the bowl of the arm 0 in contact with the rotating cam P.

I will now explain the means whereby motion is im parted to the several parts of the machine, which serve to feed in the tobacco, compress itto a rod, cover it withpaper, gum the paper, close the joint of the covering, draw forward the formed cigarette, and deliver it, when severed, into the receptacleN.

R is a transverse shaft, underlying the bedplate 0, and carried in bearings fitted in the bed-plate casting. This shaftis rotated by means of a crank handle, R, and transmits motion to the several parts of the mechanism which perform the operations just indicated.

. Mounted loosely on this shaft is a spur-wheel,

with its upper roller bypiniousland2ot'equal pitch, and on the axle of the lower roller is a pinion, 3. This pinion drives a pinion, 4, on the axle of the top roller of the next adjacent pair, D On the axle of this same roller is a.

second pinion for driving the lowerroliler. The

pinion 4 gears also with a pinion, 5, on the axle of the next, lower roller of the pair, I), and these rollers are alike geared together. The next pair of rollers, D tracing the course rearward, is driven by the pinion 5 taking into a a pinion, 6, on the axle of the top roller, these rollers being geared together, as in the other examples. In this way all the rollers of the series are driven, a pinion'on the lower axle.

4 ensue B. Thus rotary motion for traveling the feeding-band is derived from the shaft It andtransmitted through the gearing of the compressingrollers'. l have said that the spur-wheel R is loose on theshat't B. This is to facilitate the disengagement of one part of the mechanism from the'other, and thus permit of one part being driven while the other remains stationary. To providefor the rotation of the compressing-rollers when the wheel B is thrown out of action, a winch-handle, d, is fitted to the axle of the lower roller, D. In the side of the wheel R a ring of holes is formed to receive the pins of a clutch, R which is keyed to the shaft R. When,therefore,theseclutch-pins engage with the holes in the side of the wheel it will be lockedto its shaft R; but when that shaft is shifted endwise in its bearings the spur-wheel will be disengaged, and the rotation of the shaft will therefore not affect itor the gearing with which it is connected. To prevent this spur-wheel moving laterally when its shaft is moved longitudinally, an annular groove is cut in the boss of the wheel, and a fixed pin, pro-' jecting from a bracket-piece screwed to the under side of the bed-plate, enters this annular groove, and thus prevents the lateral shifting of the wheel.

Fitted to a feather on the shaft 1% isa bevelwheel, R which is held in position in a similar manner to the spur-wheel R This bevelwheel gears into a bevel wheel, R keyed to a longitudinal shaft, R which turns in bearings provided for it at the under side of the bed-plate G and of the cutting-table K. Keyed to this shaft, near its forward end, is a bevelpinion, R which gears into a bevel-wheel, R on the axle of the forward band -pulley, L, of the clip-band L. By driving this hand through the forward pulley the clips are moved forward between their guides by a direct horizontal pull, and at the same time, tak ing a firm hold ot' the covered tobacco, they will draw it forward between the rollers I l, which rotate by friction of contact with the traveling envelope, and thereby secure its gummed edge, as already explained. The motion for driving the gum ining apparatus is taken from the axle of the upper compressing- .roller, D, on which two band-pulleys,-7 8, are

keyed, a gut band from the pulley 7 passing over a pulley, 7*, on the spindle ofthe gumming wheel H, and also over a pulley, 7 on the spindle ot' the gum-transmitting wheel H From the pulley S a crossed gut band passes to a pulley, 8*, on the spindle of the wheel H which rotates in the gum-pot, and, as it rotates, lays'gum on the under side ot' the wheel H which gum is then transferred to the chamferred portion of the wheel H, ready to be imparted to the paper envelope as its raised or lapping edge is drawnover the wheel H. To prevent the undue supply of gum, a scraper is provided, which regulates the amount carried up by the wheel H To maintain the fluidity-of the gum, it may be convenient to fit the gum-pot in a kettle, and to maintain the heat of the Water in the kettle by a gas -jet. This arrangement is shown at Figs. 3 and 6. Underlying the series of compressing-rollers D is an inclined plate, d, for receiving any fine particles of tobacco that may drop, during the passage of the tobacco, through the series of com .)ressing-rollers. This plateinclines toward the front edge of the bed-plate .O, and thus serves to collect the tobacco as it falls and deliver it into a receptacle below.

A spur pinion, It, on the shaft R gears into a spur-wheel, R keyed on the shaft Q, and through this gearing rotary motion is imparted to the cam P, which controls the action of the tipping table.

Having now explained the nature-of my invention, I wish it to be understood that I claim- 1. In a cigarette-machine in which an open taper tube is used for lapping a web of paper around the tobacco, a series of compressingrollers for converting the loose tobacco into a rod and delivering it to the paper by which it is to be covered.

2. In combination with a series of compressing -rollers and a tubular former, an adjustable guide bar for equalizing the tension put upon the paper as it is drawn into and through the tubular former.

3. In a cigarette-machine in which a tubular former is used for wrapping a web of paper around the tobacco, a traveling endless band and a series of clips mounted thereon for the purpose of gripping and carrying the formed cigarette, and means for opening and closing the said clips, substantially as herein described.

4. In combination With the hinged traveling clips 1, the shearing cutters m,carried by rocklevers, and actuated by means of cam-guides, as described.

5. The combination of a grooved feedingtable, t'urnished with a traveling band, a series of grooved compressing-rollers in line therewith, a tubular former, open from end to end, for receiving a web of paper from abobbin and wrapping it around the compressed tobacco, a gumming apparatus and rollers for pressingdown the cemented edge of the paper wrapper, a traveling band of clips for drawing forward the formed cigarette, a cutting apparatus for severing into lengths the cigarette presented to it, and a tipping table for discharging the severed lengths into a receptacle, the moving parts of the mechanism being actuated from a transverse shaf't capable of sliding endwise in its hearings to disconnect one part of the apparatus from the other,

PEROIVAL EVERITT.

Witnesses:

JoHN DEAN, J. WATT, Both of 17 Gracechm'ch Street, London,

Images