US2741264A - Reversing valves - Google Patents

Reversing valves Download PDF

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US2741264A
US2741264A US259946A US25994651A US2741264A US 2741264 A US2741264 A US 2741264A US 259946 A US259946 A US 259946A US 25994651 A US25994651 A US 25994651A US 2741264 A US2741264 A US 2741264A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
seats
stem
seat
metal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US259946A
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William D Leonard
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York Corp
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York Corp
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/04—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves
    • F16K11/044—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves with movable valve members positioned between valve seats
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86686—Plural disk or plug
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86879—Reciprocating valve unit
    • Y10T137/86895—Plural disk or plug
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/87322—With multi way valve having serial valve in at least one branch

Definitions

  • Heat pumps of the reversible type can be used interchangeably for summer cooling and for winter heating of enclosed spaces.
  • a valve of this type has two functional positions, in each of which it must form two tight seals against the pressure differential between compressor suction and discharge. Volatile refrigerants commonly impair non-metallic substances so metals must be used even for sealing surfaces. The valve cannot readily be inspected, and leaks internal to the system, and great enough to cause serious energy losses, are not readily observable. Hence precise construction and reliably maintained performance over a long life is needed. Leakage from the system cannot be tolerated.
  • two flexible double-beat valves are mounted on a single stem and each valve seats selectively on one or the other of two opposed parallel seats. While the ideal condition would be offered by seats which are truly parallel, precisely spaced and accurately centered on the axis of the valve stem, one of the valuable attributes of the flexible metal disc valves is that they will accommodate themselves without impairment of function to minor inaccuracies in seat location and so permit the use of commercial tolerances in the manufacture of the valve body. To permit attainment of reasonable accuracy at moderate cost the valve body is constructed in three separately machined parts so contrived as to favor accurate assembly.
  • the middle portion 1 of the body is in the form of a generally cylindrical sleeve having a cross partition 2 at its middle, bored to afford an axial passage 3 which terminates in outward presented seat rims 4 and 5.
  • a side passage 6 leads to passage 3 between seats 4 and 5, and receives a connection 7 to one of the heat exchangers (not shown) which is converted by the valve between evaporator and condenser functions.
  • Two side passages 8 and 9 receive connections 11 and 12 one connected to the discharge and the other to the suction of the compressor (not shown).
  • the passages 8 and 9 enter chambers 13 and 14 in the ends of portion 1 between the seat 4 or 5 and the opposed seat.
  • portion 1 are counterbored to shoulders 15 and each counterbore confines circumferentially and its shoulder 15 definitely positions a corresponding end portion 16 or 17 as the case may be.
  • Portion 16 has a ported end which terminates in a seat rim 18 and portion 17 has a similar ported end which terminates in seat rim 19.
  • the seats 4 and 18 are opposed to each other in chamber 14 and the seats 5 and 19 are opposed to each other in chamber 13. All seats are centered witha good degree of accuracy on the axis of the valve stem hereinafter described and said axis is normal to each, at least within good commercial tolerances.
  • fused metal joints are indicated by the numeral 20 and need not be further described.
  • portion 17 is closed by a head 21 with a blind guide way 22 and spline 23 intended to guide the lower end of valve stem 24 and prevent it from rotating.
  • the head 21 is mounted against a shoulder in a counterbore.
  • the metal of the portion 17 is headed over and welded as indicated.
  • portion 16 is closed by a head 25, sealed in place in the manner already described as to head 21. It has an extension with a threaded axial bore 26 in which it mounted the threaded actuating stem 27. This may be turned by handwheel 28. An oil port is shown at 29.
  • the lower end of stem 27, within threaded portion 26, is bored and threaded as indicated at 31 to engage the upper threaded end of stem 24.
  • the threads at 26 and 31 are difierentiated so that turning of stem 27 will cause valve stem 24 to shift axially. If one thread is right and the other left handed, rapid motion of the valve stem may be had.
  • a metal disc 32 is sealed to a shoulder on stem 24, and corrugated metal bellows 33 connect disc 32 and head 25, affording a reliable seal without the use of packing around the stem 24.
  • the upper double-beat valve 34 which seats alternately against seats 4 and 18 is a flexible annulus of elastic sheet metal. Lamination increases initial flexibility. Two laminae are shown, since two are ordinarily suflicient.
  • the lower double-beat valve is really two flexible annuli 35 and 36 (each shown as comprising two laminae of elastic sheet metal) separated by a double convex lenticular spacer 37. This is used to'limit only the extreme flexure of the valve annuli, and consequently is essentially rigid.
  • the upper valve seats against a shoulder 38 on stem 24. Between annuli 34 and 35 is a spacing sleeve 39 and below annuli 36 is a second spacing sleeve 41. The parts are held in assembled relation by nut 42 and check nut 43 threaded upon the lower end of stem 24.
  • the chambers within portions 16 and 17 freely communicate with each other through connection 44 and with the other heat exchanger (not shown) through connection 45.
  • valves of this type can be variously connected.
  • the invention resides in the valve structure, and this may be used for any purpose to which it is adaptable.
  • the valve in its lower position closes the passages controlled by seats 4 and 19 and opens those controlled by seats 5 and 18.
  • the passages controlled by 5 and 18 are closed and those controlled by 4 and 19 are open.
  • the valve has the advantage of all metal construction
  • a valve stem means for shifting said stem in a path coincident with the axes of the; stem and seat; saidstern extending throughsaidvalve seatsalhof-"Which are substantially normaltosaidaxesya first fiexibi'e double heat'valve comprising a flat annulus of" elastic sheet metal positioned betweenthe seats-of the firstpair, adapted to seat selectively against said, seats; as the stem is' shifted, and at tached to the stem in an annular area; materially smaller than the openings through the firstrpair of valve seats; a
  • second" double-beat valve comprising; two fiat annulij of elastic; sheet-metal; separatedbya double convex ljenticular spacer, and positioned between the seats of the second pair, the annuli being adapted'to seat selectively against the seats of the second pair and being clamped'to:
  • spacer in annular areas smaller than the openings through thesecond pair of" seats; the spacer being of-- such outside diameter relatively to the openings through the seats of the second pair and of such thickness adjacent its center relatively to the difierential between the spacings of the seats of the two pairs, as to arrest motion of the stern in each direction after both doublerbeat valves are seated.

Description

April 10, 1956 w. D. LEONARD 2,741,264
REVERSING VALVES Filed Dec. 5, 1951 William DLeonard.
3nvenfor (Ittornegs United States Patent REVERSING VALVES William D. Leonard, York, 'Pa., assignor to York Corporation, York, Pa., a corporation'of Delaware Application December 5, 1951, Serial N 259,946
1 Claim. (Cl. 137-6255) Heat pumps of the reversible type can be used interchangeably for summer cooling and for winter heating of enclosed spaces.
The availability of a single piece of apparatus for two independent seasonal services is architecturally and economically attractive. When electric current must be used for heating, and provided outdoor temperatures are not unduly low, the high performance factor of the heat pump makes it more economical than a resistance heater.
Since it is usually not conveniently practicable to reverse the unit bodily the commercial trend is toward use of two heat exchangers either of which may perform the functions of an evaporator while the other performs those of a condenser. These exchangers must be interchangeably connected with the compressor by a reversing valve and the troublesome factor in the art is this valve.
It is to the provision of a satisfactory reversing valve that the invention is directed. A valve of this type has two functional positions, in each of which it must form two tight seals against the pressure differential between compressor suction and discharge. Volatile refrigerants commonly impair non-metallic substances so metals must be used even for sealing surfaces. The valve cannot readily be inspected, and leaks internal to the system, and great enough to cause serious energy losses, are not readily observable. Hence precise construction and reliably maintained performance over a long life is needed. Leakage from the system cannot be tolerated.
A valve meeting the stated requirements and capable of manufacture at reasonable cost is shown in the accompanying drawing in which the single figure is a view in axial section of the complete valve. Portions of its connections are shown.
It is characteristic of the invention that two flexible double-beat valves are mounted on a single stem and each valve seats selectively on one or the other of two opposed parallel seats. While the ideal condition would be offered by seats which are truly parallel, precisely spaced and accurately centered on the axis of the valve stem, one of the valuable attributes of the flexible metal disc valves is that they will accommodate themselves without impairment of function to minor inaccuracies in seat location and so permit the use of commercial tolerances in the manufacture of the valve body. To permit attainment of reasonable accuracy at moderate cost the valve body is constructed in three separately machined parts so contrived as to favor accurate assembly.
The middle portion 1 of the body is in the form of a generally cylindrical sleeve having a cross partition 2 at its middle, bored to afford an axial passage 3 which terminates in outward presented seat rims 4 and 5. A side passage 6 leads to passage 3 between seats 4 and 5, and receives a connection 7 to one of the heat exchangers (not shown) which is converted by the valve between evaporator and condenser functions. Two side passages 8 and 9 receive connections 11 and 12 one connected to the discharge and the other to the suction of the compressor (not shown).
The passages 8 and 9 enter chambers 13 and 14 in the ends of portion 1 between the seat 4 or 5 and the opposed seat. I
The ends of portion 1 are counterbored to shoulders 15 and each counterbore confines circumferentially and its shoulder 15 definitely positions a corresponding end portion 16 or 17 as the case may be.
Portion 16 has a ported end which terminates in a seat rim 18 and portion 17 has a similar ported end which terminates in seat rim 19. The seats 4 and 18 are opposed to each other in chamber 14 and the seats 5 and 19 are opposed to each other in chamber 13. All seats are centered witha good degree of accuracy on the axis of the valve stem hereinafter described and said axis is normal to each, at least within good commercial tolerances.
Throughout the drawing, fused metal joints (whether they be brazed, soldered or welded) are indicated by the numeral 20 and need not be further described.
The outer end of portion 17 is closed by a head 21 with a blind guide way 22 and spline 23 intended to guide the lower end of valve stem 24 and prevent it from rotating. The head 21 is mounted against a shoulder in a counterbore. The metal of the portion 17 is headed over and welded as indicated.
The outer end of portion 16 is closed by a head 25, sealed in place in the manner already described as to head 21. It has an extension with a threaded axial bore 26 in which it mounted the threaded actuating stem 27. This may be turned by handwheel 28. An oil port is shown at 29.
The lower end of stem 27, within threaded portion 26, is bored and threaded as indicated at 31 to engage the upper threaded end of stem 24. The threads at 26 and 31 are difierentiated so that turning of stem 27 will cause valve stem 24 to shift axially. If one thread is right and the other left handed, rapid motion of the valve stem may be had.
A metal disc 32 is sealed to a shoulder on stem 24, and corrugated metal bellows 33 connect disc 32 and head 25, affording a reliable seal without the use of packing around the stem 24.
The upper double-beat valve 34, which seats alternately against seats 4 and 18 is a flexible annulus of elastic sheet metal. Lamination increases initial flexibility. Two laminae are shown, since two are ordinarily suflicient. The lower double-beat valve is really two flexible annuli 35 and 36 (each shown as comprising two laminae of elastic sheet metal) separated by a double convex lenticular spacer 37. This is used to'limit only the extreme flexure of the valve annuli, and consequently is essentially rigid. The upper valve seats against a shoulder 38 on stem 24. Between annuli 34 and 35 is a spacing sleeve 39 and below annuli 36 is a second spacing sleeve 41. The parts are held in assembled relation by nut 42 and check nut 43 threaded upon the lower end of stem 24.
The chambers within portions 16 and 17 freely communicate with each other through connection 44 and with the other heat exchanger (not shown) through connection 45.
While definite connections have been suggested, valves of this type can be variously connected. The invention resides in the valve structure, and this may be used for any purpose to which it is adaptable.
So far as is material, the valve in its lower position (as shown) closes the passages controlled by seats 4 and 19 and opens those controlled by seats 5 and 18. In the upper position the passages controlled by 5 and 18 are closed and those controlled by 4 and 19 are open.
The valve has the advantage of all metal construction,
ama ed:
and tight seals afiorded by adequately loaded elastic metal discs.
What is claimed is:
In a four-way valve, the combination of a valve hous; inghavinga first-pair" of opposed coaxial annular valve seats, and having coaxial therewith'asecondpair'of'rnore widely spaced opposed coaxifl annular'valve; seats, said sea-tsbeing interposed between fiowconnections; a valve stem; means for shifting said stem in a path coincident with the axes of the; stem and seat; saidstern extending throughsaidvalve seatsalhof-"Which are substantially normaltosaidaxesya first fiexibi'e double heat'valve comprising a flat annulus of" elastic sheet metal positioned betweenthe seats-of the firstpair, adapted to seat selectively against said, seats; as the stem is' shifted, and at tached to the stem in an annular area; materially smaller than the openings through the firstrpair of valve seats; a
second" double-beat valve comprising; two fiat annulij of elastic; sheet-metal; separatedbya double convex ljenticular spacer, and positioned between the seats of the second pair, the annuli being adapted'to seat selectively against the seats of the second pair and being clamped'to: the
spacer in annular areas smaller than the openings through thesecond pair of" seats; the spacer being of-- such outside diameter relatively to the openings through the seats of the second pair and of such thickness adjacent its center relatively to the difierential between the spacings of the seats of the two pairs, as to arrest motion of the stern in each direction after both doublerbeat valves are seated.
References-.Eited'imthe file-,0? this patent UNITED, STATES, PATENTS 860,258 Slick July 1 6', 1907 1,235,338 Lernp. ,July 31,1917 1,478,815 Blauvelt Dec. 15, 1923 1,575,771 Mar. 9, 1926 1,802,093 Slagel Apr. 21, 1931 1,855,354 Kennedy -QApr. 26, 1932 1,921,092 Newton Aug. 8, 1933 2,138,513 1 Rossman N'ov;29, 1938 2,188,836 Goodwin Ian. 30'; 1940 2,640,494 Kounovsky ,V Ji1ne 2,1953 2,703,106 Borgerd" Mar. 1, 19,55
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2847183A (en) * 1952-12-11 1958-08-12 Sulzer Ag High pressure valve
US2875781A (en) * 1953-07-24 1959-03-03 Bendix Aviat Corp Diaphragm type control valve having hydraulic reaction
US2887127A (en) * 1953-08-07 1959-05-19 Broadbent Sidney Fluid control valves
US2913220A (en) * 1955-06-20 1959-11-17 Martin L Cover Valve structure and method of installation
US2946552A (en) * 1955-10-05 1960-07-26 Altair Inc Sealing elements
US2954911A (en) * 1958-06-25 1960-10-04 Ibm Tape drive
US3035810A (en) * 1957-07-01 1962-05-22 Thermo Technical Dev Ltd Sealing valves for gas control
US3128792A (en) * 1962-06-12 1964-04-14 Atwood & Morrill Co Inc Three-way valve
US3135286A (en) * 1962-04-13 1964-06-02 Worthington Corp Control valve
US3213668A (en) * 1962-02-14 1965-10-26 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Freezing point monitor
DE1550230B1 (en) * 1965-10-18 1970-07-23 F & E Mfg Co Closing piece fastening for a lift valve
US3683961A (en) * 1969-11-03 1972-08-15 Permo Valves
US3868969A (en) * 1972-03-01 1975-03-04 Willi Schwenk Multiway valve
US4254792A (en) * 1978-08-26 1981-03-10 Holstein & Kappert Gmbh Double-seat valve
US4441335A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-04-10 Honeywell Inc. Heat pump
US20090178721A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 Blac, Inc. Block and bleed valve assembly
US10226749B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2019-03-12 Blac Inc. Monitoring and control module for fluid catalytic cracking unit

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US860259A (en) * 1906-08-31 1907-07-16 Reuben Smith Fuel-oil burner.
US1235338A (en) * 1915-09-01 1917-07-31 Gen Electric Valve.
US1478815A (en) * 1923-01-12 1923-12-25 Frederic D Blauvelt Valve
US1575771A (en) * 1924-03-27 1926-03-09 Walter H Riley Three-way valve
US1802093A (en) * 1929-04-01 1931-04-21 Fedders Mfg Co Inc Valve
US1855354A (en) * 1928-07-19 1932-04-26 Kennedy Edward Plumbing fixture
US1921092A (en) * 1931-03-23 1933-08-08 New York Air Brake Co Multiple-way valve
US2138513A (en) * 1937-07-29 1938-11-29 Gen Motors Corp Shock absorber
US2188836A (en) * 1938-03-18 1940-01-30 Eugene W Goodwin Radiator valve and trap
US2640494A (en) * 1947-01-09 1953-06-02 Alco Valve Co Reverse cycle valve
US2703106A (en) * 1951-07-14 1955-03-01 Int Harvester Co Reversing valve

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US860259A (en) * 1906-08-31 1907-07-16 Reuben Smith Fuel-oil burner.
US1235338A (en) * 1915-09-01 1917-07-31 Gen Electric Valve.
US1478815A (en) * 1923-01-12 1923-12-25 Frederic D Blauvelt Valve
US1575771A (en) * 1924-03-27 1926-03-09 Walter H Riley Three-way valve
US1855354A (en) * 1928-07-19 1932-04-26 Kennedy Edward Plumbing fixture
US1802093A (en) * 1929-04-01 1931-04-21 Fedders Mfg Co Inc Valve
US1921092A (en) * 1931-03-23 1933-08-08 New York Air Brake Co Multiple-way valve
US2138513A (en) * 1937-07-29 1938-11-29 Gen Motors Corp Shock absorber
US2188836A (en) * 1938-03-18 1940-01-30 Eugene W Goodwin Radiator valve and trap
US2640494A (en) * 1947-01-09 1953-06-02 Alco Valve Co Reverse cycle valve
US2703106A (en) * 1951-07-14 1955-03-01 Int Harvester Co Reversing valve

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2847183A (en) * 1952-12-11 1958-08-12 Sulzer Ag High pressure valve
US2875781A (en) * 1953-07-24 1959-03-03 Bendix Aviat Corp Diaphragm type control valve having hydraulic reaction
US2887127A (en) * 1953-08-07 1959-05-19 Broadbent Sidney Fluid control valves
US2913220A (en) * 1955-06-20 1959-11-17 Martin L Cover Valve structure and method of installation
US2946552A (en) * 1955-10-05 1960-07-26 Altair Inc Sealing elements
US3035810A (en) * 1957-07-01 1962-05-22 Thermo Technical Dev Ltd Sealing valves for gas control
US2954911A (en) * 1958-06-25 1960-10-04 Ibm Tape drive
US3213668A (en) * 1962-02-14 1965-10-26 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Freezing point monitor
US3135286A (en) * 1962-04-13 1964-06-02 Worthington Corp Control valve
US3128792A (en) * 1962-06-12 1964-04-14 Atwood & Morrill Co Inc Three-way valve
DE1550230B1 (en) * 1965-10-18 1970-07-23 F & E Mfg Co Closing piece fastening for a lift valve
US3683961A (en) * 1969-11-03 1972-08-15 Permo Valves
US3868969A (en) * 1972-03-01 1975-03-04 Willi Schwenk Multiway valve
US4254792A (en) * 1978-08-26 1981-03-10 Holstein & Kappert Gmbh Double-seat valve
US4441335A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-04-10 Honeywell Inc. Heat pump
US20090178721A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 Blac, Inc. Block and bleed valve assembly
US9297461B2 (en) * 2008-01-14 2016-03-29 Blac, Inc. Block and bleed valve assembly
US10226749B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2019-03-12 Blac Inc. Monitoring and control module for fluid catalytic cracking unit
US10870095B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2020-12-22 Blac Inc. Monitoring and control module for fluid catalytic cracking unit

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