US2735922A - johnson - Google Patents
johnson Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2735922A US2735922A US2735922DA US2735922A US 2735922 A US2735922 A US 2735922A US 2735922D A US2735922D A US 2735922DA US 2735922 A US2735922 A US 2735922A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- metal
- coil
- heating element
- base
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241001107954 Jola Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
Definitions
- This invention relates to electrical elements for use with vessels in which a liquid is heated, a preferred application being the heating element for a coffee-maker, such as a percolator.
- the principal object of the invention is to provide a simple and eflicient heating element of this type in which there is excellent transfer of heat from the resistance wire to the liquid being heated and at the same time a very low transfer of heat to the atmosphere typified by the air below the bottom of the coffee making vessel.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a competitive price assembly which will permit the use of a quite thin casing beneath or within the cofiee pot or other holding vessel. While these casings would preferably be made of aluminum this metal is not suitable in reasonably thin section for holding the usual heat transfer powder which must be put in under heavy pressures which normal thicknesses of aluminum will not stand. By substituting a lead filling which can readily be poured in, excellent heat transfer to a thin walled casing may be obtained,
- Figure l is a cross-section through a preferred form of heating element which embodies the invention.
- Figure 2 is a modification.
- a coil of Nichrome wire would on a ceramic core 11 which may be in spool shape if so desired but is illustrated as a core having only one head.
- the wire is insulated and the coil is covered with a ceramic coating 12 coaxial with and well spaced from the casing 14 which may be of copper or other metal suitable for the purpose, my preference being for aluminum.
- a metal 15 having a low fusing point such as white metal but is preferably lead.
- the open end 16 of the metal casing 14 is closed by a circular base 20 which is of a high electrically insulating material with low heat conducting properties.
- a very convenient material to use for this purpose is a glass filled mica compound which molds easily and may be attached to the metal casing by a suitable sealing compound 21, a preferred material being an epoxy resin.
- contact pins can readily be molded in place through any portion of the base 20, I prefer that these leads 26 and 27 extend through a central stem 30 integral with the base and forming a screw so that the heating element may be secured to a wall such as 32 of the cofiee-pot or other liquid heating vessel by a nut such as 33, the usual gasket 34 being interposed.
- the Nichrome wire is wound on the core in helical fashion suitably insulated and when the coil is formed it is completely covered by an insulating ceramic coating.
- the space between the coil and the casing is filled with molten lead, the ends of wire from the coil having been fastened to the embedded leads 26 and 27 in the stem.
- the base is now inserted in the open end of the casing and is secured to the casing by means of the epoxy resin or other sealing compound.
- the heating element is now ready for installation in any desired heating vessel.
- the heating element is shown as applied to the bottom 32 of the vessel holding the liquid.
- the coil 10a is here of torus shape, wound on an annular core 11a, the coil being coated with an electrically insulating covering material 12a which is spaced from the circular tray type casing 14a all around.
- the base 20a in this type element is likewise dish shaped and may or may not directly engage the bot tom of the coffee pot at its periphery 36 but preferably does, as shown.
- the heat conducting, low melting point metal or alloy 15 completely fills the casing 14a and hence directly engages the bottom metal wall 32.
- the core 11a or ceramic spool has a spiral groove or cut 37 which anchors the wire and holds it in place when it is mounted and baked, this grooving of the core being quite helpful.
- a heating element for liquids comprising a resistance wire wound on a ceramic spool, an insulating ceramic coating surrounding the coil so formed, a metal casing having an open end, surrounding the coating and spaced therefrom, a heat conductor completely filling such space and comprising a low-fusing metal, and a base secured to the casing by an epoxy resin sealing compound, said base being formed of a material of low heat conducting and high electrical insulating properties, and closing the open end of the casing.
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- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Description
Feb. 21, 1956 H. R. JQHNSON 2,735,922
HEATING ELEMENT FOR COFFEE MAKERS, ETC
Filed Feb. 2, 1955 FIG. I
INVENTOR HOWARD R. JOHNSON ATT Y United States Patent HEATING ELEMENT FOR COFFEE MAKERS, ETC.
Howard R. Johnson, Collingswood, N. J. Application February 2, 1955, Serial No. 485,678
1 Claim. (Cl. 219-19) This invention relates to electrical elements for use with vessels in which a liquid is heated, a preferred application being the heating element for a coffee-maker, such as a percolator.
The principal object of the invention is to provide a simple and eflicient heating element of this type in which there is excellent transfer of heat from the resistance wire to the liquid being heated and at the same time a very low transfer of heat to the atmosphere typified by the air below the bottom of the coffee making vessel.
A further object of the invention is to provide a competitive price assembly which will permit the use of a quite thin casing beneath or within the cofiee pot or other holding vessel. While these casings would preferably be made of aluminum this metal is not suitable in reasonably thin section for holding the usual heat transfer powder which must be put in under heavy pressures which normal thicknesses of aluminum will not stand. By substituting a lead filling which can readily be poured in, excellent heat transfer to a thin walled casing may be obtained,
Figure l is a cross-section through a preferred form of heating element which embodies the invention.
Figure 2 is a modification.
In the drawings represents a coil of Nichrome wire would on a ceramic core 11 which may be in spool shape if so desired but is illustrated as a core having only one head. Following usual practice, the wire is insulated and the coil is covered with a ceramic coating 12 coaxial with and well spaced from the casing 14 which may be of copper or other metal suitable for the purpose, my preference being for aluminum. Between the sheet metal casing 14 and the ceramic insulating covering 12 of the coil I completely fill the space with a metal 15 having a low fusing point such as white metal but is preferably lead.
The open end 16 of the metal casing 14 is closed by a circular base 20 which is of a high electrically insulating material with low heat conducting properties. A very convenient material to use for this purpose is a glass filled mica compound which molds easily and may be attached to the metal casing by a suitable sealing compound 21, a preferred material being an epoxy resin. I prefer to leave an air space 22 between the bottom of the core or spool 11 and the depressed portion 23 of the base and also prefer that the metal filling 15 shall engage the base as at 24 touching the annular portion 25 completely around.
While contact pins can readily be molded in place through any portion of the base 20, I prefer that these leads 26 and 27 extend through a central stem 30 integral with the base and forming a screw so that the heating element may be secured to a wall such as 32 of the cofiee-pot or other liquid heating vessel by a nut such as 33, the usual gasket 34 being interposed.
In making the device the Nichrome wire is wound on the core in helical fashion suitably insulated and when the coil is formed it is completely covered by an insulating ceramic coating. With the core centered in the aluminum casing 14, the space between the coil and the casing is filled with molten lead, the ends of wire from the coil having been fastened to the embedded leads 26 and 27 in the stem. The base is now inserted in the open end of the casing and is secured to the casing by means of the epoxy resin or other sealing compound. The heating element is now ready for installation in any desired heating vessel.
In the modified form illustrated in Fig. 2, the heating element is shown as applied to the bottom 32 of the vessel holding the liquid. The coil 10a is here of torus shape, wound on an annular core 11a, the coil being coated with an electrically insulating covering material 12a which is spaced from the circular tray type casing 14a all around. The base 20a in this type element is likewise dish shaped and may or may not directly engage the bot tom of the coffee pot at its periphery 36 but preferably does, as shown. The heat conducting, low melting point metal or alloy 15 completely fills the casing 14a and hence directly engages the bottom metal wall 32. As in the preferred form, the core 11a or ceramic spool has a spiral groove or cut 37 which anchors the wire and holds it in place when it is mounted and baked, this grooving of the core being quite helpful.
What I claim is:
A heating element for liquids comprising a resistance wire wound on a ceramic spool, an insulating ceramic coating surrounding the coil so formed, a metal casing having an open end, surrounding the coating and spaced therefrom, a heat conductor completely filling such space and comprising a low-fusing metal, and a base secured to the casing by an epoxy resin sealing compound, said base being formed of a material of low heat conducting and high electrical insulating properties, and closing the open end of the casing.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,848,449 Wiegand Mar. 8, 1932 1,897,197 Jolas Feb. 14, 1933 2,179,934 Jones Nov. 14, 1935
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2735922A true US2735922A (en) | 1956-02-21 |
Family
ID=3445276
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2735922D Expired - Lifetime US2735922A (en) | johnson |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2735922A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2864929A (en) * | 1957-03-14 | 1958-12-16 | Thermal Mfg Company | Heater |
US2996594A (en) * | 1956-05-18 | 1961-08-15 | Tuttle Electric Products Inc | Molded electric heater and method of making same |
US3055055A (en) * | 1959-10-15 | 1962-09-25 | Cardinal Entpr Ltd | Runner heater for injection molding machines |
US3129314A (en) * | 1960-08-01 | 1964-04-14 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Electric heater |
US3497677A (en) * | 1968-03-04 | 1970-02-24 | Elevator Equip | Electric heater unit for liquid reservoirs |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1848449A (en) * | 1930-05-26 | 1932-03-08 | Edwin L Wiegand | Fused immersion heater |
US1897197A (en) * | 1929-12-30 | 1933-02-14 | Jolas Franz | Heating plate |
US2179934A (en) * | 1936-09-14 | 1939-11-14 | Richard N Wilson | Electric heating unit |
-
0
- US US2735922D patent/US2735922A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1897197A (en) * | 1929-12-30 | 1933-02-14 | Jolas Franz | Heating plate |
US1848449A (en) * | 1930-05-26 | 1932-03-08 | Edwin L Wiegand | Fused immersion heater |
US2179934A (en) * | 1936-09-14 | 1939-11-14 | Richard N Wilson | Electric heating unit |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2996594A (en) * | 1956-05-18 | 1961-08-15 | Tuttle Electric Products Inc | Molded electric heater and method of making same |
US2864929A (en) * | 1957-03-14 | 1958-12-16 | Thermal Mfg Company | Heater |
US3055055A (en) * | 1959-10-15 | 1962-09-25 | Cardinal Entpr Ltd | Runner heater for injection molding machines |
US3129314A (en) * | 1960-08-01 | 1964-04-14 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Electric heater |
US3497677A (en) * | 1968-03-04 | 1970-02-24 | Elevator Equip | Electric heater unit for liquid reservoirs |
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