US2734404A

US2734404A - Swaging machine

Info

Publication number: US2734404A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1956-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 1973-02-14

Description

Feb. 14, 1956 G. BATTY SWAGING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 5, 1952 fli j j Z Nu! Batty Feb. 14, 1956 e. BATTY SWAGING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 5, 1952 Feb. 14, 1956 G. BATTY SWAGING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 5, 1952 1.2221 czztan g .5 42,665 F? 49? United States Patent O ice SWAGING MACHINE- Granville Batty, Walkden, near Manchester, England, assignor to Sir James Farmer Norton & Company Limited, Salford, England, a British company Application December 5, 1952, Serial No. 324,285

Claims priority, application Great Britain December 17, 1951 6 Claims. (Cl. 7821') This invention relates to swaging machines such as are utilized for performing various operations, for example, closing, or shaping and closing the ends of appropriate hollow articles, or reducing the diametral dimensions of the end portions of such articles, but they are not restricted to use for work on hollow articles as they may be employed for shaping the ends of solid workpieces, for example, bars of circular or other shape or profile in cross section.

Swaging machines may vary in construction. The machines at present favoured are of two types in each of which dies are employed which are reciprocable in directions transversely to the article being treated. Such dies may be mounted in or appropriately associated with holders usually known as clapper boxes. The dies, or dies and clapper boxes, slide in radially arranged channels or guideways in the machine head and are driven towards the workpiece by contact with rollers or pads carried in the said head, so that the dies are forced into their closed or forging positions.

The two types of swaging machine referred to in the preceding paragraph may be classified as the rotary type and the inverted type. In the rotary type the centre spindle of the machine, carrying the dies, revolves inside a fixed ring of rollers, whereas in the inverted type the centre spindle is stationary, or only slowly revolving, and a ring of rollers or pads is rotated around the spindle. The dies, or the clapper boxes, at their ends remote from the work, may have direct contact with the rollers in the ring, or the dies or clapper boxes may be equipped with rollers which are contacted by the rollers in the ring.

It will be appreciated that as the result of the contacting of the rollers of the ring of rollers with the dies or clapper boxes or the rollers carried thereby, and the successive closing and opening movements of the dies which take place when the machine is running, whether it is operating on a workpiece or is running idly, considerable noise is set up, the noise being greater when the machine is running idly. This incessant noise is objectionable and can become very irritating and wearisome to the operatives in the neighbourhood of the machine.

From time to time with a view to reducing the noise obtaining during the running of swaging machines, various noise damping means have been proposed, but none of such means has proved very satisfactory in practice, certainly not sufiiciently satisfactory to warrant adoption as a standard component of a swaging machine.

It is an object of the present invention to provide simple but efficient means to render a swaging machine relatively silent when idling without adversely affecting the free movement of the dies and clapper boxes when the machine is forging or operating on a workpiece.

Another object of the invention is to provide a silencing means for swaging machines of the kind above indicated which shall be such that wear on the dies and clapper boxes of the machine will be reduced.

The invention consists in a swaging machine comprising hammer blocks and swaging dies mounted in a hous- 2,734,404 Patented Feb. 14, 19 56 ing with the hammer blocks, having short reciprocatory movements imparted thereto by rollers or like operating parts to cause the dies to effect the swaging operation, characterised in this that each hammer block is adapted to be engaged by at least one piston, preferably with its axis at an angle to the direction of movement of the block, each piston being in a cylinder partly in the housing and partly in a hammer block to which fluid under pressure is supplied in order (when no swaging is taking place) that each piston shall move its hammer block clear of its operating parts.

The invention further comprises the aforesaid swaging machine with each hammer block engaged by pistons at opposite sides of the block.

The invention further comprises a swaging machine as aforesaid in which each cylinder containing a piston has restricted outlets at its opposite ends on opposite sides of the piston therein, so that the pressure fluid supplied to the cylinder (which contains or consists of oil) will lubricate the hammer blocks and their operating means, the piston also having a restricted passage through its end which engages the hammer block.

The invention further comprises a swaging machine as aforesaid in which each hammer block has a roller in its end engaged by a circle of rollers, pressure fluid issuing from each cylinder into the space between the housing containing the hammer blocks, and the track of rollers.

The invention further comprises a swaging machine as aforesaid in which a shim between each hammer block and the swaging die it actuates has a cross groove therein to which lubricant is supplied from the cylinder or cylinders containing the piston or pistons which engage the hammer block through a passage or passages in the hammer block.

Referring to the accompanying explanatory drawings:

Figure l is a front view of a rotary swaging machine having the present invention applied thereto in one convenient form. The cover has been removed in order to show the operative parts.

Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation of the machine shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows to a larger scale than Figure 1, one pair of silencing pistons and the hammer block with which they cooperate.

Figure 4 is a front view of a swaging machine having four swaging dies and associated hammer blocks, incorporating the present invention.

Figure 5 is a side view partly in section of the Figure 4 construction of machine.

Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the compressed fluid connection to a cylinder containing a piston for holding a hammer block clear of its striking rollers in the construction of machine shown in Figures 4 and 5.

The pulley a rotates a sleeve b which at its outer end forms a housing 0 revolving within a fixed body a, and having therein the hammer blocks e and the swaging dies 1. The hammer blocks have rollers g therein which are adapted to be engaged (as the housing c revolves) by the main striking rollers 11 carried in the frame i within the body d. The rollers h react against a ring j in the body d. Between the blocks e and the dies are shims k.

Within the housing c are cylindrical recesses m disposed at an angle to the line of movement of the blocks e and the blocks e also have a part of continuations n of such recesses located therein at opposite sides of the blocks so that pistons 0 in the recesses can bear upon the blocks as shown more particularly in Figure 3.

Compressed air containing oil mist or oil under pressure is supplied by the pipe 17 (Figure 2) and passes through the sleeve q to the axially grooved surface of an inner sleeve r and then by axial grooves s along the external surface of the sleeve q to radial ducts t in the housing and from them to ducts u parallel to the axis of the housing 0 which lead to the several cylinders or cylindrical recesses m in the housing. Each piston 0 has an axial hole v therethrough which is'reduced in bore at w at the piston end and this leads to a hole x in the hammer block. The holes x open into a groove y machined across the face of the shim k between the hammer block and the die which it operates. The ends of the groove y open at the guide faces of the blocks and dies. The outer end of each cylinder m is closed by a cover plate 10 which has a small bore hole 11 therethrough through which the oil mist or oil lubricates the rollers h and the guide faces of the hammer blocks 2.

When the machine is idling, compressed air laden with oil vapor or mist or oil under pressure is admitted by the pipe q and passes between surfaces which it lubricates to the cylinders m by the ducts u and presses the pistons 0 so that they hold the hammer blocks e clear of the rollers h. The machine will therefore run quietly with the dies f closed. When swaging is to commence the supply of compressed air or oil is cut oif so that the rollers g are again engaged by the rollers 6. The supply of mist laden compressed air or of oil under pressure may be automatically cut off when swaging commence. Or such cut off may be effected by hand or foot control.

In the construction of machine shown in Figures 4, and 6 which has four swaging dies 1 and four hammer blocks, the compressed air containing oil mist or the oil under pressure is supplied through the hole 12 (Figure 5) to the annular passage 13 around the housing c. The track containing the rollers 11 revolves in this case around the housing 0 which is stationary or revolving slowly. Such annular passage 13 leads by way of ducts 14 parallel with the axis of the housing 0 to the cylinders in containing the pistons 0 which are adapted to hold the hammer block rollers g clear of their striking rollers h when the machine is idling and no swaging taking place.

The operation of the pistons 0 is the same as in the Figures 1, 2 and 3 construction.

It will be seen that with the present improvement, a swaging machine will run quietly and be well lubricated 4 when swaging is not taking place so that undue wear is obviated. The movement of the pistons 0 is a small one but very effective for the purpose indicated.

What I claim is:

1. In a swaging machine having hammer blocks and swaging dies mounted in a housing, each block having short reciprocatory movements imparted thereto by operating parts, to cause the dies to effect swaging operation, the combination of at least one piston for each block, slidably mounted partly in the housing and partly in its block; and means to supply fluid under pressure, to slide each block in order that each pison shall move its block clear of said blocks operating parts.

2. A swaging machine, according to claim 1, in which the axis of each piston is at an angle to the direction of movement of its block.

3. A swaging machine, according to claim 1, in which each hammer block is engaged by pistons at opposite sides of the block.

4. A swaging machine, according to claim 1, in which the housing has cylindrical recesses containing said pistons, each recess having restricted outlets at its ends on opposite sides of the piston therein, and each piston has a restricted passage through its end which engages its block.

5. A swaging machine, according to claim 1, in which each block has a roller in its end, a circle of rollers engage said block rollers, and means is provided to supply pressure fluid between the block rollers and the circle of rollers.

6. A swaging machine, according to claim 1, in which a shim is provided between each hammer block and the swaging die it actuates, said shim having a transverse groove therethrough, and means is provided to supply lubricant to said grooves to lubricate said blocks and said dies.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,074,398 Whyland Sept. 30, 1913 2,460,490 Cook Feb. 1, 1949 2,638,339 Taylor May 12, 1953 2,655,384 Peterson Oct. 13, 1953